Electrospun Silk-ICG Composite Fibers and the Application toward Hemorrhage Control.

In trauma and surgery, efficient hemorrhage control is crucial to avert fatal blood loss and increase the likelihood of survival. There is a significant demand for novel biomaterials capable of promptly and effectively managing bleeding. This study aimed to develop flexible biocomposite fibrous scaffolds with an electrospinning technique using silk fibroin (SF) and indocyanine green (ICG).

PrEP Persistence Support and Monitoring in Areas of High HIV Burden in the Midwestern United States.

Monitoring pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) metrics can guide service delivery yet does not occur routinely. We developed a survey to understand current practices for monitoring PrEP at PrEP-providing organizations in Illinois and Missouri. The survey was distributed from September through November 2020; 26 organizations participated.

Superlinear urban scaling by functional organization: A metabolic interpretation of sectoral water consumption.

Prevailing view asserts that the disproportionately greater productivities of larger cities, or superlinear urban scaling, are the result of human interactions channeled by urban networks. But this view was established by considering the spatial organization of urban infrastructure and social networks-the urban "arteries" effects-but neglecting the functional organization of urban production and consumption entities-the urban "organs" effects. Here, adopting a metabolic view and using water consumption as a proxy for metabolism, we empirically quantify the scaling of entity number, size, and metabolic rate for the functionally specific urban residential, commercial, public or institutional, and industrial sectors.

Associated Factors of Worrying About Loneliness Before Death.

Human beings' welfare is closely related to their social relationships, and lack of that relationship could result in social isolation and loneliness. Various types of loneliness have been discussed in the literature, but a sense of loneliness before death has received no attention. Thus, this study is conducted to better understand the mechanism and nature of that type of loneliness.

Implementing Health Policy Initiatives: An Effective Breastfeeding Teaching Strategy for Prelicensure Nursing Students.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is recommended by all health professional organizations. However, women cite lack of support from health professionals as a barrier to breastfeeding. Foundational nursing education does not prepare students (future nurses) to support breastfeeding women.

Scaling Analysis of Energy in Great Lakes Water Supplies.

Resource-scale quantification of energy in water supplies is important for local-scale sustainability and for regional-, national-, and global-scale assessments of the water-energy nexus. Water supply systems within a resource region are characterized by a homogeneity in system type but a heterogeneity in system size. Size heterogeneity has traditionally imposed large challenges to energy quantification because of nonlinearities.

Testing a Silver Nanowire Catalyst for the Selective CO₂ Reduction in a Gas Diffusion Electrode Half-cell Setup Enabling High Mass Transport Conditions.

In this work, we discuss the application of a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) setup for benchmarking electrocatalysts for the reductive conversion of CO₂ (CO₂ RR: CO₂ reduction reaction). Applying a silver nanowire (Ag-NW) based catalyst, it is demonstrated that in the GDE setup conditions can be reached, which are relevant for the industrial conversion of CO₂ to CO. This reaction is part of the so-called 'Rheticus' process that uses the CO for the subsequent production of butanol and hexanol based on a fermentation approach.

Examining the Structure Sensitivity of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Pt Single-Crystal Electrodes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study.

In the present work we investigate the structure sensitivity of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) combining electrochemistry, in situ spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The intrinsic difficulty of such studies is the fact that at electrode potentials where the OER is observed, the electrode material is highly oxidized. As a consequence, the surface structure during the reaction is in general ill-defined and only scarce knowledge exists concerning the structure-activity relationship of this important reaction.

Patching the Pathway and Widening the Pipeline: Models for Developing a Diverse Early Childhood Workforce in Chicago.

With the growing appreciation of the importance of early learning experiences for children's healthy development, attention to the cultivation and maintenance of a qualified workforce has steadily increased. Such a workforce must have not just the knowledge and skills related to child development and early learning, but also be linguistically and culturally prepared to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse child and family population. To ensure a highly qualified workforce, programs and policymakers must attend to both the "pipeline" through which new early childhood educators (ECEs) enter the workforce and the "pathways" by which ECEs work toward and obtain the necessary education and credentials for different roles within the field.

Evaluation of chemokine CXCL10 in human gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, and serum as periodontitis biomarker.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate CXCL10 as a biomarker for periodontitis by determining the CXCL10 levels in saliva, serum, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from periodontally healthy control subjects and adult subjects with chronic periodontitis.

Patients And Methods: Adult patients seeking dental treatment at Umm Al-Qura University dental clinic underwent a complete periodontal examination, and saliva, serum, and GCF samples were collected. Subjects were classified as chronic periodontitis patients (n=31) if they have a periodontal probing depth (PD) of ≥4 mm and/or clinical attachment level (CAL) of ≥3 mm in >30% of the teeth.

Implementing a Breastfeeding Toolkit for Nursing Education.

All health professional organizations recommend exclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months, with continued breastfeeding for 1 year or more after birth. Women cite lack of support from health professionals as a barrier to breastfeeding. Meanwhile, breastfeeding education is not considered essential to basic nursing education and students are not adequately prepared to support breastfeeding women.

Organization and scaling in water supply networks.

Public water supply is one of the society's most vital resources and most costly infrastructures. Traditional concepts of these networks capture their engineering identity as isolated, deterministic hydraulic units, but overlook their physics identity as related entities in a probabilistic, geographic ensemble, characterized by size organization and property scaling. Although discoveries of allometric scaling in natural supply networks (organisms and rivers) raised the prospect for similar findings in anthropogenic supplies, so far such a finding has not been reported in public water or related civic resource supplies.

IRB Problems and Solutions in Health Communication Research.

In this article, we contribute to the current literature on the difficulties that social scientists encounter with IRBs, but with a focus on the distinct challenges that health communication scholars face in dealing with IRBs at their own institutions and elsewhere. Although health communication researchers, like other communication researchers, can expect to face many of the same challenges that their social science colleagues face during the IRB process, the researcher narratives we present in this article suggest that health communication research presents some distinct challenges because the communication interactions that we investigate occur in highly protected, private spaces, including the medical exam room, online patient forums, and electronic health records. To that end, we present a series of examples in which health communication researchers were able to find solutions or workarounds to the challenges they faced in gaining IRB approval for their research.

Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction.

Rapid morphological change has been shown in rodent populations on islands, including endemic deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus subspp.) on the California Channel Islands. Surprisingly, most of these changes were towards a smaller size.

Genetic improvement of plants for enhanced bio-ethanol production.

The present world energy situation urgently requires exploring and developing alternate, sustainable sources for fuel. Biofuels have proven to be an effective energy source but more needs to be produced to meet energy goals. Whereas first generation biofuels derived from mainly corn and sugarcane continue to be used and produced, the contentious debate between "feedstock versus foodstock" continues.

E1A oncogene expression inhibits PTHrP P3 promoter activity and sensitizes human prostate cancer cells to TNF-induced apoptosis.

In the advanced stages of prostate cancer, tumor cells can evolve to become androgen-independent and resistant to injury-induced apoptosis. Tumor cell expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) may contribute to the apoptosis phenotype. Expression of the adenovirus E1A oncogene repressed PTHrP promoter and mRNA expression in human PC-3 prostate cancer cells and increased the caspase 3 activation and sensitivity of these cells to apoptosis triggered by tumor necrosis factor alpha.