[Ectopic biliary varices as a cause of portal biliopathy and mechanical jaundice syndrome].

The authors consider ectopic biliary varices as a possible cause of portal biliopathy in extrahepatic portal hypertension. The main diagnostic methods including ultrasound CT, MRI, endoscopic ultrasonography, cholangioscopy, difficulties of differential diagnosis and clinical manifestations of portal biliopathy are presented. Various treatment options including portosystemic shunting and endoscopic biliary decompression are discussed.

[The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma].

The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was prepared by the group of experts consisting of surgeons, interventional radiologists, radiation therapists and oncologists. The purposes of this consensus are clarification and consolidation of opinions of multidisciplinary team on the following issues of management of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: indications for surgical treatment, features of therapeutic tactics for mechanical jaundice, technical aspects of liver resection, prevention of post-resection liver failure, indications for liver resection using transplantation technologies, laparoscopic and robot-assisted liver resection, perioperative systemic chemotherapy, local non-resection/non-radiotherapy methods of treatment, radiotherapy, follow-up and choice of treatment for recurrence.

Proteomic Spectrum of Serum Exosomes in Ischemic Stroke Patients Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in the Post-Stroke Period.

Ischemic stroke (IS) and subsequent neuropsychiatric disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Several strategies have been previously proposed to utilize exosomes for assessing the risk of IS-related diseases. The aim of this work was to evaluate serum exosomal proteins in IS patients during the chronic post-stroke period and to search for their associations with the development of post-stroke mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Targeted metabolomic profiling of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolomic investigations may be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). STEMI patients were comprehensively examined via targeted metabolomic profiling, machine learning and weighted correlation network analysis.

The Use of Thoracoscopic Release in the Surgical Correction of Thoracic Scoliosis in Children.

Introduction: Recently, the use of thoracoscopic methods in spinal deformity surgery has increased, however, the issue of the effectiveness of combining anterior release with posterior spinal fusion compared to single-stage posterior instrumentation remains controversial, which raises the issue of the effectiveness and feasibility of their use.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic anterior release for thoracic scoliosis in children.

Material And Method: A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 48 patients with idiopathic scoliosis of the thoracic spine aged 12-17 years, with a thoracic curve of more than 60°, was carried out.

Dataset of human skin and fingernails images for non-invasive haemoglobin level assessment.

Anaemia, a decrease in total concentration of haemoglobin (Hb) in blood, affects substantial percentage of the population worldwide. Currently, the gold standard for determining the Hb level is the invasive analysis of venous blood. Yet, more and more research groups demonstrate the possibility of non-invasive Hb assessment using white light imaging of tissue sites where Hb is the main chromophore, in particular, fingernails.

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and RGB-imaging: a comparative study of non-invasive haemoglobin assessment.

Non-invasive assessment of haemoglobin (Hb) level in blood is a hot spot in the point-of-care biomedical diagnostics. Several optical methods are suggested as a solution, some of them being approved for clinical use. Still, there is no consensus on the accuracy of optical techniques, the quality of Hb assessment on different tissue sites, and on the ability of combined use of several optical techniques to improve the quality of Hb level prediction.

Use of Neuroendoscopy in Combination Treatment of a Three-Year-Old Patient With Primary Disseminated Medulloblastoma: A Case Report.

A three-year-four-month-old boy with primary disseminated medulloblastoma M3 stage and secondary occlusive hydrocephalus underwent an endoscopic triventriculocisternostomy (ETVC) and tumor biopsy, followed by ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement due to ETVC failure. The treatment regimen, which included intensive induction chemotherapy, proton beam therapy (PBT), and maintenance chemotherapy, led to significant clinical improvement and a complete radiological response. Four years post-treatment, the child remains in remission, illustrating the effectiveness of a multimodal approach in managing complex cases of medulloblastoma in pediatric patients.

Randomized phase II dose comparison LITESPARK-013 study of belzutifan in patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Belzutifan is a first-in-class hypoxia-inducible factor subunit 2α (HIF-2α) inhibitor approved at a dose of 120 mg once daily for certain adults with VHL disease and adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) following therapy with a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) [or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)] inhibitor and a vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. However, whether the belzutifan dose could be optimized is unclear.

Patients And Methods: The phase II LITESPARK-013 study (NCT04489771) enrolled patients with advanced clear cell RCC whose disease progressed after one to three prior systemic therapies, including an anti-PD-(L)1 regimen.

Efficacy and Safety of Levilimab in Combination with Methotrexate in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: 56-Week Results of Phase III Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial SOLAR.

Unlabelled: . Previously, 24-week results of phase III double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical study (SOLAR) of levilimab in subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) proved a superiority of levilimab over placebo. Here, we present 1-year efficacy and safety data of the SOLAR study.

Ceramides As Potential New Predictors of the Severity of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Conjunction with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Acute coronary events (ACEs) associated with a SARS-CoV-2 infection can significantly differ from classic ACEs. New biomarkers, such as ceramides, may help in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. This study included 73 ACE patients for whom the SARS-CoV-2 infection was verified.

[The diagnostic effectiveness of criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in the Russian clinical practice].

Objective: To compare the diagnostic criteria of 2006 (DC 2006) and 2015 (DC 2015) in the Russian population of patients with suspected neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), with the calculation of their sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and predictive value.

Material And Methods: We reviewed medical records of suspected NMOSD patients who were therefore examined for the presence of serum autoantibodies targeting the aquaporin-4 water channel protein (AQP4-IgG) in 6 specialized Russian (Nizhny Novgorod and Moscow) medical centers. One hundred patients (78 female), aged 17 to 74 years (mean 38.

[Modern approaches to rational combination pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis].

Allergic rhinitis (AR) can significantly reduce the quality of life of patients leading to increased fatigue, mood changes, cognitive impairment, and depression. In clinical practice, insufficient effectiveness of initial AR monotherapy is often noted, and a significant proportion of patients referring for medical care have moderate-severe AR. In this regard, the issues of optimization of combined pharmacological treatment of AR are becoming more and more urgent.

Surgical treatment of recurrent herniated discs of the lumbar spine depending on risk factors.

Unlabelled: According to the literature, recurrent disc herniation of the lumbar spine occurs in 5-10% of cases. Objective. To develop an algorithm for surgical treatment of recurrent lumbar spine disc herniation based on analysis of risk factors of relapse and assessment of intra- and postoperative period.

[Cases of successful thrombus extraction in ischemic stroke associated with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19].

The issues of effective treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) are relevant, since it leads to a high percentage of disability and mortality throughout the world. The article presents 4 cases of patients with various pathogenetic variants of IS that developed against the background of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 (degree of lung damage: CT-0 and CT1). Due to the presence of symptomatic occlusion of a large artery, these patients successfully underwent cerebral angiography followed by mechanical thrombus extraction (MTE), after which a significant improvement in neurological symptoms was observed.

[Artificial ventilation in patients with stroke: main results of the Russian multicenter observational clinical trial RETAS].

Objective: To analyze the relationship between the characteristics of respiratory support (RS) for patients with stroke and clinical factors with the number and structure of complications, deaths, and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and duration of artificial pulmonary ventilation (ALV).

Material And Methods: The Russian multicenter observational clinical study «Respiratory Therapy for Acute Stroke» (RETAS) that enrolled 1289 patients with stroke requiring RS was conducted under the auspices of the All-Russian public organization «Federation of Anesthesiologists and Resuscitators». Indications for ALV, the use of hyperventilation, the maximum level of positive end-expiratory pressure, starting modes of mechanical ventilation, timing of tracheostomy, the incidence of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and infectious complications were analyzed.

Pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome: is it the same as an adult?

Importance: Antiphospholipid syndrome in neonates and children is a rare, but in some cases life-threatening condition with arterial and/or venous thrombosis and/or non-thrombotic neurological, skin, ophthalmological and other manifestations.

Observations: This review highlights the available information about the features of pediatric APS, including the rare catastrophic form, the differences between pediatric and adult APS, and the role of genetic thrombophilia in APS manifestation.

Conclusions And Relevance: The clinical manifestations and treatment options for APS in children may differ from those in adults, and prescribing therapy can be challenging due to the unique clinical and morphological characteristics of the pediatric patient.

Impact of war on stroke incidence in Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.

Stroke is an extensive health problem in Ukraine, the prominence and effects of which are aggravated by the burden of the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. In this study, we aimed to holistically examine the overall stroke epidemiology in Ivano-Frankivsk using data from a secondary healthcare center in the city. We determine an increasing trend in stroke admissions since 2020, with a notable 22.

[Endovascular technologies in the treatment of patients with blunt abdominal trauma].

Trauma is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in working-age population. Abdominal injuries comprise 20-30% of traumas. Uncontrolled bleeding is the main cause of death in 30-40% of patients.