A pilot study for continuous non-invasive intracranial pressure screening.

Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is a common and critical condition in neurocritical care, often requiring immediate intervention. Current methods for continuous intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring are invasive and costly, limiting their use in resource-limited settings. This study investigates the potential of the electroencephalography (EEG) as a non-invasive alternative for ICP monitoring.

Usefulness of mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin for stratifying risk in emergency department patients with solid tumors attended for febrile neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy.

Objective: To analyze the usefulness of mean mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) level to stratify risk in emergency department patients with solid tumors attended for febrile neutropenia after chemotherapy. To compare risk prediction with MR-proADM to that of conventional biomarkers and scores on the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score.

Methods: Prospective observational cohort study enrolling patients with solid tumors who developed febrile neutropenia after chemotherapy.

Novel prehospital lactate cut-off estimation for mortality: a multicentre observational study.

Objectives: Point-of-care testing available in prehospital settings requires the establishment of new medical decision points. The aim of the present work was to determine the cut-off of the lactate threshold that activates alert triggers for all-cause 2-day mortality.

Design: Multicentre, prospective, ambulance-based, observational study.

GNCnn: A QuPath extension for glomerulosclerosis and glomerulonephritis characterization based on deep learning.

The digitalization of traditional glass slide microscopy into whole slide images has opened up new opportunities for pathology, such as the application of artificial intelligence techniques. Specialized software is necessary to visualize and analyze these images. One of these applications is QuPath, a popular bioimage analysis tool.

Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry.

Background And Aims: Overweight and obesity are modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the general population, but their prevalence in individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and whether they confer additional risk of ASCVD independent of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) remains unclear.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 35 540 patients with HeFH across 50 countries, in the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry. Prevalence of World Health Organization-defined body mass index categories was investigated in adults (n = 29 265) and children/adolescents (n = 6275); and their association with prevalent ASCVD.

Brief communication: gaps and opportunities in HIV research in Venezuela.

Over the past decade, Venezuela has experienced a political and economic crisis that has affected the country's scientific research development. Currently, the state of HIV research in Venezuela remains unknown. We conducted a systematic review identifying 683 articles over the last 20 years of which only 101 met our inclusion criteria.

Some thoughts about the "Consensus statement on smoking and vascular risk" from the Spanish Autonomous Societies of Hypertension and Vascular Risk.

Smoking is a known preventable risk factor for vascular diseases. However, it is one of the most forgotten risks when we talk about its relationship with kidney disease. Following the publication of the "Consensus statement on smoking and vascular risk" promoted by the autonomous societies of hypertension and vascular risk of Spain, we consider that the nephrology community should be alerted about the deleterious effects of exposure to tobacco smoke and its consequences on renal damage.

Impact of Wood Smoke Exposure on Aortic Valve Mineralization: Microvesicles as Mineral Conveyors in Patients with Coronary Stenosis.

Aortic valve calcification results from degenerative processes associated with several pathologies. These processes are influenced by age, chronic inflammation, and high concentrations of phosphate ions in the plasma, which contribute to induce mineralization in the aortic valve and deterioration of cardiovascular health. Environmental factors, such as wood smoke that emits harmful and carcinogenic pollutants, carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxide (NO), as well as other reactive compounds may also be implicated.

Clinical, Radiographic, and Molecular Analysis of Patients with X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets: Looking for Phenotype-Genotype Correlation.

Background/objectives: X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (XLH) represents the most frequent type of rickets from genetic origin, it is caused by mutations on the gene. The main clinical manifestations are short stature and bone deformities. Phenotype variation is observed at the intrafamily and interfamily level.

Immunometabolic Changes Following Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Comparative Study.

Background: Immunometabolism is the interaction between immune system and nutrient metabolism. Severe obesity is considered a state of meta-inflammation associated with obesity that influences the development of chronic-degenerative diseases.

Objective: We aimed to establish the immunometabolic differences in bariatric patients and to determine whether cellular immunity is associated with metabolic changes.

Insect-specific RNA viruses detection in Field-Caught Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from Argentina using NGS technology.

Mosquitoes are the primary vectors of arthropod-borne pathogens. Aedes aegypti is one of the most widespread mosquito species worldwide, responsible for transmitting diseases such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, among other medically significant viruses. Characterizing the array of viruses circulating in mosquitoes, particularly in Aedes aegypti, is a crucial tool for detecting and developing novel strategies to prevent arbovirus outbreaks.

Ultrasound guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block resulting in reduction of dislocated prosthetic hip.

A 78-year-old woman with a prosthetic hip dislocation underwent a pericapsular nerve group block for regional anesthesia. The hip spontaneously reduced before manual intervention, likely due to the block's analgesic and muscle-relaxing effects. Compared to other techniques, this block effectively targets hip innervation while sparing motor function.

Disease activity in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy according to time since diagnosis and positivity to antisynthetase autoantibodies: data from the Myo-Spain registry.

Objective: To evaluate the main outcomes of disease activity and their association with other measures of activity, damage, and quality of life in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) according to time since diagnosis and positivity to antisynthetase autoantibodies (ASAs).

Methods: Cross-sectional multicenter study within the Spanish Myo-Spain registry. Cases were classified as incident (≤ 12 months since diagnosis) and prevalent.

Biokinetic gait differences between Hallux valgus patients and asymptomatic subjects.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is the most prevalent foot condition, associated with a decline in quality of life and a high rate of complications. Pedobarography can be a diagnostic tool, although controversies exist due to differences in measurement scales, type of capture, software, and hardware used. Deformity level differences have not been thoroughly explored.

A Self-supervised Deep Learning Model for Diagonal Sulcus Detection with Limited Labeled Data.

Sulci are a fundamental part of brain morphology, closely linked to brain function, cognition, and behavior. Tertiary sulci, characterized as the shallowest and smallest subtype, pose a challenging task for detection. The diagonal sulcus (ds), located in a crucial area in language processing, has a prevalence between 50% and 60%.

Use of "enhanced contact endoscopy for pituitary surgery" in a collision sellar tumor (papillary craniopharyngioma + non-functional pituitary adenoma): Representative case illustration and two-dimensional operative video.

Background: Collision sellar tumors are rare disease entities. Less than 30 cases have been reported in the literature in the last 20 years. We present the case of one patient diagnosed with a collision sellar tumor and describe the use of Enhanced Contact Endoscopy for pituitary gland and tumoral identification not previously described in the literature.

DNA Identification in Breast Milk from Mexican Women with Chagas Disease.

(1) Background: Chagas disease is a public health problem affecting nearly 2 million women of reproductive age in Latin America. From these, 4-8% can transmit the infection to the foetus through the vertical route, whereas horizontal transmission through milk during breastfeeding remains controversial. Therefore, the presence of () DNA in the milk of women seropositive for Chagas disease was analysed to determine whether a relationship with the infection of their children can exist.

Evaluation of an Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting CAG Repeats: A Patient-Customized Therapy Study for Huntington's Disease.

Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive neuronal cell damage in some areas of the brain; symptoms are commonly associated with chorea, rigidity and dystonia. The symptoms in Huntington's Disease are caused by a pathological increase in the number of Cytokine-Adenine-Guanine (CAG) repeats on the first exon of the Huntingtin gene, which causes a protein to have an excessive number of glutamine residues; this alteration leads to a change in the protein's conformation and function. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to design, synthesize and evaluate an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO; 95 nucleotides) HTT 90-5 directed to the Huntingtin CAG repeats in primary leukocyte culture cells from a patient with Huntington's Disease; approximately 500,000 leukocytes per well extracted from venous blood were used, to which 100 pMol of ASO were administered, and the expression of Huntingtin was subsequently evaluated at 72 h by RT-PCR.

Evaluating Feature Selection Methods for Accurate Diagnosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease.

: The increase in patients with type 2 diabetes, coupled with the development of complications caused by the same disease is an alarming aspect for the health sector. One of the main complications of diabetes is nephropathy, which is also the main cause of kidney failure. Once diagnosed, in Mexican patients the kidney damage is already highly compromised, which is why acting preventively is extremely important.

An Overview of Gaucher Disease.

Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene that lead to a deficiency in the glucocerebrosidase gene. This deficiency results in the accumulation of glucocerebrosides in macrophages, primarily affecting the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Focusing on the Mexican population, this study aims to review GD's epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment options to enhance early diagnosis and optimize treatment outcomes.

Urate Levels as a Predictor of the Prevalence and Level of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: An Identificación de La PoBlación Española de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Renal Study.

(1) Background: Urate levels lower than the classical cut-off point for defining hyperuricemia can increase cardiovascular risks. The aim of this study is to determine if there is a relationship between different urate levels and classic cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study of the inclusion visits of the patients recruited to the IBERICAN study was conducted.

Preferential Genetic Pathways Lead to Relapses in Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is characterized by genetic heterogeneity and a high relapse rate, affecting over 40% of adults. However, the mechanisms leading to relapse in adults are poorly understood. Forty-four adult B-ALL patients were studied at both diagnosis and relapse by next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Consequences of Early Maternal Deprivation on Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Dynamics in the Central Nervous System of Male and Female Rats.

Early life stress (ELS) is associated with an increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders, and both neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction seem to be central to mental health. Herein, using an animal model of ELS, a single episode of maternal deprivation (MD, 24 h on pnd 9) extensively documented to elicit behavioural anomalies in male and female Wistar rats, we investigated its consequences in terms of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dynamics in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampal formation (HCF). MD differentially affected the brain content of cytokines: MD induced a transient increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) in the PFC, as well as in the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the HCF.

The multi-scale complexity of human genetic variation beyond continental groups.

Traditional clustering and visualization approaches in human genetics often operate under frameworks that assume inherent, discrete groupings. These methods can inadvertently simplify multifaceted relationships, functioning to entrench the idea of typological groups. We introduce a network-based pipeline and visualization tool grounded in relational thinking, which constructs networks from a variety of genetic similarity metrics.

Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients: An International Collaborative Study.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a rare malignant tumor, frequently affects pediatric patients, with 35%-40% occurring in the head and neck. This study analyzes the clinicopathologic profile of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas from Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.

Methods: We reviewed 44 cases from 10 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology services, conducting immunohistochemical analyses of desmin, myogenin, Myo-D1, and Ki67, with quantification via QuPath software.