Relationship between skeletal muscle mass change and swallowing function improvement among stroke patients with dysphagia during rehabilitation.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in skeletal muscle mass and improvements in swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia during rehabilitation.

Methods: The study included 145 patients with a stroke or dysphagia. The two groups were divided into two groups: those with improved skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) at discharge and those without.

Improved trunk muscle quality in patients with stroke increases improvements in activities of daily living.

Background: This study aimed to determine whether an increased trunk muscle quality index (TMQI) is associated with activities of daily living (ADL) in patients ≥ 65 years of age with cerebral infarction in a convalescent rehabilitation ward.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted for post-stroke rehabilitation in Okinawa, Japan, between May 2018 and December 2022. The TMQI was calculated at admission and discharge using bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Reduced trunk muscle mass in patients with stroke is associated with reduced balance function recovery.

Background & Aims: Skeletal muscles are essential for postural retention and balance function. However, the relationship between trunk muscle mass (TMM) and balance function has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to examine the impact of TMM on the change in balance function in patients with stroke from admission to a rehabilitation hospital to discharge.

Low muscle mass in patients with stroke on admission reduces walking ability at discharge.

Background & Aims: Reduced skeletal muscle mass may negatively influence postural retention and walking function. This study aimed to examine the influence of the skeletal muscle mass index on walking function in patients with stroke.

Methods: This study included patients with cerebral infarction aged ≥65 years.

Impact of increased trunk muscle mass on trunk function and activities of daily living in older individuals with cerebral infarction.

Background & Aims: The association between trunk muscle mass or trunk function or trunk muscle strength and activities of daily living (ADLs) has been reported, but no studies have examined the impact of increased trunk muscle mass on trunk function or ADL. This study aimed to determine whether increased trunk muscle mass is associated with trunk function and ADL in older individuals with cerebral infarction during rehabilitation.

Methods: This retrospective observational study enrolled 158 patients with cerebral infarction aged ≥65 years who were admitted for post-stroke rehabilitation.

Correlation between trunk function improvement and recovery of activities of daily living after stroke in older adult patients.

Objectives: To examine the impact of improved trunk function on activities of daily living in stroke patients using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM).

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted on patients aged ≥ 65 years who had cerebral infarction. Patients were divided into a group with improved trunk function and a group without trunk function improvement based on the difference between the calculated Functional Assessment for Control of Trunk (FACT) gain at discharge and admission.

Effect of 3-week preoperative rehabilitation on pain and daily physical activities in patients with severe osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Background: We hypothesized that 3 weeks of preoperative rehabilitation could improve postoperative pain in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 3 weeks of preoperative rehabilitation on postoperative pain after TKA.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 29 subjects (41 knees) divided into two groups: the preoperative rehabilitation group included 14 subjects (20 knees) and the control group included 15 subjects (21 knees).

Serum concentrations of ketones increase after hand-ergometer exercise in persons with cervical spinal cord injuries: a preliminary prospective study.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Objectives: To compare lipid profiles during moderate-intensity exercise between persons with cervical spinal cord injuries (SCI) and able-bodied controls (AB).

Setting: Wakayama Medical University, Japan.

Differences in Muscle Fatigability of Vastus Medialis between Sexes Using Surface Electromyographic Power Spectral Analysis in Healthy Adults.

Objectives: With a relatively high percentage of type I fibers in the vastus medialis (VM), its fatigability may be more sensitive to the effects of muscle activity in the quadriceps. However, sex-related differences in the muscle fatigability of the VM remain unknown. The purpose of the present study was to assess the differences in fatigability of the VM between healthy adult men and women.

Factors in the acquisition of independent walking in patients with cerebral infarction using decision tree analysis.

Objectives: Independent walking is considered a rehabilitation factor for patients with stroke. There are no reports examining the predictors of independent walking at approximately one month after stroke onset. We aimed to examine factors related to the degree of independent walking, using a decision tree analysis, in patients with stroke.

Indicators of Improvement in Performing Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients Undergoing Rehabilitation Following Hip Fractures.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between improvement in activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive status during rehabilitation and assess factors associated with ADL improvement among older patients undergoing rehabilitation after hip fractures. This retrospective cohort study comprised 306 patients aged ≥80 years who underwent hip fracture rehabilitation. The functional independence measure gain during rehabilitation was significantly lower in the group with abnormal cognition than in the group with normal cognition.

Poor Oral Health Is a Factor that Attenuates the Effect of Rehabilitation in Older Male Patients with Fractures.

Background: Poor oral health can lead to poor general health. We hypothesized that poor oral health might be a factor that attenuates the effect of rehabilitation in older patients with fractures.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oral health in elderly patients with fractures and improvement in activities of daily living (ADL) through rehabilitation.

Evaluation of severe adverse events during rehabilitation for acute-phase patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Early mobilization decreases the likelihood of negative outcomes for acute-phase inpatients. Adverse events occurring during intensive care unit rehabilitation have previously been reported; however, no study has reported the incidence rates for adverse events during the acute rehabilitation phase. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of severe adverse events during acute-phase rehabilitation and evaluate them in detail.

Improved activities of daily living in elderly patients with increased skeletal muscle mass during vertebral compression fracture rehabilitation.

Purpose: We hypothesized that elderly patients with greater skeletal muscle mass have better activities of daily living (ADLs) than those with less skeletal muscle mass. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ADL improvement and changes in skeletal muscle mass among older patients ≥ 80 years of age who were undergoing rehabilitation for vertebral compression fracture (VCF).

Methods: This case-control study was conducted at a rehabilitation hospital.

Case Report: Rehabilitation for Lower Extremity Pain Due to Venous Stasis in a Patient With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Recently, it was reported that children recovering from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), which causes severe inflammation in multiple organs of the body. Because MIS-C is a new disease, the pathophysiology and prognosis are unknown. Owing to a lack of studies on this subject, we herein provide information on rehabilitation for children with MIS-C.

Older patients with less skeletal muscle mass gain more skeletal muscle in rehabilitation wards after fractures.

Background: We hypothesized that old patients could increase skeletal muscle mass after fractures by exercise rehabilitation, even if they have a low initial muscle mass.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle changes in older patients after fractures.

Methods: This case-control study took place in rehabilitation wards and included 807 patients aged ≥ 65 years with fractures.

Factors associated with actual skeletal muscle mass increase during hip fracture rehabilitation of persons aged 80 and older.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate actual skeletal muscle mass change and factors associated with its increase in patients aged ≥80 years undergoing hip fracture rehabilitation.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the rehabilitation hospital. Participants were 368 patients aged ≥80 years undergoing hip fracture rehabilitation.

Independent factors that attenuate the effectiveness of fracture rehabilitation in improving activities of daily living in female patients aged 80 years and above.

Background: Some factors, such as cognitive impairment, can attenuate the effectiveness of rehabilitation. We hypothesized that handgrip strength (HGS) might be one of the independent factors affecting the activities of daily living (ADL) improvements in patients with fractures.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between HGS and improvement in ADL during rehabilitation, and to assess the factors affecting ADL improvement among older patients ≥ 80 years with fractures.

Elderly Patients after Stroke Increase Skeletal Muscle Mass by Exercise Therapy in Rehabilitation Wards.

Background: Loss of skeletal muscle is a critical health issue that frequently occurs due to aging and various pathologies. No studies have reported increases in appendicular skeletal muscle mass among elderly patients after stroke. Our hypothesis was that even older individuals after stroke could increase skeletal muscle mass by rehabilitation.