Challenges and expectations of international medical graduates moving to the UK: An online survey.

Introduction: International medical graduates (IMGs) account for 41% of the UK doctor's workforce but often work in isolated roles, receive minimal constructive feedback regarding their work and offered limited opportunities for career progression. We conducted a survey researching the views of IMGs or doctors from ethnic minority backgrounds on the support given to them.

Methods: A survey was carried out on physician demographics, grade and date of first NHS appointment, familiarity and support offered in NHS, induction and study leave, Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board exams and General Medical Council (GMC) referrals.

Corrigendum to [BJA Education 22 (2022) 440-7].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.

Molecular evolution in food allergy diagnosis.

Traditional allergological diagnostics often provide laboratory data that seem to correspond with similar positive results in different patients. However, with technological developments and the introduction of molecular diagnostics, it is possible to extract and highlight the differences in the serological laboratory data, to obtain detailed specificity on the various allergen components in different clinical settings. Allergological diagnostics prove to be increasingly useful in accurately distinguishing "cross-reactivity" and "cosensitization".

Staphylococcus lugdunensis native tricuspid valve endocarditis: a case report and review of literature.

Coagulase negative staphylococci are skin commensals and are generally disregarded as contaminants in clinical specimens. Repeated isolation of coagulase negative staphylococci in blood cultures should warrant a species identification to recognize unusually virulent organisms that demand aggressive treatment, such as Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Staphylococcus lugdunensis is known to cause a wide variety of infections, including a predominant left-sided endocarditis.

Octreotide for symptomatic treatment of diarrhea due to cytomegalovirus colitis.

Objective: To report the improvement of diarrhea in a patient with cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis who was treated with octreotide after failure of loperamide.

Case Summary: An 84-year-old male presented with chronic diarrhea and CMV colitis; he had been experiencing protracted diarrhea since 2006. In October 2009 he failed a 21-day course of valgancyclovir 900 mg orally twice daily.

Thyroid metastases from typical carcinoid of the lung differentiating between medullary thyroid carcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor metastasis to the thyroid.

Background: Although very rare, carcinoid tumors of the lung may present as thyroid metastatic nodules, thus raising diagnostic difficulties for clinicians, surgeons, and pathologists. The most problematic differential diagnosis is with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor showing cytological and histological features similar to those of a lung carcinoid.

Summary: We report a case of thyroid metastases from a typical carcinoid of the lung.

The abdominoinguinal incision: the equivalent of thoracoabdominal incision for the lower quadrants of the abdomen.

In the past, tumors of the iliac fossa, those of the area of the external iliac vessels, and those fixed to the wall of the lesser pelvis with extension into and involvement of the pubic bone were often considered unresectable through the conventional surgical incisions or were treated with hemipelvectomy. For such tumors, although there was exposure of the cephalad aspect through routine incisions, there was lack of exposure on the caudal or lateral aspects, which often extended anteriorly to involve the lower abdominal wall or continued behind the inguinal ligament or through the obturator foramen into the thigh. The abdominoinguinal incision provides exposure for resection of the majority of these tumors with preservation of the extremity.

Richter hernia of the stomach.

A case report is presented of Richter hernia of the stomach, after en bloc excision of multiple organs for sarcoma of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. To our knowledge this is the first case reported in the literature. The conditions for the development of this hernia are : (1) the freeing of the greater curvature of the stomach (following removal of the spleen and tail of the pancreas); and (2) fascial dehiscence following a left thoracoabdominal incision involving rib resection.

The role of subacute rehabilitation services after brain injury.

Subacute rehabilitation is increasingly being used as a treatment option in the continuum of care. What constitutes subacute rehabilitation has not been uniformly defined. Therefore, considerable variability exists in subacute rehabilitation programs.