Evaluation of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine for the prevention of COVID-19 (COPCOV): A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has proved ineffective in treating patients hospitalised with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), but uncertainty remains over its safety and efficacy in chemoprevention. Previous chemoprevention randomised controlled trials (RCTs) did not individually show benefit of HCQ against COVID-19 and, although meta-analysis did suggest clinical benefit, guidelines recommend against its use.

Methods And Findings: Healthy adult participants from the healthcare setting, and later from the community, were enrolled in 26 centres in 11 countries to a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial of COVID-19 chemoprevention.

The association of the COVID-19 outbreak with in-hospital mortality: A single-centre study from Indonesia.

Objective: The early outbreak period of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has affected the emergency department (ED) and hospital services in many countries. This study aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 outbreak and in-hospital mortality in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a single-centre referral hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Rare cardiac complication of toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent host.

Myocarditis is a rare complication of toxoplasmosis, especially in immunocompetent individuals. We present a case of a 28-year-old man with a history of fever and chest pain suggestive of myocarditis. Fever, along with lymphadenopathy, electrocardiography, imaging, and serologic testing, showed as the probable etiology.

High dose oral rifampicin to improve survival from adult tuberculous meningitis: A randomised placebo-controlled double-blinded phase III trial (the HARVEST study).

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), results in death or neurological disability in >50%, despite World Health Organisation recommended therapy. Current TBM regimen dosages are based on data from pulmonary TB alone. Evidence from recent phase II pharmacokinetic studies suggests that high dose rifampicin (R) administered intravenously or orally enhances central nervous system penetration and may reduce TBM associated mortality.

Significance of the Association between Disc Degeneration Changes on Imaging and Low Back Pain: A Review Article.

Low back pain (LBP) is a major health issue resulting in a huge economic burden on the community. It not only increases the medical costs directly, but also raises the disability and loss of productivity in the general population. Symptoms include local pain over the spinal area, pain radiating to the lower leg, stiffness, and muscle tension.

The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico.

Dengue infections are still a worldwide burden, especially in Indonesia. There is no specific medication against the dengue virus. Recently, many types of research have been conducted to discover a new drug for dengue virus using natural resource extracts.

Effectiveness of a comprehensive integrated module using interactive lectures and workshops in understanding and knowledge retention about infant feeding practice in fifth year medical students: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: Sixty percent of the 10.9 million under-5 deaths every year are related to malnutrition. More than two thirds of malnutrition is caused by inappropriate infant feeding practice.

A review on the safety of one-stage circumferential ring constriction release.

The study was undertaken to investigate the use of one-stage circumferential ring-constriction release with Z-plasties regarding the safety, aesthetic appearance, and limb function. A thorough review was conducted on all English publications in PubMed during the period of 2001 through 2011. Titles and abstracts were identified using online search engine from National Library of Medicine's PubMed database under the keywords "limb constriction ring," "limb constriction band," "amniotic band," "annular constriction," and "circumferential constriction.

Tips and tricks to make case report.

The main purpose of a case report is to educate clinicians about the clinical features, investigation, and/or the treatment of patients with unusual problems. It is important to remember that all the rules that apply to other forms of medical writing, also apply equally to case reports. The IMRAD format ( introduction, methods, results, and discussion) that one sees in reports of clinical research might not always be appropriate for case reports.