Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals mTOR Signaling in Sustaining Macrophage Phagocytosis of Cancer Cells.

: Macrophage-mediated cancer cell phagocytosis has demonstrated considerable therapeutic potential. While the initiation of phagocytosis, facilitated by interactions between cancer cell surface signals and macrophage receptors, has been characterized, the mechanisms underlying its sustentation and attenuation post-initiation remain poorly understood. : Through comprehensive phosphoproteomic profiling, we interrogated the temporal evolution of the phosphorylation profiles within macrophages during cancer cell phagocytosis.

Treatment-free Survival After First-line Therapies for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium Analysis.

Background And Objective: Patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy may experience periods of prolonged disease control without a need for systemic therapy. Treatment-free survival (TFS) is an important measure for this period, but no data are available for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) starting first-line agents. Our aim was to analyze TFS outcomes for patients with mRCC starting first-line therapy.

Polygenic score distribution differences across European ancestry populations: implications for breast cancer risk prediction.

Background: The 313-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) provides a promising tool for clinical breast cancer risk prediction. However, evaluation of the PRS across different European populations which could influence risk estimation has not been performed.

Methods: We explored the distribution of PRS across European populations using genotype data from 94,072 females without breast cancer diagnosis, of European-ancestry from 21 countries participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 223,316 females without breast cancer diagnosis from the UK Biobank.

Circulating Tumor DNA Testing in Curatively Resected Colorectal Cancer and Salvage Resection.

Importance: Serial circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a routine surveillance strategy for patients with resected colorectal cancer, but how serial ctDNA monitoring is associated with potential curative outcomes has not been formally assessed.

Objective: To examine whether there is a benefit of adding serial ctDNA assays to standard-of-care imaging surveillance for potential curative outcomes in patients with resected colorectal cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this single-center (City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California), retrospective, case cohort study, patients with stage II to IV colorectal cancer underwent curative resection and were monitored with serial ctDNA assay and National Cancer Center Network (NCCN)-guided imaging surveillance from September 20, 2019, to April 3, 2024.

Nuclear Control of Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Venetoclax Efficacy in AML via COX4I1.

Cell signaling pathways are enriched for biological processes crucial for cellular communication, response to external stimuli, and metabolism. Here, a cell signaling-focused CRISPR screen identified cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1 (COX4I1) as a novel vulnerability in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Depletion of COX4I1 hindered leukemia cell proliferation and impacted in vivo AML progression.

Worse survival and higher rates of relapse in U.S. Armenians with papillary thyroid cancer.

Objectives: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most frequent subtype of thyroid cancer with overall favorable survival. Currently, little is known about the PTC experience within the United States (U.S.

Current state and future prospects of spatial biology in colorectal cancer.

Over the past century, colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the most devastating cancers impacting the human population. To gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving this solid tumor, researchers have increasingly turned their attention to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Spatial transcriptomics and proteomics have emerged as a particularly powerful technology for deciphering the complexity of CRC tumors, given that the TME and its spatial organization are critical determinants of disease progression and treatment response.

Impact of race and payor status on patterns of utilization of partial and radical nephrectomy in patients with renal cell carcinoma in California.

Background: Prospective trials have shown similar outcomes with partial nephrectomy (PN) in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and multiple studies suggest increasing the use of the technique. We hypothesize that patients who stem from minority groups, as well as Medicare and Medical, have less access to this specialized procedure and, therefore, have a higher rate of radical nephrectomy (RN).

Methods: We interrogated the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) database, which collects information from all inpatient admissions, emergency room visits and inpatient/outpatient procedures in the state.

Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy vs Sorafenib Alone in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The NRG Oncology/RTOG 1112 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Most patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recur within the liver following systemic therapy.

Objective: To determine whether stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) improves outcomes in patients with locally advanced HCC compared with sorafenib alone.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter phase 3 randomized clinical trial randomized patients with HCC 1:1 to sorafenib or SBRT followed by sorafenib, stratified by performance status, liver function, degree of metastases, and macrovascular invasion.

Efficacy and Safety of Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab versus Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Main Trunk and/or Contralateral Portal Vein Invasion in IMbrave150.

Introduction: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab significantly improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) versus sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in IMbrave150. Efficacy and safety in patient subpopulations with Vp4 portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and other high-risk prognostic factors are reported.

Methods: IMbrave150 was a global, randomized (2:1), open-label, phase 3 study in systemic treatment-naive patients with unresectable HCC; OS and PFS were co-primary endpoints.

WNT and TGF-Beta Pathway Alterations in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Among Hispanic/Latino Populations.

Background/objectives: One of the fastest-growing minority groups in the U.S. is the Hispanic/Latino population.

Identifying targeted cell-free DNA methylation regions in head and neck cancer via paired methylome analysis.

Despite the critical need, progress in developing cell-free DNA (cfDNA) liquid biopsy biomarkers for the diagnosis and risk stratification of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) has been limited. In this study, we present a comprehensive paired-sample differential methylation region (psDMR) analysis in HNSC, aimed at identifying reliable and HNSC-specific regions for cfDNA biomarker discovery. Traditional DMR analyses often overlook paired-sample information and fail to account for the heterogeneity within HNSC tissues.

Cardiooncology in the ICU - Cardiac Urgencies in Cancer Care.

Cardiovascular disease is an increasing risk of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients, related to an growing number of aging survivors with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and the use of traditional and novel cancer therapies with cardiotoxic effects. While many cardiac complications are chronic processes that develop over time, there are many acute processes that may arise in hospitalized patients. It is important for hospitalists and critical care physicians to be familiar with the recognition and management of these conditions in this unique population.

Exercising and immuno-oncology treatment (ExIO): a prospective pilot study for patients with solid tumors.

Purpose: Despite exercise's known benefits for cancer patients, little is understood about combining it with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a personalized physical activity program for cancer patients on ICI treatment and to investigate its effects on quality of life, ICI-related side effects, fatigue, and emotional symptoms.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted across eight cancer practices in a joint network in Brazil.

Integrative multi-omics profiling of colorectal cancer from a Hispanic/Latino cohort of patients.

Colorectal cancer contributes to cancer-related deaths and health disparities in the Hispanic and Latino community. To probe both the biological and genetic bases of the disparities, we characterized features of colorectal cancer in terms of somatic alterations and genetic similarity. Specifically, we conducted a comprehensive genome-scale analysis of 67 Hispanic and Latino samples.

Targeting CNS Metastases in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Evolving Approaches Using Molecular Markers: A Review.

Importance: Central nervous system (CNS) metastases presenting as either brain parenchymal metastases or leptomeningeal metastases are diagnosed in up to 50% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer during their disease course. While historically associated with a poor prognosis due to limited treatment options, the availability of an increasing number of targeted therapies with good CNS penetration has significantly improved clinical outcomes for these patients. This has occurred in parallel with a more nuanced understanding of prognostic factors.

D2 Lymphadenectomy for Gastric Cancer: Advancements and Technical Considerations.

Lymphadenectomy (LND) is a crucial component of the curative surgical treatment of gastric cancer (GC). The LND serves to both accurately stage the disease and offer therapeutic benefits. At the time of "curative-intent" gastrectomy, D2 LND is the optimal treatment for patients with locally advanced GC due to its survival benefits and acceptable morbidity.