[Biomarkers and Bone Turnover Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease - Mineral and Bone Disorders (CKD-MBD): Recent Advances].

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) provokes biochemical and systemic alterations, causing bone fragility with an increase in bone fracture risk, extraskeletal calcifications, increased morbidity, and cardiovascular mortality. The complex pathophysiological mechanism causes a syndrome called CKD-MBD (Chronic Kidney Disease - Mineral and Bone Disorders), which includes mineral and bone alterations leading to renal osteodystrophy (ROD). An early diagnosis is therefore essential to prevent the onset of more severe complications.

Possible role of bone turnover markers in the diagnosis of adult hypophosphatasia.

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare disorder of the bone metabolism, characterized by genetically determined low alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Low ALP may also be observed in some common causes of bone fragility, such as in osteoporosis treated with antiresorptive drugs. This study aimed to verify whether differences in bone turnover markers (BTMs) could help differentiate adult patients with HPP from those with osteoporosis undergoing antiresorptive treatment.

Sex-related differences in vitamin D testing in the Veneto Region, Italy: a retrospective analysis from 2005 to 2016.

Unlabelled: A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the frequency of vitamin D blood testing in individuals from the Padua province, Veneto, Italy from 2005 to 2016. A significant increase in the frequency of vitamin D blood tests, particularly in females was observed and in individuals with severe vitamin D deficiency (Class I).

Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to negative health outcomes that extend beyond bone-related conditions.

Incidental Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm Found During Appendectomy in a 15-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report.

Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) are rare gastrointestinal tumors, often underdiagnosed due to their variable presentation. Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) are particularly significant because of their association with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), a condition that increases the risk of abdominal recurrence. This report presents the case of a 15-year-old female with no prior medical history who developed nonspecific abdominal symptoms.

Effect of nebivolol monotherapy or combination therapy on blood pressure levels in patients with hypertension: an updated systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of 91 randomized controlled trials.

Aims: To systematically appraise and summarize the available evidence from published randomized controlled trials considering the effect of nebivolol on blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

Methods: Literature search was performed through Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library and Scopus until December 15, 2023. Double-independent study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed.

The Abdominal Adiposity Index (A Body Shape Index) Predicts 10-Year All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Active Non-Obese Subjects.

: A Body Shape Index (ABSI), which accounts for waist circumference relative to mass and height, shows a robust association with mortality risk. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of ABSI as a predictor of 10-year all-cause mortality in physically active, non-obese elderly individuals. : This prospective cohort study included 159 volunteers (94 women, aged 60-80 years), recruited in the frame of the "Physical Activity and Nutrition for Great Ageing" (PANGeA) Cross-border Cooperation Program Slovenia-Italy 2007-2013, and followed for 10 years.

Trp53 Deletion Promotes Exacerbated Colitis, Facilitates Lgr5+ Cancer Stem Cell Expansion, and Fuels Tumorigenesis in AOM/DSS-Induced Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer CRC remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with chronic intestinal inflammation identified as a major risk factor. Notably, the tumor suppressor undergoes mutation at higher rates and earlier stages during human inflammation-driven colon tumorigenesis than in sporadic cases. We investigated whether deleting affects inflammation-induced tumor growth and the expression of Lgr5+ cancer stem cells in mice.

Prognostic Evaluation of Chagasic and Non-Chagasic Patients Undergoing Pacemaker Implantation and Cardiac Resynchronization in a Tertiary Center.

Background: Chagas cardiomyopathy (ChCC) is one of the causes of the implantation of pacemakers (PM) in many patients and has been associated with an adverse prognosis.

Objectives: To compare the prognosis of the chagasic and non-chagasic populations undergoing PM and cardiac resynchronizer implantation.

Methods: Observational, retrospective study, which analyzed a cohort of patients who underwent implantation of these devices, in a tertiary center, from October 2007 to December 2017, comparing the chagasic group with non-chagasic patients.

Insights from a Wolfram syndrome cohort: clinical and molecular findings from a specialized diabetes reference center.

Objective: Considering the rarity and clinical and molecular diversity of Wolfram syndrome (WS), the objective of this study was to identify patients with a clinical presentation suggestive of WS following up at a single Brazilian diabetes service and analyze their clinical and molecular characteristics.

Subjects And Methods: The study included all patients with a clinical presentation of WS following up between 1991 and 2022 with early-onset diabetes mellitus and other WS signs and symptoms. A retrospective analysis was conducted, including patients' age, sex, consanguinity, age at symptom onset, diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, diabetes insipidus, neurological and psychiatric disorders, hearing loss, urinary disorders, hypogonadism, and molecular analysis.

Stereotactic radiotherapy as a valuable therapeutic procedure for controlling aldosterone-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma.

Aldosterone-secreting adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are rare and usually present as large tumors. The only potentially curative treatment for ACC is surgical resection. However, surgery may be unfeasible in some patients who have multiple comorbidities or decline the procedure.

Significance of Immune and Non-Immune Cell Stroma as a Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-From Inflammation to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer as well as the most prevalent cause of death in the adult patient population with cirrhosis. The occurrence of HCC is primarily caused by chronic liver inflammation that might occur because of a viral infection, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or various lifestyle-associated factors. The objective of this review was to summarize the current knowledge regarding the microenvironment of HCC, indicating how immune- and non-immune-cell stroma might affect the onset and progression of HCC.

[Pancreatic tuberculosis].

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is currently considered a public health problem due to the socioeconomic conditions of the world population and the increase in other infections such as that due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Pulmonary involvement is the most common form of clinical presentation, although in recent decades extrapulmonary involvement has increased.

Effectiveness and safety of the recombinant herpes zoster vaccine in different population groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Varicella-zoster virus infections have increased globally, with complications such as postherpetic neuralgia and neurological sequelae. The recombinant vaccine against herpes zoster is proposed as a preventive strategy. This systematic review evaluates its effectiveness and safety in healthy and high-risk populations.