Overview of Genomic Tools for Circular Visualization in the Next-generation Genomic Sequencing Era.

After human genome sequencing and rapid changes in genome sequencing methods, we have entered into the era of rapidly accumulating genome-sequencing data. This has derived the development of several types of methods for representing results of genome sequencing data. Circular genome visual-ization tools are also critical in this area as they provide rapid interpretation and simple visualization of overall data.

Durability of resin bonding to zirconia ceramic after contamination and the use of various cleaning methods.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of contamination and different cleaning methods on the tensile bond strength with a phosphate monomer containing luting resin to zirconia ceramic.

Methods: After the contamination with saliva or silicone disclosing agent, 228 polished and airborne-particle abraded zirconia discs were ultrasonically cleaned with 99% isopropanol. In a second step, the specimens were either treated with argon-oxygen plasma, air plasma, enzymatic cleaning agent or did not undergo an additional cleaning process.

Fifteen-year outcome of three-unit fixed dental prostheses made from monolithic lithium disilicate ceramic.

Objectives: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical long-term outcome over 15 or more years of crown-retained fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made from a lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent AG).

Methods: Thirty-six three-unit FDPs replacing anterior (16%) and posterior (84%) teeth were inserted in 28 patients.

Mutational hotspots of HSP47 and its potential role in cancer and bone-disorders.

Heat shock protein 47 kDa (HSP47) serves as a client-specific chaperone, essential for collagen biosynthesis and its folding and structural assembly. To date, there is no comprehensive study on mutational hotspots. Using five different human mutational databases, we deduced a comprehensive list of human HSP47 mutations with 24, 67, 50, 43 and 2 deleterious mutations from the 1000 genomes data, gnomAD, COSMICv86, cBioPortal, and CanVar, respectively.

TRPA1 is selected as a semi-conserved channel during vertebrate evolution due to its involvement in spermatogenesis.

TRPA1 is a non-selective cation channel originated in invertebrates. The genomic locus containing TRPA1 gene remains highly conserved and retained in all vertebrates. TRPA1 gene is evolutionarily selected, yet maintained as a highly diverged protein.

Influence of different preparation forms on the loading-bearing capacity of zirconia cantilever FDPs. A laboratory study.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of inlay design and number of retainer wings on the failure load of all-ceramic resin-bonded inlay-retained cantilever fixed dental prostheses (IRCFDPs) made from a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) yttrium-oxide partially-stabilized zirconia framework(Y-TZP).

Methods: Sixty-four extracted human first molars were divided according to preparation design into four groups. Teeth were provided with IRCFDPs representing a premolar pontic and a retainer of variable design: (R1S) shallow inlay/one lingual retainer wing, (R2S) shallow inlay/two retainer wings (lingual/buccal), (R1D) deep inlay/one lingual retainer wing and (R2D) deep inlay/two retainer wings (lingual/buccal).

Proximal contact tightness of class Ⅱ bulk-fill composite resin restorations: An in vitro study.

This study investigated the effect of bulk-fill composites on proximal contact tightness (PCT) of composite restorations using different matrix systems. 150/standardized-MO-ivorine cavity preparations were divided into 5 groups; Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR), SonicFill (SF), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill (TEB), G-ænial Universal Flo (GF) and Tetric EvoCeram (TE). Each group was subdivided into 3 sub-groups (n=10); Dixieland band in Tofflemire retainer, FenderMate and Palodent plus matrix systems.

Effects of artificial aging and progression of cracks on thin occlusal veneers using SD-OCT.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of artificial aging on thin glass-ceramic occlusal premolar veneers, adhesively bonded to dentin, by examining the changes caused by artificial aging using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In addition, the development of cracks in the ceramic veneers and their possible influence on the behavior of the ceramic restorations were examined.

Methods: In total, 48 extracted sound upper premolars were prepared in the dentin for occlusal veneers milled from lithium disilicate ceramic blocks (IPS e.

Immune Response Regulation by Antigen Receptors' Clone-Specific Nonself Parts.

Antigen determinants (epitopes) are recognized by the combining sites (paratopes) of B and T cell antigen receptors (BCR/TCR), which again express clone-specific epitopes (idiotopes) that can be recognized by BCR/TCR not only of genetically different donors but also within the autologous immune system. While xenogeneic and allogeneic anti-idiotypic BCR/TCR are broadly cross-reactive, only autologous anti-idiotypes are truly specific and of functional regulatory relevance within a particular immune system. Autologous BCR/TCR idiotopes are (a) somatically created at the third complementarity-determining regions, (b) through mutations introduced into BCRs during adaptive immune responses, and (c) through the conformational impact of both.

Genome Sequencing and analyses of Two Marine Fungi from the North Sea Unraveled a Plethora of Novel Biosynthetic Gene Clusters.

Marine Fungi are potent secondary metabolite producers. However, limited genetic information are available their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and their biotechnological applications. To overcome this lack of information, herein, we used next-generation sequencing methods for genome sequencing of two marine fungi, isolated from the German Wadden Sea, namely Calcarisporium sp.

Effect of ultraviolet photofunctionalization of dental titanium implants on osseointegration.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization of dental titanium implants with exposure to the oral cavity on osseointegration in an animal model.

Methods: Forty-eight titanium implants (Camlog Conelog 4.3 mmx9.

Bond strength of resin cement to zirconia treated in pre-sintered stage.

Purpose: Aim of this study was to evaluate the tensile bond strength (TBS) between resin cement and zirconia surface treated in different sintering stages.

Materials And Methods: Eighty zirconia discs having final dimensions of 12 mm diameter and 3.2 mm thickness were milled then divided into three main groups according to the type of surface treatment performed (group 1: air abrasion using 50 µm AlO particles, group 2: silica coating using Rocatec soft, and group 3: a control group receiving no surface treatment).

The Effect of surface topographical changes of two different surface treatments rotary instrument.

Background: One of the major innovations in endodontics has been the introduction of nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy. This study evaluated the surface topographical changes of two different surface treatments rotary instrument after instrumentation and sterilization.

Material And Methods: 240 Extracted teeth were included in this study.

Retention of zirconia on titanium in two-piece abutments with self-adhesive resin cements.

Statement Of Problem: Two-piece abutments consisting of a prefabricated titanium luting base and a zirconia abutment are used widely in implant restorations. Straightforward and reliable procedures for bonding titanium and zirconia are necessary for ensuring low failure rates in such restorations.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the tensile load of zirconia copings on prefabricated titanium abutments using 4 different self-adhesive resin cements.

Indocyanine green MS/MS investigations using femtosecond laser-pulse photodissociation and collision-induced dissociation.

The dissociation reactions of indocyanine green (also known as cardiogreen) have been studied in a Fourier-transform ion-cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer by the application of unimolecular, collision-induced dissociation and photodissociation using femtosecond laser pulses. Ions were prepared by electrospray ionization (ESI) in various solvents. Depending on the properties of the solvent mixture, the mono sodiated molecule could be measured through cation exchange in various compositions.

BMP-2 plasmid DNA-loaded chitosan films - A new strategy for bone engineering.

Objectives: Bone defects are common in every area of medicine and remain a clinical challenge. Tissue engineering has led to promising new strategies in accelerating bone repair. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play crucial roles in bone regeneration, but are required in supra-physiological doses, which are expensive and produce severe side effects.

Enhancing bone regeneration by combining mesenchymal stem cell sheets with β-TCP/COL-I scaffolds.

The combination of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and biological scaffolds has been demonstrated to be a promising strategy for bone regeneration. However, this method does not result in satisfactory bone regeneration, because the BMSCs are dispersed in the biological scaffolds. The current study developed a new bone regeneration system, which combines synthetic porous three-dimensional scaffolds of β-TCP/COL-I composite with cultured osteogenic sheets of BMSCs.

Survival and Complications of Single Dental Implants in the Edentulous Mandible Following Immediate or Delayed Loading: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

It was the aim of this 24-mo randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate whether the survival of a single median implant placed in the edentulous mandible to retain a complete denture is not compromised by immediate loading. Secondary outcomes were differences in prosthetic complications between the loading principles. Each of the 158 patients who received an implant was randomly assigned to the immediate loading group ( n = 81) or the delayed loading group ( n = 77).

Evaluation of surface treatments of monolithic zirconia in different sintering stages.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of surface treatment of zirconia in pre-sintered and post-sintered stages on its surface roughness, phase transformation, and biaxial flexural strength (BFS).

Methods: Zirconia ceramic discs (n=40) having a final dimensions of 12mm diameter and 1.2mm thickness were milled then divided into three main groups according to the type of surface treatment performed (Group 1 (n=16); air-abrasion using AlO particles, Group 2 (n=16); silica coating using Rocatec soft, and Group 3 (n=8); a control group receiving no surface treatment).

Low temperature degradation of single layers of multilayered zirconia in comparison to conventional unshaded zirconia: Phase transformation and flexural strength.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the transformation of yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) to monoclinic phase and its change in flexural strength of the various layers of multilayered zirconia (enamel layer, transition layer 1, transition layer 2 and body layer) in comparison to two conventional zirconia ceramics. Additionally, the ball-on-three-balls test was compared with a conventional biaxial flexural strength test.

Methods: The crystallographic structure of the four layers of Katana Zirconia ML (Kuraray), e.

Ancestry & molecular evolutionary analyses of heat shock protein 47 kDa (HSP47/SERPINH1).

HSP47/SERPINH1 is key-regulator for collagen biosynthesis and its structural assembly. To date, there is no comprehensive study on the phylogenetic history of HSP47. Herein we illustrate the evolutionary history of HSP47/SERPINH1 along with sequence, structural and syntenic traits for HSP47/SERPINH1.

Influence of various bonding techniques on the fracture strength of thin CAD/CAM-fabricated occlusal glass-ceramic veneers.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficiency of immediate dentin sealing and the effects of different bonding protocols on the fracture strength of CAD/CAM occlusal veneers bonded to exposed dentin.

Methods: Ninety-six extracted maxillary premolars were initially divided into three main groups with 32 specimens each: without immediate dentin sealing, immediate dentin sealing/total etching and immediate dentin sealing/selective etching. Teeth were identically prepared in the dentin to receive occlusal veneers of 0.

Single mandibular implant study (SMIS) - masticatory performance - results from a randomized clinical trial using two different loading protocols.

Objectives: This multi-centre randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate, whether the masticatory performance of elderly edentulous patients is improved by placement of a single implant in the midline of the edentulous mandible, and whether improvements differ with respect to the loading protocol, i.e., implant is loaded either directly or three months later after second stage surgery.

Fracture strength of lithium disilicate crowns compared to polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network and zirconia reinforced lithium silicate crowns.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of crowns made from current CAD/CAM materials. In addition the influence of crown thickness and chewing simulation on the fracture strength was evaluated.

Methods: Crowns were fabricated from lithium disilicate, zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS-ceramic) and a polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) with an occlusal thickness of 1.