Amyloid-Negative, Neurodegeneration-Negative Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: The concept of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) was developed to identify patients at an initial stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, some patients with aMCI do not present biomarkers of amyloid pathology or neuronal injury.

Objective: To know the natural history of amyloid-negative and neurodegeneration-negative patients with aMCI, namely to ascertain: 1) whether these patients remain cognitively stable or they present a slow decline in neuropsychological tests; 2) whether the memory complaints subside with the apparently benign clinical course of the disorder or if they persist along the time.

Protocol for ovariectomy and estradiol replacement in mice.

Ovariectomy, involving the surgical removal of ovaries, and estradiol replacement facilitate the understanding of sexual dimorphism-related physiological changes, encompassing reproductive biology, metabolism, and hormone-related diseases. In this study, we present a protocol for conducting ovariectomy and estradiol replacement in mice. We describe steps for performing sham and ovariectomy operations, outline preoperative preparations, and provide details on postoperative care, including analgesia administration and the removal of surgical clips.

Are we missing an opportunity? Prehospital delay in patients with acute ischemic stroke and known atrial fibrillation.

Introduction And Objectives: The follow-up of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) presents an opportunity to alert patients and their families on how to recognize and act in the event of stroke. Our aim was to compare stroke recognition-to-door time and prehospital stroke code activation in patients with known AF (KAF) and AF detected after stroke (AFDAS).

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients receiving acute recanalization treatment for acute ischemic stroke between January 2016 and August 2022, with AF as a potential stroke cause.

The Role of Neurohospitalism in a Specialized Cardiovascular Hospital.

Introduction: Cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery are among the specialties that most commonly require neurology inpatient consultations. We aimed to study the neurology referrals by the cardiovascular-specialized hospital included in our tertiary hospital center.

Methods: Retrospective study of consecutive patients referred for neurology inpatient consultation between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022.

Sex and body mass index impact on digit circumference for Leeds Dactylitis Index calculation.

Objectives: To estimate digit circumference and the impact of sex and body mass index (BMI) for the calculation of the Leeds Dactylitis Index (LDI) in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients with bilateral dactylitis.

Methods: Digit circumference of the hands and the foot were measured with a dactylometer and were studied according to sex and BMI (divided in 4 weight categories) in healthy Portuguese subjects, using Student's t-test and One-way ANOVA, respectively. The effect size of sex and BMI were calculated using Cohen's d test and Eta squared, respectively.

Corrigendum: The selective advantage of the operon for is conditional on diet and microbiota composition.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.

Astrocytic insulin receptor controls circadian behavior via dopamine signaling in a sexually dimorphic manner.

Mammalian circadian clocks respond to feeding and light cues, adjusting internal rhythms with day/night cycles. Astrocytes serve as circadian timekeepers, driving daily physiological rhythms; however, it's unknown how they ensure precise cycle-to-cycle rhythmicity. This is critical for understanding why mistimed or erratic feeding, as in shift work, disrupts circadian physiology- a condition linked to type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Prevalence and mortality of ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections (2018-2022).

Introduction: Ceftazidime/avibactam-resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) is a topic of great interest for epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutical reasons. However, data on its prevalence and burden on mortality in patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) are lacking. This study was aimed at identifying risk factors for mortality in patients suffering from ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp BSI.

Spectral library search for improved TMTpro labelled peptide assignment in human plasma proteomics.

Clinical biomarker discovery is often based on the analysis of human plasma samples. However, the high dynamic range and complexity of plasma pose significant challenges to mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Current methods for improving protein identifications require laborious pre-analytical sample preparation.

Hypothalamic astrocytic-BMAL1 regulates energy homeostasis in a sex-dependent manner.

Here, we demonstrate that hypothalamic astrocytic BMAL1 computes cyclic metabolic information to optimize energetic resources in a sexually dimorphic manner. Knockdown of BMAL1 in female astrocytes leads to negative energy balance and alters basal metabolic cycles without affecting circadian locomotor activity. Thus, astrocytic BMAL1 contributes to the control of energy balance through the modulation of the metabolic rate, hepatic and white adipose tissue lipogenesis, and the activity of brown adipose tissue.

Fluid extraction from the left-right organizer uncovers mechanical properties needed for symmetry breaking.

Humans and other vertebrates define body axis left-right asymmetry in the early stages of embryo development. The mechanism behind left-right establishment is not fully understood. Symmetry breaking occurs in a dedicated organ called the left-right organizer (LRO) and involves motile cilia generating fluid-flow therein.

HLA-E-restricted SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells from convalescent COVID-19 patients suppress virus replication despite HLA class Ia down-regulation.

Pathogen-specific CD8 T cell responses restricted by the nonpolymorphic nonclassical class Ib molecule human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E) are rarely reported in viral infections. The natural HLA-E ligand is a signal peptide derived from classical class Ia HLA molecules that interact with the NKG2/CD94 receptors to regulate natural killer cell functions, but pathogen-derived peptides can also be presented by HLA-E. Here, we describe five peptides from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that elicited HLA-E-restricted CD8 T cell responses in convalescent patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Neurophysiological and psychosocial mechanisms of fibromyalgia: A comprehensive review and call for an integrative model.

Research into the neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms involved in fibromyalgia has progressed remarkably in recent years. Despite this, current accounts of fibromyalgia fail to capture the complex, dynamic, and mutual crosstalk between neurophysiological and psychosocial domains. We conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature in order to: a) synthesize current knowledge on fibromyalgia; b) explore and highlight multi-level links and pathways between different systems; and c) build bridges connecting disparate perspectives.

Astrocytes actively support long-range molecular clock synchronization of segregated neuronal populations.

In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus is the master circadian pacemaker that synchronizes the clocks in the central nervous system and periphery, thus orchestrating rhythms throughout the body. However, little is known about how so many cellular clocks within and across brain circuits can be effectively synchronized. In this work, we investigated the implication of two possible pathways: (i) astrocytes-mediated synchronization and (ii) neuronal paracrine factors-mediated synchronization.

Zgli: A Pipeline for Clustering by Compression with Application to Patient Stratification in Spondyloarthritis.

The normalized compression distance (NCD) is a similarity measure between a pair of finite objects based on compression. Clustering methods usually use distances (e.g.

Discontinuation of disease-modifying therapy in MS patients over 60 years old and its impact on relapse rate and disease progression.

Background / Aims: The benefit of disease-modifying therapy (DMT) is unclear for older patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), namely those who have not experienced clinical disease activity for a prolonged time. We aimed to compare baseline differences and clinical outcomes between DMT discontinuers and continuers in a cohort of MS patients older than 60 years.

Methods: Retrospective, observational study identifying MS patients aged over 60 years, stable on DMT> 24 months.

Phytochemical Analysis and Antiproliferative Activity of Planch. (Fabaceae), a Medicinal Plant from Galicia (Spain).

The genus comprises thirteen accepted species of perennial shrubs in the family Fabaceae. In Galicia (Spain) many of these are considered spontaneous colonizing species, which are easy to establish and maintain. Among them, Planch.

Emotion regulation and the salience network: a hypothetical integrative model of fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances and other symptoms, and has a substantial socioeconomic impact. Current biomedical and psychosocial treatments are unsatisfactory for many patients, and treatment progress has been hindered by the lack of a clear understanding of the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia. We present here a model of fibromyalgia that integrates current psychosocial and neurophysiological observations.

Isolation and Mass Spectrometry Identification of K48 and K63 Ubiquitin Proteome Using Chain-Specific Nanobodies.

Protein ubiquitylation is an essential mechanism regulating almost all cellular functions in eukaryotes. The understanding of the role of distinct ubiquitin chains in different cellular processes is essential to identify biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis but also to open new therapeutic possibilities. The high complexity of ubiquitin chains complicates this analysis, and multiple strategies have been developed over the last decades.

Lymphocyte Subsets in Cervicovaginal Lavage Specimens of HIV-Infected Women: A Surrogate Risk Marker of HPV-Associated Cervical Lesions.

Introduction: To better understand the role of mucosa immunity in the development of cervical carcinoma in HIV infection, cervical lymphocyte subsets were characterized in HIV+ and HIV- women, as well as their relation to HPV-associated cervical lesions.

Methods: Eighty-three (52 HIV+, 31 HIV-) cell suspensions of cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and 52 HIV+ peripheral blood (PB) samples were assessed by flow cytometry to evaluate lymphoid populations. High-risk (HR) HPV was assessed in liquid-based cytology and HIV mRNA in PB in the same patients.