The Temporomandibular Joint and the Human Body: A New Perspective on Cross Talk.

As a unique joint that facilitates the articulation of the upper and lower jaws, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is concerned with several critical functions, such as speech and mastication. Pain that can become incapacitating is a result of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), which are complex disorders affecting the masticatory muscles and the TMJ. Several anomalies and TMDs have an interdisciplinary relationship.

A two-stage deep-learning model for determination of the contact of mandibular third molars with the mandibular canal on panoramic radiographs.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of a two-stage deep learning (DL) model for (1) detecting mandibular third molars (MTMs) and the mandibular canal (MC), and (2) classifying the anatomical relationship between these structures (contact/no contact) on panoramic radiographs.

Method: MTMs and MCs were labeled on panoramic radiographs by a calibrated examiner using bounding boxes. Each bounding box contained MTM and MC on one side.

Does Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin Combined With Autogenous Demineralized Dentine Enhance Alveolar Ridge Preservation? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The present trial evaluated the first-time application of autogenous demineralized dentin graft with injectable platelet-rich fibrin (ADDG + i-PRF) versus autogenous demineralized dentin graft (ADDG), in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in the maxillary aesthetic zone.

Material And Methods: Twenty-two maxillary (n = 22) non-molar teeth indicated for extraction were randomized into two groups (n = 11/group). Extracted teeth were prepared into ADDG, implanted into extraction sockets with or without i-PRF amalgamation and covered by collagen sponge.

Area-Level Factors of Dental Caries in Children and Adolescents in European Neighborhoods - a Systematic Review.

The WHO emphasizes the importance of taking area-level factors into account when formulating public health interventions. The aim of this systematic review was to identify which area-level factors are associated with children's dental caries in Europe and might therefore be a suitable starting point for public health interventions. We conducted a systematic review based on a search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library including all European studies on caries in children and their area-level factors published since the year 2000 in English or German.

Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Learnings from the EU AI Act.

Artificial intelligence systems (AISs) gain relevance in dentistry, encompassing diagnostics, treatment planning, patient management, and therapy. However, questions about the generalizability, fairness, and transparency of these systems remain. Regulatory and governance bodies worldwide are aiming to address these questions using various frameworks.

Modified minimally invasive surgical technique with clindamycin-augmented or non-augmented platelet-rich fibrin in periodontal regeneration: A randomized clinical trial.

Aim: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF), a second-generation platelet concentrate, is widely used to enhance soft and hard tissue healing alone or in combination with biomaterials, relying on its harboring of various pivotal growth/differentiation factors. This randomized trial assessed the effect of clindamycin (CLN) augmented injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) with modified minimally invasive surgical technique (M-MIST) versus I-PRF alone with M-MIST on the clinical and radiographic parameters in the management of periodontal intra-bony defects in patients with stage-III grade B periodontitis.

Methods: This is a 9-month parallel-grouped, two arm, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT) that included 28 patients (n = 28) with stage-III grade B periodontitis, who were allocated randomly to test- (CLN/I-PRF + M-MIST, 50 μL of CLN per 1 mL of I-PRF; n = 14) or control-group (I-PRF + M-MIST; n = 14).

Core outcomes measures in dental computer vision studies (DentalCOMS).

Objectives: To improve reporting and comparability as well as to reduce bias in dental computer vision studies, we aimed to develop a Core Outcome Measures Set (COMS) for this field. The COMS was derived consensus based as part of the WHO/ITU/WIPO Global Initiative AI for Health (WHO/ITU/WIPO AI4H).

Methods: We first assessed existing guidance documents of diagnostic accuracy studies and conducted interviews with experts in the field.

Evaluation of the remineralization potential of self-assembling peptide P11-4 with fluoride compared to fluoride varnish in the management of incipient carious lesions: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: The present trial's aim was to compare the remineralization potential of self-assembling peptide P11-4 combined with fluoride to that of fluoride varnish.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight participants with 58 incipient carious lesions were enrolled in the present trial. Participants were randomly divided into two groups with 14 participants and 29 incipient lesions in each group.

Dealing with Evidence in Dental Professional Liability Lawsuits-General Recommendations for Dental Expert Witness Work Using the Example of Germany: A Narrative Review.

Dental treatment can lead to disputes between patients and dentists, which are then brought before the civil courts as medical malpractice cases. The court regularly commissions a dental expert to answer questions of evidence in court. In the majority of cases, the expert is able to answer these questions based on his professional expertise and practical experience.

Manual toothbrushing techniques for plaque removal and the prevention of gingivitis-A systematic review with network meta-analysis.

Background: The meaning of the toothbrushing technique for the effectivity of toothbrushing in terms of plaque removal and parameters of gingivitis is unknown. This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Web of Science for RCTs that compared any self-applied manual toothbrushing technique to any other technique or control and assessed plaque after toothbrushing and gingivitis.

Effects of oxidized LDL versus IL-1ß/TNF-ɑ/INFɣ on human gingival mesenchymal stem cells properties.

Aims: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is an important player in the course of metabolic inflammatory diseases. oxLDL was identified in the gingival crevicular fluid, denoting possible associations between oxLDL-induced inflammation and periodontal disease. The current investigation compared for the first-time direct effects of oxLDL to a cytokine cocktail of IL-1ß/TNF-ɑ/INF-γ on gingival mesenchymal stem cells' (G-MSCs) attributes.

Influence of Cavity Lining on the 3-Year Clinical Outcome of Posterior Composite Restorations: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

The purpose of this randomized, split-mouth-designed controlled and single-blinded clinical study was to evaluate the 3-year clinical performance of Class I and Class II resin composite restorations placed with or without cavity lining with a flowable composite. Fifty patients with treatment needs in two premolars or molars were included. One of the teeth was restored using the nanohybrid composite (GrandioSO, control group), in the test group a high viscosity flowable composite was additionally applied as a first layer.

Evaluation of minimally invasive esthetic crown lengthening using an open flap versus flapless surgical approach: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: Esthetic crown lengthening (ECL) is commonly advocated to treat patients with altered passive eruption (APE). Since the introduction of the minimally invasive surgical concept, a limited number of studies have investigated this technique in a standardized manner, with further studies required to verify the validity and predictability of the minimally invasive FL-technique. The current randomized trial compares a minimally invasive (ECL), using piezosurgery with flapless-approach (FL), versus an open-flap (OF) approach in the management of patients with APE Type 1B.

Conquering class imbalances in deep learning-based segmentation of dental radiographs with different loss functions.

Objective: The imbalanced nature of real-world datasets is an ongoing challenge in the field of machine and deep learning. In medicine and in dentistry, most data samples represent patients not affected by pathologies, and on imagery, pathologic image areas are often smaller than healthy ones. Selecting suitable loss functions during deep learning is essential and may help to overcome the resulting imbalance.

Micro-needling versus acellular dermal matrix in RT1 gingival recession coverage: A randomized clinical trial.

Aims: This randomized trial assessed for the first time the efficacy of coronally advanced flap (CAF) followed by micro-needling (MN) in contrast to CAF with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) on gingival thickness (GT, primary outcome), keratinized tissue width (KTW), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), recession reduction (Rec-Red), complete root coverage (CRC) and percentage of root coverage (all secondary outcomes) in management of RT1 gingival recession in patients with thin gingival phenotype.

Methods: A total of 24 patients (n = 24) with a thin gingival phenotype and single RT1 gingival recession in the aesthetic zone were randomly allocated to test- (CAF + MN; n = 12) or control group (CAF + ADM; n = 12). All clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline, 3 and 6 months.

Beneath the rind: A review on the remarkable health benefits and applications of the wood apple fruit.

Groff, commonly referred to as the Wood apple, is a tropical fruit belonging to Rutaceae family. Indigenous to Sri Lanka, India, and Myanmar, it is extensively cultivated throughout Southeast Asia. This fruit holds a profound historical significance in traditional medicine due to its exceptional nutritional and therapeutic attributes.

Cross-angled versus flat-trim bristle tuft configurations in manual toothbrushes: A systematic review.

Aim: This systematic review synthesizes and evaluates the literature regarding the effect of manual toothbrushes (MTBs) with cross-angled bristle tufts (CA-TB) compared to flat-trim (FT-TB) configurations on plaque scores and parameters of gingival health in adult patients.

Materials And Methods: PubMed-MEDLINE and Cochrane-CENTRAL databases were searched, from their insertion up to August 1st, 2023, to detect appropriate papers. Clinical trials involving adult patients without periodontitis who performed self-brushing were eligible for inclusion.

Evaluation of acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine application versus articaine injection anesthesia after nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: To compare acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine gel anesthesia with articaine injection anesthesia in patients with moderate periodontitis undergoing scaling and root debridement.

Methods: Ninety-one patients completed this randomized multicenter split-mouth controlled study and underwent two separate periodontal treatment sessions on different days, one with a topical intrapocket lidocaine gel application and the other with an articaine injection anesthesia in a different order depending on randomization. Parameters measured were the patients' preference for topical lidocaine gel anesthesia or injection anesthesia with articaine (primary efficacy criterion), their maximum and average pain, and their intensity of numbness as well as experience of side effects; the probing depth; and the dentists' preference and their evaluations of handling/application, onset and duration of anesthetic effect, and patient compliance.

Botanicals as promising antimicrobial agents for enhancing oral health: a comprehensive review.

The mouth houses the second largest diversity of microorganisms in the body, harboring more than 700 bacterial species colonizing the soft mucosa and hard tooth surfaces. Microbes are the cause of several health-related problems, such as dental carries, gingivitis, periodontitis, etc., in the mouth across different age groups and socioeconomic/demographic groups.

Dental Practice Websites in Germany-How Do They Inform about Fluoridation?

Fluoridation (Fl) is effective in preventing caries; however, it is unclear to what extent its use is counteracted by misinformation on the internet. This study aimed to evaluate the information provided on professional websites of German dental practices regarding fluoridation. A systematic search was performed by two independent examiners, utilizing three search engines, from 10 September 2021 to 11 December 2021.

Terminology of e-Oral Health: Consensus Report of the IADR's e-Oral Health Network Terminology Task Force.

Objective: Authors reported multiple definitions of e-oral health and related terms, and used several definitions interchangeably, like mhealth, teledentistry, teleoral medicine and telehealth. The International Association of Dental Research e-Oral Health Network (e-OHN) aimed to establish a consensus on terminology related to digital technologies used in oral healthcare.

Method: The Crowdsourcing Delphi method used in this study comprised of four main stages.

Does information about MIH on dental homepages in Germany offer high quality? A systematic search and analysis.

Purpose: The internet is increasingly used to seek health information. A dental condition of increasing concern and public interest is molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), why we evaluated the information quality of German dentists 'websites on the topic of MIH.

Methods: A systematic search was performed by two independent investigators using three search engines.

Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen and Inflammation on Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells.

The present study explores for the first time the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on gingival mesenchymal stem cells' (G-MSCs) gene expression profile, intracellular pathway activation, pluripotency, and differentiation potential under an experimental inflammatory setup. G-MSCs were isolated from five healthy individuals ( = 5) and characterized. Single (24 h) or double (72 h) HBO stimulation (100% O2, 3 bar, 90 min) was performed under experimental inflammatory [IL-1β (1 ng/mL)/TNF-α (10 ng/mL)/IFN-γ (100 ng/mL)] and non-inflammatory micro-environment.