The increased detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia when using a second biopsy at colposcopy.

Objective: It has been suggested that colposcopy can miss a significant percentage of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+). Improved disease ascertainment was evaluated by taking multiple lesion-directed biopsies.

Methods: In a cross-sectional multicenter study in the Netherlands and Spain, 610 women referred to colposcopy following abnormal cervical cytology results were included.

mRNA biomarker detection in liquid-based cytology: a new approach in the prevention of cervical cancer.

Several high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cell biomarkers have been proposed as possible candidates to identify patients harboring high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) of the uterine cervix. We aimed to determine the feasibility of the detection of the mRNA of six biomarkers in cervical smear specimens obtained by liquid-based cytology and to evaluate whether this approach might be useful in the identification of patients with HSIL. One-hundred and twenty three women referred to colposcopy in the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona were included in the study.

The influence of maternal smoking habits before pregnancy and antioxidative supplementation during pregnancy on oxidative stress status in a non-complicated pregnancy.

Background: As a physiological condition closely linked with increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, pregnancy can be further compromised by cigarette smoking. Inadequate nutrition and reduced intake of antioxidants can also disrupt the prooxidant/antioxidant relationship and contribute to oxidative stress. Increased oxidative stress during pregnancy may be involved in several complications of pregnancy, such as preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia and miscarriage.

A first-in-human study of PDC31 (prostaglandin F2α receptor inhibitor) in primary dysmenorrhea.

Study Question: What is the safe and pharmacodynamically active dose range for PDC31 (prostaglandin F2α receptor inhibitor) in patients with primary dysmenorrhea (PD)?

Summary Answer: The 1 mg/kg/h dose of PDC31 appears to be safe and potentially effective in reducing intrauterine pressure (IUP) and pain associated with excessive uterine contractility when given as a 3-h infusion in patients with PD.

What Is Known Already: PDC31 has previously been shown to reduce the duration and strength of PGF2α-induced contractions in human uterine myometrial strip models and to delay delivery in animal models of preterm labor.

Study Design, Size, Duration: This was a prospective, multi-center, dose-escalating first-in-human Phase I study conducted from March 2011 to June 2012.

Effect of cigarette smoking in pregnancy on infants anthropometric characteristics.

Aim: The main goal of this research is to correlate anthropometric characteristics of newborns in pregnant women who consume cigarettes during pregnancy. The study was conducted at the Obstetrics Clinic of the Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo.

Methods: The retrospective study covered a period of two years.

The influence of selected ingredients of dietary supplements on skin condition.

Introduction and aim of the article. Healthy skin is an excellent barrier maintaining balance between the internal and external environment of the body. Because it is constantly changing as a result of, on the one hand, environmental factors and, on the other hand, the process associated with skin aging, it requires many nutrients and minerals that help maintain its homeostasis.

Changes in serum levels of miR-21, miR-210, and miR-373 in HER2-positive breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy: a translational research project within the Geparquinto trial.

Trastuzumab and lapatinib are established treatments for patients with HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)-positive breast cancer with different mechanisms of action. The focus of this study is to investigate, whether altered expression levels of potentially relevant microRNAs (miRs) in serum are associated with response to trastuzumab or lapatinib. Circulating miR-21, miR-210, and miR-373 were quantified with TaqMan MicroRNA assays in serum of 127 HER2-postive breast cancer patients before and after neoadjuvant therapy and in 19 healthy controls.

Correlation between oxidative stress and G6PD activity in neonatal jaundice.

Fetal distress represents a pathophysiological condition in which oxygen is not available to the fetus in sufficient quantities. In cases of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, under conditions of oxidative stress, the residual G6PD and complimentary antioxidant mechanisms may become insufficient to neutralize the large amounts of ROS and to prevent severe hemolysis. Alteration in the oxidant-antioxidant profile is also known to occur in neonatal jaundice.

Circulating cell-free cancer-testis MAGE-A RNA, BORIS RNA, let-7b and miR-202 in the blood of patients with breast cancer and benign breast diseases.

Background: MAGE-A (melanoma-associated antigen-A) are promising targets for specific immunotherapy and their expression may be induced by the epigenetic factor BORIS.

Methods: To determine their relevance for breast cancer, we quantified the levels of MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A12 and BORIS mRNA, as well as microRNAs let-7b and miR-202 in pre- and postoperative serum of 102 and 34 breast cancer patients, respectively, and in serum of 26 patients with benign breast diseases and 37 healthy women by real-time PCR. The mean follow-up time of the cancer patients was 6.

Paraoxonase 1 activity and phenotype distribution in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Introduction: Postmenopausal women have higher risk of cardiovascular disease. One of the contributing factors could be reduced activity of anti-atherogenic enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1). The aim of this study was to examine differences in the lipid status, paraoxonase and arylesterase PON1 activities and PON1 phenotype in women with regular menstrual cycle and in postmenopausal women.

Novel prognostic markers revealed by a proteomic approach separating benign from malignant insulinomas.

The prognosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors is related to size, histology and proliferation rate. However, this stratification needs to be refined further. We conducted a proteome study on insulinomas, a well-defined pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor entity, in order to identify proteins that can be used as biomarkers for malignancy.

Genetic variation at CYP3A is associated with age at menarche and breast cancer risk: a case-control study.

Introduction: We have previously shown that a tag single nucleotide polymorphism (rs10235235), which maps to the CYP3A locus (7q22.1), was associated with a reduction in premenopausal urinary estrone glucuronide levels and a modest reduction in risk of breast cancer in women age ≤50 years.

Methods: We further investigated the association of rs10235235 with breast cancer risk in a large case control study of 47,346 cases and 47,570 controls from 52 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.

A successful cesarean section in a pregnant woman with A (H1N1) influenza requiring ECMO support.

A 24-year-old pregnant woman (29.4 weeks of gestation) with A (H1N1) influenza-associated adult respiratory distress syndrome was admitted to the intensive care unit. The patient was connected to femoral-jugular veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) 8 hours after admission.

Correlation between histological signs of placental underperfusion and perinatal morbidity in late-onset small-for-gestational-age fetuses.

Objective: To investigate whether signs of placental underperfusion (PUP), defined as any maternal and/or fetal vascular pathology, confer an increased risk of neonatal morbidity in late-onset small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses with normal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler indices.

Methods: A cohort of 126 SGA singleton fetuses with normal UA Doppler indices that were delivered after 34 weeks' gestation was studied. For each case, the placenta was evaluated histologically for signs of PUP using a hierarchical and standardized classification system.

Immune humanization of immunodeficient mice using diagnostic bone marrow aspirates from carcinoma patients.

Tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice, while routinely used in cancer research, preclude studying interactions of immune and cancer cells or, if humanized by allogeneic immune cells, are of limited use for tumor-immunological questions. Here, we explore a novel way to generate cancer models with an autologous humanized immune system. We demonstrate that hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from bone marrow aspirates of non-metastasized carcinoma patients, which are taken at specialized centers for diagnostic purposes, can be used to generate a human immune system in NOD-scid IL2rγ(null) (NSG) and HLA-I expressing NSG mice (NSG-HLA-A2/HHD) comprising both, lymphoid and myeloid cell lineages.

Cervical length measured by transvaginal ultrasonography and cervicovaginal infection as predictor of preterm birth risk.

Introduction: The study shows possibilities of transvaginal sonographic measurement of the cervix in prediction of premature birth risk.

Goals: The aim of the study was to follow up the cervical length in the pregnant from 16(th) to 37(th) week, as well as to do a microbiological analysis of the vaginal and cervical flora and to identify relation between the cervical shortening and microbiological flora as well as with a premature birth.

Material And Methods: The investigation was conducted as a prospective study on two groups of female patients in Clinical Centre of Banja Luka.

Usefulness of circulating microRNAs for the prediction of early preeclampsia at first-trimester of pregnancy.

To assess the usefulness of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as non-invasive molecular biomarkers for early prediction of preeclampsia, a differential miRNA profiling analysis was performed in first-trimester pooled sera from 31 early preeclampsia patients, requiring delivery before 34 weeks of gestation, and 44 uncomplicated pregnancies using microfluidic arrays. Among a total of 754 miRNAs analyzed, the presence of 63 miRNAs (8%) was consistently documented in the sera from preeclampsia and control samples. Nevertheless, only 15 amplified miRNAs (2%) seemed to be differentially, although modestly, represented (fold change range: 0.

Two cases of successful pregnancies after hysteroscopic removal of endometrioid adenocarcinoma grade I, stage IA, in young women with Lynch syndrome.

We present two cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma grade I, FIGO IA (staging according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) in young women, diagnosed within endometrial polyps. Both patients underwent repeated hysteroscopies and multiple biopsies after initial treatment to medroxyprogesterone one 400 mg daily or the insertion of IUD-LND (intrauterine device-levonorgestrel) for three months. In both of them, all histological samples were negative.

Endocan is useful biomarker of survival and severity in sepsis.

Introduction: Coagulation abnormalities which occur as a consequence of endothelial changes are recognized as diagnostic criteria for sepsis, but significance of these changes in the outcome prognosis and prediction of the course of sepsis is still not accurately defined.

Materials And Methods: 60 patients who fulfilled the criteria for diagnosis of sepsis were included in our study. Patients were categorized in two groups according to sepsis severity and organ failure and MODS development was assessed in the first 48 h from ICU admission.

Incidence of cesarean section at the department of gynecology and obstetrics of hospital in travnik during 2012.

Introduction: Caesarean section is obstetrical surgery by which through incision of the abdominal wall and the lower uterine segment performs extraction of the fetus in the advanced stages of pregnancy and childbirth ends by abdominal myomectomy. Because of its significance it is one of the most important surgical procedures performed in gynecology and obstetrics.

Material And Methods: The goal of this study is to show the incidence of cesarean section in the Public Hospital in Travnik during 2012, and the most frequent indications for surgical completion of delivery.

Immune and stress mediators in response to bilateral adnexectomy: comparison of single-port access and conventional laparoscopy in a porcine model.

Study Objective: To evaluate systemic markers of immune and stress responses after bilateral adnexectomy performed using 2 different laparoscopic techniques in pigs.

Design: Prospective comparative study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: University teaching hospital, research hospital, and tertiary care center.

Association of Doppler parameters with placental signs of underperfusion in late-onset small-for-gestational-age pregnancies.

Objective: To elucidate the association between Doppler parameters and histological signs of placental underperfusion in late-onset small-for-gestational-age (SGA) babies.

Methods: Umbilical, fetal middle cerebral and uterine artery pulsatility indices and umbilical vein blood flow (UVBF), which had been recorded within 7 days prior to delivery, were analyzed from a cohort of SGA singleton pregnancies delivered after 34 weeks' gestation and confirmed as having a birth weight < 10(th) percentile by local standards. In each case, the placenta was histologically evaluated for signs of placental underperfusion using a hierarchical and standardized classification system.

Frequent translocations of 11q13.2 and 19p13.2 in ovarian cancer.

Aberrations of chromosome arm 19p in ovarian cancer were first described decades ago and have been confirmed in recent publications, which have focused on chromosome 11 as a translocation partner. Recently, genetic analysis of the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 revealed a rearrangement described as der(19)t(11;19)(q13.2;p13.

Neurodevelopmental outcomes of near-term small-for-gestational-age infants with and without signs of placental underperfusion.

Objective: To evaluate 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes of near-term, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns segregated by presence or absence of histopathology reflecting placental underperfusion (PUP).

Patients And Methods: A cohort of consecutive near-term (≥ 34.0 weeks) SGA newborns with normal prenatal umbilical artery Doppler studies was selected.

Treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas: an experience of 30 cases.

Background: Vesicovaginal fistulas (VVF) are rare. In developed countries, the majority of vesicovaginal fistulas occur after gynecological procedures such as total hysterectomies.

Objective: The evaluation of successfulness of VVF surgical repairs with transvesical, transvaginal and transabdominal approach with omental flap in 30 patients.