24-hour average PM2.5 concentration caused by aircraft in Chinese airports from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2023.

Since 2006, the rapid development of China's aviation industry has been accompanied by a significant increase in one of its emissions, namely, PM2.5, which poses a substantial threat to human health. However, little data is describing the PM2.

Mining co-location patterns of manufacturing firms using Q statistic and additive color mixing.

The agglomeration effect significantly influences firms' site selection. Manufacturing firms often exhibit intricate spatial co-location patterns that are indicative of agglomerations due to their reliance on material input and product output across various subdivisions of manufacture. In this study, we present an analytical approach employing the Q statistic and additive color mixing visualization to assess co-location patterns of manufacturing firms.

Time-band network model and binary tree algorithm for multimodal irregular flight recovery.

Recovery of irregular flights caused by various reasons such as aircraft failures and airport closures is studied in this research and a multimodal time-band network model for solving the issue is proposed. It transforms the flight routing problem into a time-based network, which is used to obtain the delay and cancellation costs of each flight. With delay and cancellation costs as variables, the proposed model aims to minimize recovery costs under constraints.

A hybrid machine learning-based model for predicting flight delay through aviation big data.

The prediction of flight delays is one of the important and challenging issues in the field of scheduling and planning flights by airports and airlines. Therefore, in recent years, we have witnessed various methods to solve this problem using machine learning techniques. In this article, a new method is proposed to address these issues.

A Flexible Wearable Sensor Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for High-Precision Fine Motion Capture for Pilots.

There has been a significant shift in research focus in recent years toward laser-induced graphene (LIG), which is a high-performance material with immense potential for use in energy storage, ultrahydrophobic water applications, and electronic devices. In particular, LIG has demonstrated considerable potential in the field of high-precision human motion posture capture using flexible sensing materials. In this study, we investigated the surface morphology evolution and performance of LIG formed by varying the laser energy accumulation times.

Performance and Interfacial Microstructure of Al/Steel Joints Welded by Resistance Element Welding.

In this study, an upper sheet of an A6061 aluminum alloy and a lower sheet of Q235 steel were welded by resistance element welding with a steel rivet. The temperature field during welding was calculated using ABAQUS numerical simulation software, and the interfacial microstructure was observed. A nugget was formed between the rivet shank and the lower sheet.

Hydrophobic Surface Array Structure Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for Deicing and Anti-Icing Applications.

The exceptional performance of graphene has driven the advancement of its preparation techniques and applications. Laser-induced graphene (LIG), as a novel graphene preparation technique, has been applied in various fields. Graphene periodic structures created by the LIG technique exhibit superhydrophobic characteristics and can be used for deicing and anti-icing applications, which are significantly influenced by the laser parameters.

Efficient direct repairing of lithium- and manganese-rich cathodes by concentrated solar radiation.

Lithium- and manganese-rich layered oxide cathode materials have attracted extensive interest because of their high energy density. However, the rapid capacity fading and serve voltage decay over cycling make the waste management and recycling of key components indispensable. Herein, we report a facile concentrated solar radiation strategy for the direct recycling of Lithium- and manganese-rich cathodes, which enables the recovery of capacity and effectively improves its electrochemical stability.

Electronic origin of negative thermal expansion in samarium hexaboride revealed by X-ray diffraction and total scattering.

Samarium hexaboride, SmB, is a negative thermal expansion (NTE) material whose structure is similar to other known NTE materials such as the family of Prussian blues. In the Prussian blues, NTE is due to a phonon mechanism, but we recently showed from DFT calculations that this is unlikely in SmB (Li , . 2023, , 10749).

Lightweight air-to-air unmanned aerial vehicle target detection model.

The rapid expansion of the drone industry has resulted in a substantial increase in the number of low-altitude drones, giving rise to concerns regarding collision avoidance and countermeasure strategies among these unmanned aerial vehicles. These challenges underscore the urgent need for air-to-air drone target detection. An effective target detection model must exhibit high accuracy, real-time capabilities, and a lightweight network architecture to achieve a balance between precision and speed when deployed on embedded devices.

ID-YOLOv7: an efficient method for insulator defect detection in power distribution network.

Insulators play a pivotal role in the reliability of power distribution networks, necessitating precise defect detection. However, compared with aerial insulator images of transmission network, insulator images of power distribution network contain more complex backgrounds and subtle insulator defects, it leads to high false detection rates and omission rates in current mainstream detection algorithms. In response, this study presents ID-YOLOv7, a tailored convolutional neural network.

A study on the combination of functional connection features and Riemannian manifold in EEG emotion recognition.

Introduction: Affective computing is the core for Human-computer interface (HCI) to be more intelligent, where electroencephalogram (EEG) based emotion recognition is one of the primary research orientations. Besides, in the field of brain-computer interface, Riemannian manifold is a highly robust and effective method. However, the symmetric positive definiteness (SPD) of the features limits its application.

Distributed Sequential Detection for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Internet of Things.

The rapid development of wireless communication technology has led to an increasing number of internet of thing (IoT) devices, and the demand for spectrum for these devices and their related applications is also increasing. However, spectrum scarcity has become an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, we introduce a collaborative spectrum sensing (CSS) framework in this paper to identify available spectrum resources so that IoT devices can access them and, meanwhile, avoid causing harmful interference to the normal communication of the primary user (PU).

Effect of acute stress on working memory in pilots: Investigating the modulatory role of memory load.

Many practitioners, such as pilots, frequently face working memory (WM) demands under acute stress environments, while the effect of acute stress on WM has not been conclusively studied because it is moderated by a variety of factors. The current study investigated how acute stress affects pilots' WM under different memory load conditions. There are 42 pilots conducting the experiments, consisting of 21 stress group participants experiencing the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and 21 control group participants experiencing the controlled TSST (C-TSST).

Towards energy sustainability: Exploring the nexus between global value chain participation and energy security in developing and developed countries.

International trade has a significant impact on global environmental quality and sustainable economic development. Global value chains (GVCs) have become a crucial component of international trade and development policy. The global production structure has become more complicated with the inclusion of domestic markets in GVC, putting significant pressure on world energy resources and environmental sustainability.

Research on Lateral Safety Spacing for Fusion Operation Based on Unmanned and Manned Aircraft-Event Modeling.

With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology and its increasing application across various fields, current airspace resources are insufficient for unmanned aerial vehicles' needs. This paper, taking Zigong General Aviation Airport in Sichuan as a case study, explores the lateral safety spacing in a mixed operation mode of unmanned aerial vehicles and manned aircraft. Currently, there are no standardized regulations for the safe spacing of the fusion operation of unmanned and manned aircraft.

Significantly Improve the Thermal Conductivity and Dielectric Performance of Epoxy Composite by Introducing Boron Nitride and POSS.

Dielectric materials with superb thermal and electrical properties are highly desired for high-voltage electrical equipment and advanced electronics. Here, we propose a novel strategy to improve the performance of epoxy composites by employing boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) and γ-glycidyl ether oxypropyl sesimoxane (G-POSS) as functional fillers. The resultant ternary epoxy composites exhibit high electrical resistivity (1.

Alterations in white matter fiber tracts and their correlation with flying cadet behavior.

An increasing number of studies have shown that flight training alters the human brain structure; however, most studies have focused on gray matter, and the exploration of white matter structure has been largely neglected. This study aimed to investigate the changes in white matter structure induced by flight training and estimate the correlation between such changes and psychomotor and flight performance. Diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 25 flying cadets and 24 general college students.

Detection and Control Framework for Unpiloted Ground Support Equipment within the Aircraft Stand.

The rapid advancement in Unpiloted Robotic Vehicle technology has significantly influenced ground support operations at airports, marking a critical shift towards future development. This study presents a novel Unpiloted Ground Support Equipment (GSE) detection and control framework, comprising virtual channel delineation, boundary line detection, object detection, and navigation and docking control, to facilitate automated aircraft docking within the aircraft stand. Firstly, we developed a bespoke virtual channel layout for Unpiloted GSE, aligning with operational regulations and accommodating a wide spectrum of aircraft types.

Preparation methods and research progress of super-hydrophobic anti-icing surface.

The problem of surface icing poses a serious threat to people's economy and safety, especially in the fields of aerospace, wind power generation and circuit transmission. Super-hydrophobic has excellent anti-icing performance, so it has been widely studied. As the most promising anti-icing technology, superhydrophobic anti-icing surface should not only be simple to prepare, but also have excellent comprehensive performance, which can meet the anti-icing task under harsh working conditions and long-term durability.

Cross-subject emotion EEG signal recognition based on source microstate analysis.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are very weak and have low spatial resolution, which has led to less satisfactory accuracy in cross-subject EEG-based emotion classification studies. Microstate analyses of EEG sources can be performed to determine the important spatiotemporal characteristics of EEG signals. Such analyses can be used to cluster rapidly changing EEG signals into multiple brain prototype topographies, fully utilizing the spatial information contained in the EEG signals and providing a neural representation for emotional dynamics.

Location decision of low-altitude service station for transfer flight based on modified immune algorithm.

The location of Low-Altitude Flight Service Station (LAFSS) is a comprehensive decision work, and it is also a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) with constraints. As a swarm intelligence search algorithm for solving constrained MOOP, the Immune Algorithm (IA) retains the excellent characteristics of genetic algorithm. Using some characteristic information or knowledge of the problem selectively and purposefully, the degradation phenomenon in the optimization process can be suppressed and the global optimum can be achieved.

Who might encounter hard-braking while speeding? Analysis for regular speeders using low-frequency taxi trajectories on arterial roads and explainable AI.

Regular speeders are those who commit speeding recidivism during a period. Among their speeding behaviors, some occurring in specific scenarios may cause more hazards to road users. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the driving risks if the regular speeders have different speeding propensities.

Research on Fire-Detection Algorithm for Airplane Cargo Compartment Based on Typical Characteristic Parameters.

To clarify the reasons for inaccurate fire detection in aircraft cargo holds, this article depicts research from the perspective of a single type of sensor detection. In terms of fire smoke, we select dual-wavelength photoelectric smoke sensors for fire-data collection and a genetic algorithm to optimize the classification and detection of random forest fires. From the perspective of fire CO concentration, we use PSO-LSTM to train a CO concentration compensation model to reduce sensor measurement errors.

Aircraft trajectory prediction and aviation safety in ADS-B failure conditions based on neural network.

With the rapid expansion of transportation demand, the number of global flights has rapidly increased, which also poses challenges to air traffic management (ATM). Considering that the radar system in ATM can no longer meet the requirements of flight safety, a very promising next-generation air traffic control technology-Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) technology has been introduced. However, in the event of on-board equipment failure and local area signal interference, the ADS-B's signal will disappear or be interrupted.