2,031 results match your criteria: "Clinica Neurologica[Affiliation]"

Comorbidities of primary headache disorders: a literature review with meta-analysis.

J Headache Pain

July 2021

UOC Neurologia, Salute Pubblica, Disabilità, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy.

Background: Primary headache disorders are common and burdensome conditions. They are associated to several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular or psychiatric ones, which, in turn, contribute to the global burden of headache. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of the pooled prevalence of comorbidities of primary headache disorders using a meta-analytical approach based on studies published between 2000 and 2020.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Adult-onset mitochondrial movement disorders: a national picture from the Italian Network.

J Neurol

March 2022

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Introduction: Both prevalence and clinical features of the various movement disorders in adults with primary mitochondrial diseases are unknown.

Methods: Based on the database of the "Nation-wide Italian Collaborative Network of Mitochondrial Diseases", we reviewed the clinical, genetic, neuroimaging and neurophysiological data of adult patients with primary mitochondrial diseases (n = 764) where ataxia, myoclonus or other movement disorders were part of the clinical phenotype.

Results: Ataxia, myoclonus and movement disorders were present in 105/764 adults (13.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to explore how traditional stroke risk factors affect the likelihood of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) based on age.
  • Researchers conducted a case-control analysis involving 3,492 ICH patients and an equal number of stroke-free controls from a multi-center study in Italy.
  • Results indicated that untreated hypertension significantly increases ICH risk more in younger individuals, while untreated hypercholesterolemia's impact decreases with age; untreated diabetes and high alcohol intake were only risky for older adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive degenerative disorder of the central and autonomic nervous systems characterized by parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, dysautonomia, and pyramidal signs. The confirmatory diagnosis is pathological, but clinical-diagnostic criteria have been developed to help clinicians. To date, the early diagnosis of MSA is challenging due to the lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Retina and melanopsin neurons.

Handb Clin Neurol

July 2021

Department of Ophthalmology, Doheny Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) are the third class of retinal photoreceptors with unique anatomical, electrophysiological, and biological features. There are different mRGC subtypes with differential projections to the brain. These cells contribute to many nonimage-forming functions of the eye, the most relevant being the photoentrainment of circadian rhythms through the projections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A higher frequency of motor and breathing sleep-related disorders in multiple system atrophy (MSA) populations is reported. REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is one of the most robust markers of an underlying alpha-synucleinopathy. Although a large corpus of literature documented the higher prevalence of RBD in MSA, few studies have systematically investigated the prevalence of RBD as mode of disease onset and its role in disease progression.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: A Report on Novel mtDNA Pathogenic Variants.

Front Neurol

June 2021

Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is due to missense point mutations affecting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); 90% of cases harbor the m.3460G>A, m.11778G>A, and m.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Narcolepsy is a rare sleep disorder believed to be autoimmune, demanding ongoing treatment, and this paper offers guidelines for managing the condition in both adults and children.
  • A task force of 18 specialists evaluated over 10,000 references to create evidence-based recommendations, which include treatment options like scheduled naps and medications such as modafinil and sodium oxybate.
  • The guidelines emphasize personalized treatment based on individual symptoms and circumstances, highlighting the importance of both non-drug and drug approaches in managing narcolepsy effectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Narcolepsy is a rare disorder often requiring lifelong treatment, and this paper provides evidence-based guidelines for managing the condition in both adults and children.
  • A task force of narcolepsy specialists used systematic literature reviews to develop recommendations for treating symptoms like excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and cataplexy, focusing on different medication options and strategies.
  • The guidelines emphasize tailored treatment plans based on individual symptoms, comorbidities, and drug interaction risks, reflecting an increasing range of effective treatments available for narcolepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Differential diagnosis between primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) could be difficult if based on clinical grounds alone. We evaluated the combination of proton MR spectroscopy of posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and quantitative structural imaging asymmetries to differentiate PPA from AD patients. A greater left-lateralized temporo-parietal atrophy (higher accuracy for the PCC, 81.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: In relaxed adults, staying in quiet wakefulness at eyes closed is related to the so-called resting state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms, showing the highest amplitude in posterior areas at alpha frequencies (8-13 Hz).

Objective: Here we tested the hypothesis that age may affect rsEEG alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms recorded in normal elderly (Nold) seniors and patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI).

Methods: Clinical and rsEEG datasets in 63 ADMCI and 60 Nold individuals (matched for demography, education, and gender) were taken from an international archive.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

COVID-19 and epilepsy: How are people with epilepsy in Brazil?

Epilepsy Behav

September 2021

Associação Brasileira de Epilepsia, São Paulo, Brazil; Divisão de Clínica Neurológica, HC-FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Purpose: During COVID-19 pandemic the global population is facing an important psychosocial distress. The aim of this study was to evaluate how people with epilepsy (PWE) in Brazil is dealing with the pandemic, in relation to seizure frequency, access to antiseizure medicines (ASM), medical follow-up, and well-being.

Methods: An online questionnaire survey among PWE (group 1) and caregivers (group 2) was applied in the social networks of the Brazilian Association of Epilepsy, the official Brazilian chapter of the International Bureau for Epilepsy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This work aimed to compare the evolution of visual outcomes in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) patients treated with intravitreal gene therapy to the spontaneous evolution in prior natural history (NH) studies. A combined analysis of two phase three randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled studies (REVERSE and RESCUE) and their joint long-term extension trial (CLIN06) evaluated the efficacy of rAAV2/2- vs. 11 pooled NH studies used as an external control.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Aims: No consensus exists on how aggressively to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) nor on the timing of the treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate disability trajectories in RRMS patients treated with an early intensive treatment (EIT) or with a moderate-efficacy treatment followed by escalation to higher-efficacy disease modifying therapy (ESC).

Methods: RRMS patients with ⩾5-year follow-up and ⩾3 visits after disease modifying therapy (DMT) start were selected from the Italian MS Registry.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Detection of movement related cortical potentials in freehand drawing on digital tablet.

J Neurosci Methods

August 2021

Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno Infantili (DINOGMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Largo Daneo 3, 16132, Genova, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: Cortical activity connected to movements has been investigated long since, and is related, among other factors, to saliency of the gesture. However, experiments performed on movements in actual situations are rare, as most of them have been performed in laboratory simulations. Besides, no research seems to have been carried out on subjects during freehand drawing.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Movement disorders are increasingly being recognized as a manifestation of childhood-onset mitochondrial diseases (MDs). However, the spectrum and characteristics of these conditions have not been studied in detail in the context of a well-defined cohort of patients. We retrospectively explored a cohort of individuals with childhood-onset MDs querying the Nationwide Italian Collaborative Network of Mitochondrial Diseases database.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Clinical Reasoning: A 79-Year-Old Woman With Subacute Bilateral Visual Loss.

Neurology

September 2021

From the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM) (S.R., U.P., P.C.), University of Bologna; and IRCCS Istituto Scienze Neurologiche Bologna (G.A., R.D., R.R., M.G., P.C.), Clinica Neurologica Rete Metropolitana, Italy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Family caregivers of patients with dementia are at high risk of stress and burden, and quarantine due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have increased the risk of psychological disturbances in this population. The current study was carried out during the national lockdown declared in March 2020 by the Italian government as a containment measure of the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic and is the first nationwide survey on the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the mental health of dementia informal caregivers. Eighty-seven dementia centers evenly distributed on the Italian territory enrolled 4,710 caregiver-patient pairs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Despite that it is commonly accepted that migraine is a disorder of the nervous system with a prominent genetic basis, it is comorbid with a plethora of medical conditions. Several studies have found bidirectional comorbidity between migraine and different disorders including neurological, psychiatric, cardio- and cerebrovascular, gastrointestinal, metaboloendocrine, and immunological conditions. Each of these has its own genetic load and shares some common characteristics with migraine.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Brain MRS correlates with mitochondrial dysfunction biomarkers in MELAS-associated mtDNA mutations.

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

June 2021

IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, Bologna, Italy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate correlations between brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( H-MRS) findings with serum biomarkers and heteroplasmy of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. This study enrolled patients carrying mtDNA mutations associated with Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and MELAS-Spectrum Syndrome (MSS).

Methods: Consecutive patients carrying mtDNA mutations associated with MELAS and MSS were recruited and their serum concentrations of lactate, alanine, and heteroplasmic mtDNA mutant load were evaluated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background/objectives: REALITY is an international observational retrospective registry of LHON patients evaluating the visual course and outcome in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).

Subjects/methods: Demographics and visual function data were collected from medical charts of LHON patients with visual loss. The study was conducted in 11 study centres in the United States of America and Europe.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area (EPIA) and Global Brain Consortium endorsed recommendations on candidate electroencephalography (EEG) measures for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials. The Panel reviewed the field literature. As most consistent findings, AD patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia showed abnormalities in peak frequency, power, and "interrelatedness" at posterior alpha (8-12 Hz) and widespread delta (< 4 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) rhythms in relation to disease progression and interventions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Vascular contribution to cognitive impairment (VCI) and dementia is related to etiologies that may affect the neurophysiological mechanisms regulating brain arousal and generating electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. A multidisciplinary expert panel reviewed the clinical literature and reached consensus about the EEG measures consistently found as abnormal in VCI patients with dementia. As compared to cognitively unimpaired individuals, those VCI patients showed (1) smaller amplitude of resting state alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms dominant in posterior regions; (2) widespread increases in amplitude of delta (< 4 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) rhythms; and (3) delayed N200/P300 peak latencies in averaged event-related potentials, especially during the detection of auditory rare target stimuli requiring participants' responses in "oddball" paradigms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF