Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia.

Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia and yellow fever vaccine disease. We report here on 13 patients harboring autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 alone (five patients) or with IFN-ω (eight patients) from a cohort of 279 patients (4.7%) aged 6-73 yr with critical influenza pneumonia.

Real-life efficacy and predictors of response to immunotherapy in pituitary tumors: a cohort study.

Objective: After temozolomide failure, no evidence-based treatment is available for pituitary carcinomas (PCs) and aggressive pituitary tumors (APTs). To date, only 12 cases treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been published, showing encouraging efficacy. Predictive factors of response are lacking.

Novel strategies in liver graft preservation - The French perspective.

Given the increasing graft shortage, the transplant community is forced to use so called marginal liver grafts with a higher susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion injury. This exposes the recipient to a higher risk of graft failure and post-transplant complications. While static cold storage remains the gold standard in low-risk transplant scenarios, dynamic preservation strategies may allow to improve outcomes after transplantation of marginal liver grafts.

Factors Predicting Statin Initiation During Childhood in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Importance of Genetic Diagnosis.

Objective: To identify childhood and parental factors associated with initiation of statin therapy in children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), including underlying genetic diagnosis or parental premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Study Design: This multicenter cohort study included 245 HeFH child-parent pairs from the REFERCHOL national register (2014-2020). Demographic and clinical characteristics at the last visit were collected.

Less risk of conversion to total knee arthroplasty without significant clinical and survivorship difference for opening-wedge high tibial osteotomies in varus knee deformities at 10-year minimum follow-up compared to closing-wedge high tibial osteotomies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and survivorship at minimum 10-year follow-up of patients undergoing primary valgisation high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for medial osteoarthritis (OA), treated by Opening-Wedge HTO (OW-HTO) or Closing-Wedge HTO (CW-HTO).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients presenting to a single institution undergoing HTO for isolated medial compartment OA. Two hundred and twenty three HTOs for isolated medial tibio-femoral OA were performed between January 2002 and December 2010.

Change in Sleep Quality of Residents the Night Before High-Fidelity Simulation: Results From a Prospective 1-Year National Survey.

Objective: The stress level of participants in high-fidelity simulation stems from various factors but may result in anticipatory anxiety causing sleep disturbances during the night prior to simulation. The objective of this survey was to determine the change in sleep quality of residents during the night prior to the simulation.

Methods: The survey was proposed for 1 year to all residents at the beginning of the simulation, in 10 simulation centres.

High-Fidelity Simulation to Assess Task Load Index and Performance: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: The NASA Task Load Index is a questionnaire widely used in aviation. This index might help for attesting the quality of a scenario in high-fidelity simulation in healthcare. The main purpose of this study was to observe whether NASA Task Load Index for critical care-simulated scenarios, designed for residents, was consistent with the literature.

Kinematic alignment fails to achieve balancing in 50% of varus knees and resects more bone compared to functional alignment.

Purpose: Evidence is emerging that tibio-femoral compartmental balancing is related to clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to assess if kinematic alignment (KA) delivered a balanced knee in flexion and extension after TKA on varus deformity, compared to functional alignment (FA).

Methods: This single-centre retrospective cohort study assessed 110 consecutive TKAs performed with an image-based robotic system for pre-operative varus deformity.

The Challenging Management of Craniopharyngiomas in Adults: Time for a Reappraisal?

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare tumors of the skull base, developing near the pituitary gland and hypothalamus and responsible for severe hormonal deficiencies and an overall increase in mortality rate. While surgery and radiotherapy represent the recommended first-line therapies for CPs, a new paradigm for treatment is currently emerging, as a consequence of accumulated knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor growth, paving the way for anticipated use of targeted therapies. Significant clinical and basic research conducted in the field of CPs will undoubtedly constitute a real step forward for a better understanding of the behavior of these tumors and prevent associated complications.

A novel electrochemical strategy for NT-proBNP detection using IMFET for monitoring heart failure by saliva analysis.

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic cardiovascular disease that represents main cause of mortality worldwide, particularly for elderly. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was identified as the gold standard biomarker for HF diagnosis and therapy monitoring. Presently, saliva analysis represents an emerging and powerful tool for clinical applications and electrochemical immunosensors have shown their potential in Healthcare applications as selective and reliable systems for detecting clinical biomarkers.

Animal welfare assessment after severe traumatic brain injury in rats.

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a multifactorial injury process involving respiratory, cardiovascular and immune functions in addition to the brain. Thus, live animal models are needed to study the molecular, cellular and systemic mechanisms of TBI. The ethical use of laboratory animals requires that the benefits of approaches be carefully weighed against potential harm to animals.

The Dynamic Effect of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency on Patellar Height.

Background: The anterior tibial translation (ATT) in case of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tear can lead to dynamic alterations of the extensor apparatus biomechanics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dynamic effect of isolated ACL deficiency on patellar height. The hypothesis is that the ATT of ACL-insufficient knees dynamically reduces patellar height.

Parental experience of parent-mediated intervention for children with ASD: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis.

The effectiveness of parent-mediated interventions in the field of autism spectrum disorder is well documented but information on the experience of parents involved in parent-mediated interventions is limited.This study is the first synthesis of evidence concerning the experience of parents involved in parent-mediated interventions. It synthesizes the voice of 345 parents across the world into four general themes: barriers to implementation and logistical issues, feeling overwhelmed and stressed (a need for support), facilitators of implementation, and empowerment in the parent and improvement in the child.

The Narrowed Internal Auditory Canal: A Distinct Etiology of Pediatric Vestibular Paroxysmia.

Vestibular paroxysmia (VP) is a disorder encountered in the pediatric population that etiology has been attributed to neurovascular cross-compression syndrome (NVCC). The purpose of this study was to report a new probable pathological condition, the narrowed internal auditory canal (IAC), which appears to be involved in the development of a clinical picture of VP in the pediatric population. A retrospective descriptive comparative study was conducted to compare clinical, electrophysiological, radiological, and therapeutic outcomes in both etiologies.

Perioperative Hemostatic Management of a Newborn With Hereditary Hemophilia A Undergoing Emergent Surgery for Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries.

Hemophilia A is an inherited bleeding disorder characterized by a lack of plasma clotting factor VIII (FVIII). In prophylaxis or during surgery, FVIII infusions are necessary to prevent bleeding. The authors describe the perioperative challenges and application of a multidisciplinary hemostatic management approach to a Caucasian male newborn, with antenatal diagnoses of moderate hemophilia A (2 IU/dL) and dextro-transposition of the great arteries requiring arterial switch surgery within the first month of life.

Skin Testing and Drug Provocation Tests in Epidermal Necrolysis: A French Experience.

Background: There are limited data on the use of skin testing, other than patch testing, and challenges in the evaluation of epidermal necrolysis (EN), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Objective: To report a French multicenter experience in skin testing and challenges in EN, and investigate the factors associated with tests' positivity.

Methods: All patients who were evaluated by patch tests (PTs), skin prick tests, intradermal tests (IDTs), or drug provocation tests (DPTs) for EN between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively included through 2 French drug reaction networks.

Mechanisms of Influenza Virus HA2 Peptide Interaction with Liposomes Studied by Dual-Wavelength MP-SPR.

A phospholipid-based liposome layer was used as an effective biomimetic membrane model to study the binding of the pH-dependent fusogenic peptide (E4-GGYC) from the influenza virus hemagglutinin HA2 subunit. To this end, a multiparameter surface plasmon resonance approach (MP-SPR) was used for monitoring peptide-liposome interactions at two pH values (4.5 and 8) by means of recording sensorgrams in real time without the need for labeling.

Life expectancy and likelihood of surgery in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: AFCE and GTE cohort study.

Background: The overall natural history, risk of death and surgical burden of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is not well known.

Methods: Patients with MEN1 from a nationwide cohort were included. The survival of patients with MEN1 was compared with that of the general population using simulated controls.

Patients' and relatives' views on unmet mental health care needs through a qualitative study: Symptoms are a major barrier.

Unmet needs in mental health care are a prominent issue and concern almost half of people with such disorders. Psymobile is a mobile outreach psychiatric team whose objective is to facilitate access to psychiatric services. Its intervention is at the request of relatives or social workers, making it possible to encounter situations of long-standing unmet needs.

Motivational interviewing to support medication adherence in adults with chronic conditions: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: To systematically review published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of MI to support medication adherence in adults with chronic conditions.

Methods: A systematic review (PROSPERO-CRD42020025374) was performed by searching in Pubmed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Studies were included for the following: RCTs assessing the impact of MI on medication adherence among adults with chronic diseases.

Neoadjuvant B-RAF and MEK Inhibitor Targeted Therapy for Adult Papillary Craniopharyngiomas: A New Treatment Paradigm.

Background: Surgical and clinical management of craniopharyngiomas is associated with high long-term morbidity especially in the case of hypothalamic involvement. Improvements in knowledge of craniopharyngioma molecular biology may offer the possibility of safe and effective medical neoadjuvant treatments in a subset of patients harboring papillary subtype tumors with a BRAFV600E mutation.

Method: We report herein two cases of tubero-infundibular and ventricular Papillary Craniopharyngiomas in which BRAF/MEK inhibitor combined therapy was used as adjuvant (Case 1) or neoadjuvant (Case 2) treatment, with a 90% reduction in tumor volume observed after only 5 months.