Cardiovascular Disease Multimorbidity and Decreased Health-Related Quality of Life in Haiti: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Multimorbidity is increasingly prevalent in lower- and middle-income countries. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has been inversely associated with multimorbidity but is understudied in lower- and middle-income countries. We report cardiovascular disease (CVD) multimorbidity in Haiti and its association with HRQOL.

Novel Copy Number Deletion Involving Associated With Epilepsy, Tremor, and Intellectual Disability.

Copy number variations (CNVs) contribute to various disorders including intellectual disability, developmental disorders, and cancer. This study identifies a de novo 2.62 Mb deletion at 6q22.

Phylogeography, Historical Population Demography, and Climatic Modeling of Two Bird Species Uncover Past Connections Between Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest.

We combined mitochondrial DNA sequence data and paleoclimatic distribution models to document phylogeographic patterns and investigate the historical demography of two manakins, and , as well as to explore connections between Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest. ND2 sequences of (75 individuals, 24 sites) and (196, 77) were used in Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses. We estimated mitochondrial nucleotide diversity, employed statistical tests to detect deviations from neutral evolution and constant population sizes, and used species distribution modeling to infer the location of suitable climate for both species under present-day conditions, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and the Last Interglacial Maximum (LIG).

An additional ✝Archearadinae flat-bug species from Cretaceous Burmese Amber (Hemiptera, Aradidae).

Currently 19 species of Aradidae (flat bugs) are known from the Cretaceous deposits of Burma (Burmese/Kachin amber). In reviewing unidentified aradid species from this deposit, an unnamed species was located. This aradid includes a unique combination of features from several Cretaceous aradid genera coupled with apomorphic antennae morphology allows easy differentiation from other aradids.

Truly the best of both worlds: Merging lineage-specific and universal probe kits to maximize phylogenomic inference.

Premise: Hybridization capture kits are now commonly used for reduced representation approaches in genomic sequencing, with both universal and clade-specific kits available. Here, we present a probe kit targeting 799 low-copy genes for the plant family Annonaceae.

Methods: This new version of the kit combines the original 469 genes from the previous Annonaceae kit with 334 genes from the universal Angiosperms353 kit.

Code sharing in ecology and evolution increases citation rates but remains uncommon.

Biologists increasingly rely on computer code to collect and analyze their data, reinforcing the importance of published code for transparency, reproducibility, training, and a basis for further work. Here, we conduct a literature review estimating temporal trends in code sharing in ecology and evolution publications since 2010, and test for an influence of code sharing on citation rate. We find that code is rarely published (only 6% of papers), with little improvement over time.

Conformational modulation and polymerization-induced folding of proteomimetic peptide brush polymers.

Peptide-brush polymers generated by graft-through living polymerization of peptide-modified monomers exhibit high proteolytic stability, therapeutic efficacy, and potential as functional tandem repeat protein mimetics. Prior work has focused on polymers generated from structurally disordered peptides that lack defined conformations. To obtain insight into how the structure of these polymers is influenced by the folding of their peptide sidechains, a set of polymers with varying degrees of polymerization was prepared from peptide monomers that adopt α-helical secondary structure for comparison to those having random coil structures.

Longitudinal associations of apathy and regional tau in mild cognitive impairment and dementia: Findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

Introduction: It is important to study apathy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) to better understand its underlying neurobiology and develop effective interventions. In the current study, we sought to examine the relationships between longitudinal apathy and regional tau burden in cognitively impaired older adults from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database.

Methods: Three hundred and nineteen ADNI participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD dementia underwent flortaucipir (FTP) tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and clinical assessment with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) annually.

Development of immunoliposomes containing cytotoxic gold payloads against HER2-positive breast cancers.

Overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is found in 20-30% of breast cancer tumors (HER2-positive breast cancers) and is associated with more aggressive onset of disease, higher recurrence rate and increased mortality. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) like trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with chemotherapeutics, and trastuzumab-based antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are used in the clinic to treat these cancers. An alternative targeted strategy (not yet in clinical use) is the encapsulation of chemotherapeutic drugs in immunoliposomes.

Homoleptic octahedral Co complexes as precatalysts for regioselective hydroboration of alkenes with high turnover frequencies.

Homoleptic complexes adopting octahedral coordination modes are usually less active in catalysis due to the saturated coordination around metal centers that prevents substrate activation in a catalytic event. In this work, we demonstrated that a homoleptic octahedral cobalt complex (1) of 4'-pyridyl-2,2';6',2''-terpyridine that experienced monoprotonation at the non-coordinating pyridyl moiety upon crystallization could serve as a highly efficient precatalyst for the hydroboration of styrene derivatives with Markovnikov selectivity. The solid-state structure of this precatalyst along with relevant homoleptic Co and Fe complexes has been characterized by X-ray crystallography.

On seven undescribed leaf insect species revealed within the recent "Tree of Leaves" (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae).

With the recent advance in molecular phylogenetics focused on the leaf insects (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae), gaps in knowledge are beginning to be filled. Yet, shortcomings are also being highlighted, for instance, the unveiling of numerous undescribed phylliid species. Here, some of these taxa are described, including from Mindoro Island, Philippines; from Samar Island, Philippines; from Mindanao Island, Philippines; from Vietnam; from South Kalimantan, Indonesia; and from Java, Indonesia.

pH-tunable membrane-active polymers, NCMNP2a-, and their potential membrane protein applications.

Accurate 3D structures of membrane proteins are essential for comprehending their mechanisms of action and designing specific ligands to modulate their activities. However, these structures are still uncommon due to the involvement of detergents in the sample preparation. Recently, membrane-active polymers have emerged as an alternative to detergents, but their incompatibility with low pH and divalent cations has hindered their efficacy.

Site-selective radiolabeling using mushroom tyrosinase and the strain-promoted oxidation-controlled 1,2-quinone cycloaddition.

We report the characterization and evaluation of a novel Zr-labeled radioimmunoconjugate synthesized using a site-selective bioconjugation strategy based on the oxidation of tyrosinase residues exposed by the deglycosylation of the IgG and the subsequent strain-promoted oxidation-controlled 1,2-quinone cycloaddition between these amino acids and -cyclooctene-bearing cargoes. More specifically, we site-selectively modified a variant of the A33 antigen-targeting antibody huA33 with the chelator desferrioxamine (DFO), thereby producing an immunoconjugate (DFO-huA33) with equivalent antigen binding affinity to its parent immunoglobulin but attenuated affinity for the FcγRI receptor. This construct was subsequently radiolabeled with [Zr]Zr to create a radioimmunoconjugate - [Zr]Zr-DFO-huA33 - in high yield and specific activity that exhibited excellent behavior in two murine models of human colorectal carcinoma.

The Transformation and Export of Organic Carbon Across an Arctic River-Delta-Ocean Continuum.

The Arctic Ocean is surrounded by land that feeds highly seasonal rivers with water enriched in high concentrations of dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC). Explicit estimates of the flux of organic carbon across the land-ocean interface are difficult to quantify and many interdependent processes makes source attribution difficult. A high-resolution 3-D biogeochemical model was built for the lower Yukon River and coastal ocean to estimate biogeochemical cycling across the land-ocean continuum.

Measuring the Burden of Infodemics: Summary of the Methods and Results of the Fifth WHO Infodemic Management Conference.

Background: An infodemic is excess information, including false or misleading information, that spreads in digital and physical environments during a public health emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by an unprecedented global infodemic that has led to confusion about the benefits of medical and public health interventions, with substantial impact on risk-taking and health-seeking behaviors, eroding trust in health authorities and compromising the effectiveness of public health responses and policies. Standardized measures are needed to quantify the harmful impacts of the infodemic in a systematic and methodologically robust manner, as well as harmonizing highly divergent approaches currently explored for this purpose.

PROTOCOL: Mapping the scientific knowledge and approaches to defining and measuring hate crime, hate speech, and hate incidents.

The overallaim of the review is to map the definitions and measurement tools used to capture the whole spectrum of hate motivated behaviors, including hate crime, hate speech and hate incidents. This will benefit the field of hate studies by providing a baseline that can inform the building of cumulative knowledge and comparative research. The first review objective is to map definitions of hate crime, hate incidents, hate speech, and surrogate terms.

Are prosodic effects on sentence comprehension dependent on age?

Purpose: to investigate prosodic boundary effects on the comprehension of attachment ambiguities in Brazilian Portuguese and to test two hypotheses relying on the notion of boundary strength: the absolute boundary hypothesis (ABH) and the relative boundary hypothesis (RBH). Manipulations of prosodic structure influence how listeners interpret syntactically ambiguous sentences. However, the role of prosody in spoken language comprehension of sentences has received limited attention in languages other than English, particularly from a developmental perspective.

Three new genera and one new species of leaf insect from (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae).

With the first large-scale Phylliidae molecular phylogeny recently published adding a great deal of clarity to phylliid diversity, several of the rarer species which could not be included were methodically and morphologically reviewed. This review resulted in identification of numerous substantial morphological features that suggest there are Melanesian clades that create polyphyletic groups within the phylliids which should instead be taxonomically recognized as unique. These rarer species have historically been considered to be southern representatives of the Griffini, 1898 sensu lato.

An ionic Fe-based metal-organic-framework with 4'-pyridyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine for catalytic hydroboration of alkynes.

An ionic metal-organic-framework (MOF) containing nanoscale channels was readily assembled from ditopic 4'-pyridyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (pytpy) and a simple iron(ii) salt. X-ray structural analysis revealed a two-dimensional grid-like framework assembled by classic octahedral (pytpy)Fe cations as linkers (with pytpy as a new ditopic pyridyl ligand) and octa-coordinate FeCl centers as nodes. The layer-by-layer assembly of the 2-D framework resulted in the formation of 3-D porous materials consisting of nano-scale channels.

Effectiveness of Covid-19 vaccines against symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in an urgent care setting.

Background: It is critical to monitor changes in vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 outcomes for various vaccine products in different population subgroups.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in patients ≥12 years who underwent testing for SARS-CoV-2 virus from April 14 through October 25, 2021, at urgent care centers in the New York metropolitan area. Patients self-reported vaccination status at the time of testing.

Dataset of middle cerebral artery blood flow stability in response to high-definition transcranial electrical stimulation.

This supplementary dataset is supportive of the randomized sham-controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial investigating polarity- and intensity-dependent effects of high-definition transcranial electrical stimulation (HD-tDCS) applied over the right temporo-parietal junction on mean middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCA-BFv) bilaterally. Data of eleven healthy right-handed adults (6 women, 5 men; mean age 31 ± 5.6 years old) were analyzed for MCA-BFv, assessed using transcranial doppler ultrasound on the stimulated and the contralateral hemisphere concomitantly, during and after 3 blocks of 2 min HD-tDCS at 1, 2, and 3 mA.

End-to-end differentiable construction of molecular mechanics force fields.

Molecular mechanics (MM) potentials have long been a workhorse of computational chemistry. Leveraging accuracy and speed, these functional forms find use in a wide variety of applications in biomolecular modeling and drug discovery, from rapid virtual screening to detailed free energy calculations. Traditionally, MM potentials have relied on human-curated, inflexible, and poorly extensible discrete chemical perception rules (atom types) for applying parameters to small molecules or biopolymers, making it difficult to optimize both types and parameters to fit quantum chemical or physical property data.