Simultaneous utilization of CO and potassium-rich biomass for the environmentally friendly production of potassium formate.

The C chemical species, potassium formate (K(HCO)), known as a two-electron reducing agent, finds application in the synthesis of multi-carbon compounds, including oxalate, and plays a crucial role not only in the food and pharmaceutical industries but also across various sectors. However, the direct hydrogenation of CO to produce K(HCO) remains a challenge. Addressing this issue, efficient production of K(HCO) is achieved by integrating CO hydrogenation in a trickle-bed reactor using a heterogeneous catalyst with a novel separation method that utilizes potassium ions from biomass ash for formic acid derivative product isolation.

Electrochemical trifluoromethylation of alkynes: the unique role of DMSO as a masking auxiliary.

Recent advancements in eco-friendly radical fluoroalkylation have substituted traditional two-electron-based reactions. However, the radical trifluoromethylation of terminal alkynes remains a significant challenge, primarily due to the high reactivity of alkenyl radical intermediates, which predominantly engage in reactions other than the desired elimination. In this work, we have developed an electrochemical trifluoromethylation method for terminal alkynes, facilitating the efficient formation of CF-alkynes.

Effect of surface modification on silica supported Ti catalysts for cyclohexene oxidation with vapor-phase hydrogen peroxide.

Surface modification grafting of organic moieties on a Lewis acid catalyst (silica supported Ti catalyst, Ti-SiO) alters the activation of HO in vapor-phase cyclohexene epoxidation. Grafting a fluorous group (1,1-perfluoro-octyl) suppresses activity of Ti-SiO. Conversely, grafting either a nonpolar group (octyl) or a polar aprotic group (triethylene glycol monomethyl ether) enhances rates and shifts selectivity toward -1,2-cyclohexanediol.

Charge-recombinative triplet sensitization of alkenes for DeMayo-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition.

Synthetic photochemistry has undergone significant development, largely owing to the development of visible-light-absorbing photocatalysts (PCs). PCs have significantly improved the efficiency and precision of cycloaddition reactions, primarily through energy or electron transfer pathways. Recent research has identified photocatalysis that does not follow energy- or electron-transfer formalisms, indicating the existence of other, undiscovered photoactivation pathways.

Interface engineering of CeO nanoparticle/BiWO nanosheet nanohybrids with oxygen vacancies for oxygen evolution reactions under alkaline conditions.

Because of the interactive combination synergy effect, hetero interface engineering is used way for advancing electrocatalytic activity and durability. In this study, we demonstrate that a CeO/BiWO heterostructure is synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Electrochemical measurement results indicate that CeO/BiWO displays not only more OER catalytic active sites with an overpotential of 390 mV and a Tafel slope of 117 mV dec but also durability for 10 h (97.

Mediating Factors in Nursing Competency: A Structural Model Analysis for Nurses' Communication, Self-Leadership, Self-Efficacy, and Nursing Performance.

This study examined the structural relationship among clinical nurses' communication ability, self-leadership, self-efficacy, and nursing performance. A structural model analysis was applied to identify factors influencing nursing performance and analyze the effects of self-leadership and self-efficacy as mediators. A survey was conducted among clinical nurses working in general hospitals in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Gangwon Province of the Republic of Korea.

-Naphthoquinone-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of amines to fused pyrimidin-4(3)-ones: a convergent synthetic route to bouchardatine and sildenafil.

A facile access to fused pyrimidin-4(3)-one derivatives has been established by using the metal-free -naphthoquinone-catalyzed aerobic cross-coupling reactions of amines. The utilization of two readily available amines allowed a direct coupling strategy to quinazolinone natural product, bouchardatine, as well as sildenafil (Viagra™) in a highly convergent manner.

Fabrication of a paper strip for facile and rapid detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus signal enhancement by copper polyhedral nanoshells.

The detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), which is a pathogen inducing fatal gastrointestinal disease in cattle, is becoming a momentous issue in the livestock farm. In that, BVDV is related to inapparent infection and various diseases with high transmissibility; it has also led to considerable economic losses. In this study, a simple dot-blotting method was devised to construct a rapid screening system for BVDV.

Highly Uniform and Conducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin Films via Controlling the Dewetting Phenomenon.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have received substantial attention as alternatives to indium tin oxide for the production of transparent conductors. However, problems associated with the dewetting of liquid thin films have hindered the reliable fabrication of networked conducting CNT films via solution-based processes. In this study, the dewetting of liquid thin films containing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on substrates is successfully retarded by simply adding ethylene glycol to the SWCNT dispersion, and highly uniform SWCNT thin films are obtained using the meniscus-dragging deposition (MDD) method.

Fluoroalkenylation of boronic acids via an oxidative Heck reaction.

A fluoroalkenylation of boronic acids with fluoroalkyl alkenes has been developed. The Pd-catalyzed oxidative Heck coupling reaction proceeds under an oxygen atmosphere at room temperature, in the absence of a base and/or a ligand, showing excellent practicality of the process. This simple transformation is highly stereoselective to provide only E-isomers.

Highly sensitive metal-grid strain sensors water-based solution processing.

Strain sensor technologies have been spotlighted for their versatility for healthcare, soft robot, and human-robot applications. Expecting large future demands for such technology, extensive studies have investigated flexible and stretchable strain sensors based on various nanomaterials and metal films. However, it is still challenging to simultaneously satisfy parameters such as sensitivity, stretchability, linearity, hysteresis, and mass producibility.