581,111 results match your criteria: "Clinic of Radiology; Weill Medical College of Cornell University[Affiliation]"

Background: Pediatric ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous liver biopsy is a commonly performed procedure in children, and may be performed in a variety of clinical settings. However, there is little research on the relative costs associated with different sedation methods and locations.

Objective: This study uses time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to identify relevant costs associated with different biopsy sedation techniques and locations to help inform providers and patients as well as guide value-conscious care.

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In a previous preliminary study, radiomic features from the largest and the hottest lesion in baseline F-FDG PET/CT (bPET/CT) of classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma (cHL) predicted early response-to-treatment and prognosis. Aim of this large retrospectively-validated study is to evaluate the predictive role of two-lesions radiomics in comparison with other clinical and conventional PET/CT models. cHL patients with bPET/CT between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively included and randomized into training-validation sets.

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Background: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in evaluating complications after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with CBD stones and underwent ERCP from December 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects. According to whether postoperative complications occurred, they were divided into complication group (n = 28) and non-complication group (n = 132).

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Deep Learning to Simulate Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Evaluating Suspected Prostate Cancer.

Radiology

January 2025

From the Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Taoyuan Rd No. 89, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China (H.H., Z.D., Y.Q.); Medical AI Laboratory and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China (J.M., R.L., B.H.); Department of Medical Imaging, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.P., Y.Z.); and Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (D.Z., G.H.).

Background Multiparametric MRI, including contrast-enhanced sequences, is recommended for evaluating suspected prostate cancer, but concerns have been raised regarding potential contrast agent accumulation and toxicity. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of generating simulated contrast-enhanced MRI from noncontrast MRI sequences using deep learning and to explore their potential value for assessing clinically significant prostate cancer using Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1.

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A Machine Learning Model Using Cardiac CT and MRI Data Predicts Cardiovascular Events in Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Radiology

January 2025

From the Department of Cardiology (T.P., K.H., T.G., A.L., E.G., A.U., J.G.D., P.H.), MIRACL.ai (Multimodality Imaging for Research and Analysis Core Laboratory: and Artificial Intelligence) (T.P., S.T., K.H., T.G., A.L., E.G., A.U., J.G.D., P.H.), Inserm MASCOT-UMRS 942 (T.P., K.H., T.A.S., T.G., A.L., E.G., A.U., J.G.D., P.H.), and Department of Radiology (T.P., V.B., L.H., T.G.), Université Paris Cité, University Hospital of Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Laboratory (T.P., T.H., T.U., F.S., S.C., P.G., J.G.) and Cardiac Computed Tomography Laboratory (T.P., T.H., T.L., B.C., T.U., F.S., S.C., H.B., A.N., M.A., P.G., J.G.), Hôpital Privé Jacques Cartier, Institut Cardiovasculaire Paris Sud, Ramsay Santé, 6 Avenue du Noyer Lambert, 91300 Massy, France; Scientific Partnerships, Siemens Healthcare France, Saint-Denis, France (S.T.); Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles-Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium (A.U.); and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, American Hospital of Paris, Neuilly, France (O.V., M.S.).

Background Multimodality imaging is essential for personalized prognostic stratification in suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Machine learning (ML) methods can help address this complexity by incorporating a broader spectrum of variables. Purpose To investigate the performance of an ML model that uses both stress cardiac MRI and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) data to predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with newly diagnosed CAD.

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Background Large-scale secondary use of clinical databases requires automated tools for retrospective extraction of structured content from free-text radiology reports. Purpose To share data and insights on the application of privacy-preserving open-weights large language models (LLMs) for reporting content extraction with comparison to standard rule-based systems and the closed-weights LLMs from OpenAI. Materials and Methods In this retrospective exploratory study conducted between May 2024 and September 2024, zero-shot prompting of 17 open-weights LLMs was preformed.

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Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests: State of the Art and Implications for Radiologists.

Radiology

January 2025

From the Departments of Radiology and Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (S.K.K.); Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Wash (R.G.); Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (N.M., C.H.); Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY (C.H., E.B.E.); and Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (E.B.E.).

Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests are already being marketed as noninvasive, convenient opportunities to test for multiple cancer types with a single blood sample. The technology varies-involving detection of circulating tumor DNA, fragments of DNA, RNA, or proteins unique to each targeted cancer. The priorities and tradeoffs of reaching diagnostic resolution in the setting of possible false positives and negatives remain under active study.

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Background: Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of meningioma progression and innovations in systemic and local treatments, recurrent meningiomas remain a substantial therapeutic challenge. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide a historical baseline, contemporary analysis, and propose a "rate of probable interest" to inform future clinical trial design and development on behalf of the RANO meningioma group.

Methods: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.

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Objective: To assess the state of endodontic practices and identify factors influencing the use of modern endodontic techniques among dental practitioners in Croatia.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to all dental offices in Croatia, yielding 819 responses (27% response rate). Data were descriptively analyzed and statistically modeled.

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Polyarteritis nodosa with life-threatening intracranial aneurysms in a child, and treatment with infliximab.

Turk J Pediatr

December 2024

Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.

Background: Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare and serious form of systemic necrotizing vasculitis that predominantly affects medium and small-sized arteries, with central nervous system involvement being particularly uncommon. Treatment strategies are tailored according to the extent and severity of the disease. While conventional therapy includes glucocorticoids and conventional disease-modifying-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs), biologic agents may be critical for severe and refractory cases.

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AAPM Truth-based CT (TrueCT) reconstruction grand challenge.

Med Phys

January 2025

Center for Virtual Imaging Trial, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Background: This Special Report summarizes the 2022, AAPM grand challenge on Truth-based CT image reconstruction.

Purpose: To provide an objective framework for evaluating CT reconstruction methods using virtual imaging resources consisting of a library of simulated CT projection images of a population of human models with various diseases.

Methods: Two hundred unique anthropomorphic, computational models were created with varied diseases consisting of 67 emphysema, 67 lung lesions, and 66 liver lesions.

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Myotonic Dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is a multisystem disease affecting many tissues, including skeletal muscle, heart, and brain. DM2 is caused by unstable expansion of CCTG repeats in an intron 1 of a gene coding for cellular nuclear binding protein (CNBP). The expanded CCTG repeats cause DM2 pathology due to the accumulation of RNA CCUG repeats, which affect RNA processing in patients' cells.

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Usefulness of Myelin Quantification Using Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Predicting Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Stroke

January 2025

Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan (M.T., T.N., S.A., H.M.).

Background: Synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an innovative MRI technology that enables the acquisition of multiple quantitative values, including T1 and T2 values, proton density, and myelin volume, in a single scan. Although the usefulness of myelin measurement with synthetic MRI has been reported for assessing several diseases, investigations in patients with stroke have not been reported. We aimed to explore the utility of myelin quantification using synthetic MRI in predicting outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

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Background: Cervical cancer is considered one of the most common gynecological malignancies with an increased incidence in developing countries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a valuable role in staging cervical cancer and providing valuable information necessary for selecting the appropriate treatment plan, while closely correlating with the prognosis of the patient.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the preoperative loco-regional staging of cervical carcinoma.

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Objective: Previous studies on the efficacy of methotrexate in people with hand osteoarthritis (OA) have shown conflicting results. The MERINO trial aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of methotrexate in people with painful inflammatory erosive hand OA.

Design: In total 163 participants with erosive hand OA, synovitis by ultrasound, and finger joint pain of 40-80 ​mm on a visual analogue scale (VAS) will be recruited from a rheumatology outpatient clinic.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate how dynamic contrast-enhanced CT imaging signs correlate with the differentiation grade and microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to assess their predictive value for MVI when combined with clinical characteristics.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 232 patients diagnosed with HCC at our hospital between 2021 and 2022. All patients underwent preoperative enhanced CT scans, laboratory tests, and postoperative pathological examinations.

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Cardiovascular and respiratory alterations during anesthesia are of major concern in canines. Thus, it is essential to understand the potential depressant effects of anesthetic drugs on cardio-vascular system; so that, anesthetic procedures are conducted in the best possible way. The objective of the study was to assess and compare the echocardiographic indices during dex-medetomidine and midazolam anesthesia in dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy.

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Medication related osteonecrosis (MRONJ) in the management of CTIBL in breast and prostate cancer patients. Joint report by SIPMO AND SIOMMMS.

J Bone Oncol

February 2025

Unit of Oral Medicine and Dentistry for Frail Patients, Department of Rehabilitation, Fragility, and Continuity of Care, Regional Center for Research and Care of MRONJ, University Hospital Palermo, Palermo, PA, Italy.

Background: Low-doses of bone modifying agents (LD-BMAs) compared to those used to treat bone metastases are used in breast or prostate cancer patients on adjuvant endocrine therapy to prevent Cancer Treatment Induced Bone Loss (CTIBL). Their use is associated with an increased risk of developing Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ). However, there is not clarity about strategies aimed to minimize the MRONJ risk in cancer patients at different conditions as low- vs high-doses of BMA.

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The clinical presentation and epidemiology of infective endocarditis (IE) have evolved over time. While the cornerstones of IE treatment remain antimicrobial therapy and surgery, percutaneous mechanical aspiration (PMA) has emerged as an option for carefully selected patients as a complementary modality, based on retrospective data, case series, and expert experience. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the proceedings from an inaugural summit dedicated to the discussion of PMA in the global management of IE, consisting of experts across multiple disciplines from diverse geographic regions and care environments.

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This case series highlights the diverse presentations of seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, including the absence of optic neuritis despite anti-aquaporin 4 antibody positivity. It emphasizes the importance of high index of suspicion, early neurologist referral for improved outcomes, the consequences of delayed referral, and the challenges and treatment potential in low-income countries with limited resources.

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Introduction: The present article describes the processed data generated in a qualitative interview study and template analysis. Many women find the experience of being recalled and receiving a false-positive breast screening test result to be distressing. The interview study aimed to understand breast screening healthcare professionals' (HCPs) experiences of providing care during the recall process and when receiving false-positive screening test results, including their communication with women around false-positive screening test results.

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To predict local progression after microwave ablation (MWA) in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we developed a CT-based radiomics model. Postoperative CT images were used. The intraclass correlation coefficients, two-sample t-test, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and Pearson correlation analysis were applied to select radiomics features and establish radiomics score.

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Spontaneous cervical swelling syndrome is an uncommon clinical syndrome characterized by the sudden onset of swelling in the cervical region with no identifiable cause. A 47-year-old woman with a history of Iron Deficiency Anemia presented to the emergency department (ED) complaining of an acute left neck and upper chest swelling and pressure sensation in her neck. The swelling started suddenly and was growing rapidly over several hours.

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Kartagener syndrome is a rare ciliopathic genetic disorder characterized by a triad of chronic sinusitis, situs inversus, and bronchiectasis. The underlying pathophysiology involves reduced ciliary motility due to defects in ciliary structure and function within the respiratory tract and fallopian tubes. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, and echocardiograms, which reveal the abnormal orientation of the heart and other organs.

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