An open-access dataset of naturalistic viewing using simultaneous EEG-fMRI.

In this work, we present a dataset that combines functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) to use as a resource for understanding human brain function in these two imaging modalities. The dataset can also be used for optimizing preprocessing methods for simultaneously collected imaging data. The dataset includes simultaneously collected recordings from 22 individuals (ages: 23-51) across various visual and naturalistic stimuli.

Magneto-optics in a van der Waals magnet tuned by self-hybridized polaritons.

Controlling quantum materials with light is of fundamental and technological importance. By utilizing the strong coupling of light and matter in optical cavities, recent studies were able to modify some of their most defining features. Here we study the magneto-optical properties of a van der Waals magnet that supports strong coupling of photons and excitons even in the absence of external cavity mirrors.

Femtosecond Optical Kerr Gate in tissues.

The Optical Kerr Effect is investigated for the first time in biological tissues. This nonlinear effect was explored in both human brain and avian breast tissues using a time-resolved femtosecond pump-probe Optical Kerr Gate that looks for phase changes that arise in the probe from the pump induced Kerr refractive index change. The tissue samples produced a unique ultrafast (700-800 fs) doubled peaked temporal signal, which is indicative of interplay between the different ultrafast mechanisms (electronic plasma and molecular) that make up the Kerr index.

The reduction of saccadic inhibition by distractor repetition.

When visual distractors are presented far from the goal of an impending voluntary saccadic eye movement, saccade execution will occur less frequently about 90 ms after distractor appearance, a phenomenon known as saccadic inhibition. However, it is also known that neural responses in visual and visuomotor areas of the brain will be attenuated if a visual stimulus appears several times in the same location in rapid succession. In particular, such visual adaptation can affect neurons in the mammalian superior colliculus (SC).

Liquid Viscosity Sensor Using a Surface Acoustic Wave Device for Medical Applications Including Blood and Plasma.

Blood viscosity is the defining health indicator for hyperviscosity syndrome patients. This paper introduces an alternative approach for the real-time monitoring of blood viscosity by employing a surface-horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) device at room temperature. A novel bi-layer waveguide is constructed on top of the SAW device.

Interaction-driven transport of dark excitons in 2D semiconductors with phonon-mediated optical readout.

The growing field of quantum information technology requires propagation of information over long distances with efficient readout mechanisms. Excitonic quantum fluids have emerged as a powerful platform for this task due to their straightforward electro-optical conversion. In two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, the coupling between spin and valley provides exciting opportunities for harnessing, manipulating, and storing bits of information.

A 3D-printed orthopedic implant with dual-effect synergy based on MoS and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for tumor therapy and bone regeneration.

Treatments for malignant bone tumors are urgently needed to be developed due to the dilemma of precise resection of tumor tissue and subsequent bone defects. Although polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) has widely attracted attention in the orthopedic field, its bioinertness and poor osteogenic properties significantly restrict its applications in bone tumor treatment. To tackle the daunting issue, we use a hydrothermal technique to fabricate novel PEEK scaffolds modified with molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles.

Femtosecond Optical Kerr Gates in Cancerous Breast Tissue for a New Optical Biopsy Method.

The Optical Kerr Effect was demonstrated for the first time as a new optical biopsy method to detect normal and grades of cancer of human breast tissues. The technique works by temporally tracking the various electronic and molecular processes that give rise to the nonlinear index of refraction (n). The rate at which these processes populate and dissipate varies depending on the internal properties of the sample.

Novel Evoked Synaptic Activity Potentials (ESAPs) Elicited by Spinal Cord Stimulation.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) evokes fast epidural evoked compound action potential (ECAP) that represent activity of dorsal column axons, but not necessarily a spinal circuit response. Using a multimodal approach, we identified and characterized a delayed and slower potential evoked by SCS that reflects synaptic activity within the spinal cord. Anesthetized female Sprague Dawley rats were implanted with an epidural SCS lead, epidural motor cortex stimulation electrodes, an epidural spinal cord recording lead, an intraspinal penetrating recording electrode array, and intramuscular electromyography (EMG) electrodes in the hindlimb and trunk.

Rapid sterilisation and diabetic cutaneous regeneration using cascade bio-heterojunctions through glucose oxidase-primed therapy.

The cutaneous wound in diabetic patients frequently encounters intractable pathogenic infections due to the hyperglycemia micromilieu which is conducive to bacterial growth and multiplication. Despite the extensive clinical use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections, the emergence of drug-resistant and super pathogens as well as the potential side effects of antibiotics have elicited alarming challenges to public health. To address this daunting concern, we devise and develop a photo-activated cascade bio-heterojunctions (C-bio-HJs) for rapid sterilization and diabetic cutaneous regeneration.

Modulating nanostructure morphology and mesomorphic properties using unsaturation in cardanol-azo benzenes.

Herein, we report the synthesis and self-assembly of a new class of amphiphilic azo dyes derived from a plant-based phenol, cardanol. Analysis of the self-assembly of these new azo derivatives was intriguing, and they exhibit some unique nanostructures, such as bicelles and microgel-like structures, and smectic-type thermotropic mesophases.

Dispersion braiding and band knots in plasmonic arrays with broken symmetries.

Periodic arrays can support highly nontrivial modal dispersion, stemming from the interplay between localized resonances of the array elements and distributed resonances supported by the lattice. Recently, intentional defects in the periodicity, i.e.

Stationary Charge Radiation in Anisotropic Photonic Time Crystals.

Time metamaterials offer a great potential for wave manipulation, drawing increasing attention in recent years. Here, we explore the exotic wave dynamics of an anisotropic photonic time crystal (APTC) formed by an anisotropic medium whose optical properties are uniformly and periodically changed in time. Based on a temporal transfer matrix formalism, we show that a stationary charge embedded in an APTC emits radiation, in contrast to the case of isotropic photonic time crystals, and its distribution in momentum space is controlled by the APTC band structure.

Size and proximity of micro-scale hard-inclusions increase the risk of rupture in fibroatheroma-like laboratory models.

Increased mechanical stresses of the fibroatheroma cap tissue is a crucial risk factor on the pathogenesis of asymptomatic coronary artery disease events. Moreover, both numerical and analytical studies have shown that microcalcifications (μCalcs) located in the fibrous cap can multiply the cap tissue stress by a factor of 2-7. This stress amplification depends on the ratio of the gap between particles (h) and their diameter (D) when they are aligned along the tensile axis.

A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study of thalamic load-dependent working memory delay period activity.

Introduction: Working memory (WM) is an essential component of executive functions which depend on maintaining task-related information online for brief periods in both the presence and absence of interfering stimuli. Active maintenance occurs during the WM delay period, the time between stimulus encoding and subsequent retrieval. Previous studies have extensively documented prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex activity during the WM delay period, but the role of subcortical structures including the thalamus remains to be fully elucidated, especially in humans.

Feeling ready: neural bases of prospective motor readiness judgements.

The idea that human agents voluntarily control their actions, including their spontaneous movements, strongly implies an anticipatory awareness of action. That is, agents should be aware they are about to act before actually executing a movement. Previous research has identified neural signals that could underpin prospective conscious access to motor preparation, including the readiness potential and the beta-band event-related desynchronization.

Rejection Distress Suppresses Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Borderline Personality Disorder.

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by an elevated distress response to social exclusion (i.e., rejection distress), the neural mechanisms of which remain unclear.

Perovskite Microlaser Integration with Metasurface Supporting Topological Waveguiding.

Halide perovskite nano- and microlasers have become a very convenient tool for many applications from sensing to reconfigurable optical chips. Indeed, they exhibit outstanding emission robustness to crystalline defects due to so-called "defect tolerance" allowing for their simple chemical synthesis and further integration with various photonic designs. Here we demonstrate that such robust microlasers can be combined with another class of resilient photonic components, namely, with topological metasurfaces supporting topological guided boundary modes.

Inhibition of Abl Kinase by Imatinib Can Rescue the Compromised Barrier Function of 22q11.2DS Patient-iPSC-Derived Blood-Brain Barriers.

We have previously established that the integrity of the induced blood-brain barrier (iBBB) formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells derived from the iPSC of 22q11.2 DS (22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, also called DiGeorge Syndrome) patients is compromised.

Identifying Splitting Through Sentiment Analysis.

In Kernerg's Object Relations Theory model of personality pathology, splitting, the mutual polarization of aspects of experience, is thought to result in a failure of identity integration. The authors sought to identify a clinician-independent, automated measure of splitting by examining 54 subjects' natural speech. Splitting in these individuals, recruited from the community, was investigated and evaluated with a shortened version of the Structured Interview of Personality Organization (STIPO-R).

Neural computing with coherent laser networks.

We show that coherent laser networks (CLNs) exhibit emergent neural computing capabilities. The proposed scheme is built on harnessing the collective behavior of laser networks for storing a number of phase patterns as stable fixed points of the governing dynamical equations and retrieving such patterns through proper excitation conditions, thus exhibiting an associative memory property. It is discussed that despite the large storage capacity of the network, the large overlap between fixed-point patterns effectively limits pattern retrieval to only two images.

The effect of visual target presence and age on antisaccade performance.

Antisaccade and prosaccade (PS) performance were studied in a large cohort of females (age range 42-74 yr). Antisaccade performance was assessed in two variants of the task, a "traditional" antisaccade (TA) task, in which no visual stimuli were present at the saccade goal, and a visually guided antisaccade (VGA) task, in which small visual stimuli were present at the possible saccade goals prior to the imperative visual stimulus. Directional error frequency was similar in the two antisaccade tasks.

Carbon Surface-Influenced Heterogeneity of Ni and Co Catalytic Sites as a Factor Affecting the Efficiency of Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Highly porous carbon black and micro/mesoporous activated carbon were impregnated with cobalt and nickel nitrates, followed by heat treatment at 850 °C in nitrogen. Detailed information about chemistry and porosity was obtained using XPS, XRD, TEM/EDX, and nitrogen adsorption. The samples were used as ORR catalysts.