PRACTICAL AND QUICK WORK FLOW FOR ORCHIECTOMY OF 338 BATS () FOR POPULATION MANAGEMENT WITH INJECTABLE ANESTHESIA.

In captivity, neotropical Seba's short-tailed bats () (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) reproduce readily, and contraception can constitute an opportunity to prevent uncontrolled reproduction, which can lead to overpopulation as well as inbreeding. The authors developed a safe and efficient work flow, anesthetic, and surgical castration protocol for the reproductive control of a captive population of more than 500 bats housed at the rainforest house at the Vienna Zoo, Austria. An anesthetic protocol using 0.

Year after year: Recurrent infections in American bison () calves in a zoo.

(Nematoda: Ascaridida) is a common parasite of cattle and buffaloes in tropical and subtropical regions and the causative agent of toxocarosis in calves. In Europe, sporadic infections have been reported in cattle, but also in bovines held at zoological gardens. Here, we report infections in a herd of American bison () kept at the Vienna Zoo, Austria, which occurred in 2023 and 2024.

Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in a captive lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris): case report, morphological and molecular genetic mite identification.

Sarcoptes scabiei (Acari: Sarcoptidae) is a globally distributed parasitic mite species, which causes mange in a broad spectrum of domestic and wild mammals. In the present study, we report a case of chronic S. scabiei infestation in a captive lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) held in a multi-species exhibit at Vienna Zoo.

Non-invasive detection of (Banks, 1910) and (Doetschman, 1944) (Acari: Halarachnidae) in free-ranging synanthropic South American sea lions (Shaw, 1800).

Respiratory mites of the genera and (Acari: Halarachnidae) are causative agents of nasopharyngeal/nasopulmonary acariasis in pinnipeds and sea otters. Until now, these endoparasitic mites were mainly diagnosed via necropsies and invasive procedures. So far, non-invasive diagnostic techniques have neither been developed nor applied in free-ranging pinnipeds.

Communication partner training for healthcare workers engaging with people with aphasia: Enacting Sustainable Development Goal 17 in Austria, Egypt, Greece, India and Serbia.

Purpose: This commentary describes how a grassroot-led partnership initiated by members of the organisations World Federation of NeuroRehabilitation and Collaboration of Aphasia Trialists is addressing the marginalisation of people with aphasia, through education and knowledge exchange related to communication partner training of health professionals.

Result: A partnership between academics and healthcare professionals across Austria, Denmark, Egypt, Ireland, Greece, India, Serbia and the United Kingdom was established in 2020. Through bimonthly online sessions in 2021-2022 a Danish communication partner training program was introduced while six teams adapted and translated the training and its materials to their local contexts.

First report of a severe nasopulmonary acariasis caused by Doetschman, 1944 (Acari: Halarachnidae) in a captive South American sea lion ( Shaw, 1800).

Obligatory endoparasitic mites of the genera Allman, 1847 and Newell, 1947 (Acari: Halarachnidae) parasitize different segments of the respiratory tract of marine mammals, including pinnipeds and sea otters, and infestations can cause asymptomatic to serious respiratory diseases. However, knowledge on biology, pathogenic potential and occurrence of halarachnid mites infesting pinnipeds, especially in captivity, is scarce. A two-year-old South American sea lion ( Shaw, 1800) male, born and held at the Vienna Zoo, was anesthesized for routine pre-transport examinations, including computed tomography, bronchoalveolar lavage, and blood sampling.

Mapping the functional anatomy and topography of the cardiac autonomic innervation for selective cardiac neuromodulation using MicroCT.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has gained great importance as a promising therapy for a myriad of diseases. Of particular interest is the therapy of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure or atrial fibrillation using selective cardiac VNS. However, there is still a lack of organ-specific anatomical knowledge about the fascicular anatomy and topography of the cardiac branch (CB), which diminishes the therapeutic possibilities for selective cardiac neuromodulation.

Temporary Protective Shoulder Implants for Revision Surgery with Bone Glenoid Grafting.

This article describes the development of a temporary protective glenoid prosthesis placed between the augmentation and humeral head prosthesis during the healing phase of shoulder prosthesis revision with necessary reconstruction of the bony structure of the glenoid. The glenoid protection prosthesis ensures the fixation of the augmentation material and protects the screws from contact with the metallic humeral head prosthesis. Another approach of the development is a reduction of the resorption of the augmentation by targeted mechanical stimulation of the tissue.

The Palearctic blackfly Simulium equinum (Diptera: Simuliidae) as a biting pest of captive nyala antelopes (Tragelaphus angasii).

Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) are cosmopolitan nuisance pests of great economic importance as well as vectors of many pathogens. After reports of massive blackfly biting of captive nyala antelopes in the Vienna Zoo, Austria, this study aimed to identify the species causing multiple skin lesions on the antelope hosts. The Palearctic species Simulium equinum, belonging to the medically and veterinary important Wilhelmia subgenus, was identified as the most likely causative agent.

Initial Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Response in Young Marfan Patients Decreases After 3 Years of Treatment.

Marfan syndrome is caused by mutations of the fibrillin-1 gene, which weakens the connective tissue integrity. Since 2003, bioavailability regulations of TGF-ß through fibrillin alterations have been presumed of being the culprit mechanisms for aortic aneurysm development. We present the analysis of our single-center Marfan children and adolescents cohort to assess the influence of age, sex, degree of cardiovascular involvement and dosage on losartan effectivity.

Minimally Invasive Distal Metatarsal Metaphyseal Osteotomy of the Lesser Toes: Clinical, Radiologic, and Pedobarographic Outcomes.

Background: The minimally invasive distal metatarsal metaphyseal osteotomy (DMMO) is a percutaneous operative technique with the aim to relieve the symptoms of metatarsalgia. To our knowledge, no previous research has analyzed both pre- and postoperative pedobarographic data including the changes in plantar pressure.

Methods: Thirty patients (31 feet) were operated on with a DMMO and included in a prospective study.

Long-Term, Multicenter Results With the First Transcutaneous Bone Conduction Implant.

Objective: Investigation of long-term safety and performance of an active, transcutaneous bone conduction implant in adults and children up to 36 months post-implantation.

Study Design: Prospective, single-subject repeated-measures design.

Setting: Otolaryngology departments of eight German and Austrian hospitals.

Bronchoscopic Thermal Vapour Ablation for Localized Cancer Lesions of the Lung: A Clinical Feasibility Treat-and-Resect Study.

Background: Bronchoscopic thermal vapour ablation (BTVA) is an established and approved modality for minimally invasive lung volume reduction in severe emphysema. Preclinical data suggest potential for BTVA in minimally invasive ablation of lung cancer lesions.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to establish the safety, feasibility, and ablative efficacy of BTVA for minimally invasive ablation of lung cancers.

Experiences of women accessing an abortion clinic confronted by religiously motivated demonstrators: a pilot study.

Although abortion is legal in Austria, women are frequently confronted by religiously motivated demonstrators when accessing an abortion. The current study assessed women's experiences in this situation. Between 2006 and 2010, data were collected from women seeking an abortion who had been approached by demonstrators in front of an abortion clinic.

Evaluation of implant esthetics using eight objective indices-Comparative analysis of reliability and validity.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to give a detailed analysis on eight proposed implant esthetic indices including a total of 48 parameters with respect to validity and reproducibility as well as its correlation to patients' perception of esthetics.

Material And Methods: Standardized intraoral photographs of 189 patients with 189 implant-supported crowns and adjacent peri-implant soft tissue in the esthetic zone (central and lateral incisors, canine, first premolar) served as basis for this evaluation. Eight indices (Papilla Index [PI], Pink Esthetic Score [PES], Implant Crown Aesthetic Index [ICAI], Pink and White Esthetic Score [PES/WES], Complex Esthetic Index [CEI], Implant Aesthetic Score [IAS], Subjective Esthetic Score [SES], and Rompen Index) with a total of 48 parameters were selected.

Retrospective Analysis of Hearing-Impaired Adult Patients Treated With an Active Transcutaneous Bone Conduction Implant.

Objective: To determine the therapeutic success and safety of an active transcutaneous bone conduction implant (tBCI) in adult patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss.

Study Design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: Five university hospitals in Frankfurt, Hannover, Dresden, Würzburg, and Vienna.

Radiological changes do not influence clinical mid-term outcome in stemless humeral head replacements with hollow screw fixation: a prospective radiological and clinical evaluation.

Background: Stemless shoulder arthroplasty is a fairly new concept. Clinical and radiological follow-up is essential to prove implant safety and concept. This prospective single-centre study was performed to evaluate the influence of radiological changes on clinical mid-term outcome following stemless humeral head replacement with hollow screw fixation.

Critical shoulder angle combined with age predict five shoulder pathologies: a retrospective analysis of 1000 cases.

Background: Acromial morphology has previously been defined as a risk factor for some shoulder pathologies. Yet, study results are inconclusive and not all major shoulder diseases have been sufficiently investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze predictive value of three radiological parameters including the critical shoulder angle, acromion index, and lateral acromion angle in relationship to symptomatic patients with either cuff tear arthropathy, glenohumeral osteoarthritis, rotator cuff tear, impingement, and tendinitis calcarea.

Status and perception of oral health in 6-17-year-old psychiatric inpatients-randomized controlled trial.

Aim: The following are the aims of the study: assessment of oral health status, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the effect of oral health care training over OHRQoL in children and adolescents hospitalized with mental disorders.

Methodology: This randomized case controlled prospective interventional study involved 81 child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients (CAP) aged between 6 and 17 years (mean age 10.6 ± 2.

Evaluation of Gene Expression Patterns in Micrografts Demonstrate Induction of Catagen-Like Processes During Storage.

Background: Alterations of gene expression patterns may contribute to the commonly observed transient reduction of hair shaft elongation in hair restoration surgery.

Objective: To elucidate the molecular causes, we evaluated changes in gene expression patterns in hair follicle micrografts during storage.

Materials And Methods: Micrografts with different amounts of adjacent connective tissue (regular, skinny, and chubby) were stored for different periods, and the expression of key genes was determined: dermal papilla (DP): FGF7, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), versican; outer root sheath: Krt15; inner root sheath: Krt 25; cuticula: Krt85; Henle layer: filaggrin; genes related to apoptosis and growth/differentiation: Caspase 3, Ovol1, and Foxo1.

A New Transcutaneous Bone Conduction Hearing Implant: Short-term Safety and Efficacy in Children.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of a new bone conduction hearing implant in children, during a 3-month follow-up period.

Study Design: Prospective, single-subject repeated-measures design in which each subject serves as his/her own control.

Setting: Otolaryngology departments of four Austrian hospitals.

Quality standards for bone conduction implants.

Conclusion: Bone conduction implants are useful in patients with conductive and mixed hearing loss for whom conventional surgery or hearing aids are no longer an option. They may also be used in patients affected by single-sided deafness.

Objectives: To establish a consensus on the quality standards required for centers willing to create a bone conduction implant program.

Integrative therapy in patients with intermittent claudication.

The generally accepted first-line treatment in patients with intermittent claudication is risk factor modification, medical treatment and exercise training. In an era of reduced resources, the benefit of any further invasive intervention must be weighted against best conservative therapy for patients with claudication. According to some recent trials an integrative therapeutic concept combining best conservative treatment - including (supervised) exercise therapy - with endovascular therapy gives the best midterm results concerning walking distance and health-related quality of life.

Comparison of visual performance with blue light-filtering and ultraviolet light-filtering intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To compare the contrast sensitivity, glare, color perception, and visual acuity at different light intensities with yellow-tinted and clear intraocular lenses (IOLs) by different manufacturers.

Setting: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Retinology and Biomicroscopic Laser-Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Rudolf Foundation Clinic, Vienna, Austria.

Design: Comparative case series.

Dangerous or merely difficult? The new population of forensic mental hospitals.

Background: During recent decades, there has been a substantial increase in admissions to forensic mental hospitals in several European countries. It is not known if reforms implemented in mental health policies and practices are responsible for this development.

Objective: Our study examined the development of mental health care in Austria and the incidence and prevalence of mentally disordered offenders judged not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI).