Effects of Levodopa on quality of sleep and nocturnal movements in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Sleep disturbances are common in Parkinson's Disease (PD), with nocturnal akinesia being one of the most burdensome. Levodopa is frequently used in clinical routine to improve nocturnal akinesia, although evidence is not well proven.

Methods: We assessed associations of Levodopa intake with quality of sleep and perception of nocturnal akinesia in three PD cohorts, using the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS-2) in two cohorts and a question on nocturnal immobility in one cohort.

Performance of a Point-of-Care Test for the Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen.

The rapid detection of infections caused by the (SARS-CoV-2) is necessary in the ongoing pandemic. Antigen-specific point-of-care tests (POCT) may be useful for this purpose. Here, such a POCT (SARS-CoV-2 NADAL COVID-19 Ag) was compared to a laboratory-developed triplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) designed for the detection of viral nucleoprotein gene and two control targets.

Disease modifying treatment trials in Parkinson's disease: how to balance expectations and interests of patients, physicians and industry partners?

Background: The advent of therapeutic strategies designed to modify the disease course in Parkinson's disease has raised great expectations in the currently conducted clinical trials. However, we see ethical challenges in the cooperation of industry and clinical partners, specifically evident in the way recruitment is performed.We here discuss the different positions and challenges of all involved to set the stage for a study and recruitment culture taking into account the expectations of all: (i) patients and their caregivers, ready to take the considerable burden of clinical trials in hope for the development of disease-modifying treatments; (ii) physicians and study nurses, obligated to the patients' well-being and benefit who accompany and supervise patients closely as basis for the performance of elaborate clinical trials (iii) industrial partners, investing years of efforts and finances to develop new treatments.

Antibody-related movement disorders - a comprehensive review of phenotype-autoantibody correlations and a guide to testing.

Background: Over the past decade increasing scientific progress in the field of autoantibody-mediated neurological diseases was achieved. Movement disorders are a frequent and often prominent feature in such diseases which are potentially treatable.

Main Body: Antibody-mediated movement disorders encompass a large clinical spectrum of diverse neurologic disorders occurring either in isolation or accompanying more complex autoimmune encephalopathic diseases.

In situ observations show vertical community structure of pelagic fauna in the eastern tropical North Atlantic off Cape Verde.

Distribution patterns of fragile gelatinous fauna in the open ocean remain scarcely documented. Using epi-and mesopelagic video transects in the eastern tropical North Atlantic, which features a mild but intensifying midwater oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), we established one of the first regional observations of diversity and abundance of large gelatinous zooplankton. We quantified the day and night vertical distribution of 46 taxa in relation to environmental conditions.

Structure, Function and Insertion of the Human Vocal Folds.

We here summarize the structures of the laryngeal vocal fold as well as its insertion structures at the anterior commissure and at the area of the vocal process and place these findings within the context of biomechanical, functional, and clinical implications.

Thiol switches in membrane proteins - Extracellular redox regulation in cell biology.

Redox-mediated signal transduction depends on the enzymatic production of second messengers such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfite, as well as specific, reversible redox modifications of cysteine-residues in proteins. So-called thiol switches induce for instance conformational changes in specific proteins that regulate cellular pathways e.g, cell metabolism, proliferation, migration, gene expression and inflammation.

Kinetics of Nucleo- and Spike Protein-Specific Immunoglobulin G and of Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies and immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the nucleo (N) or spike (S) proteins of (SARS-CoV-2) were studied in patients up to 165 days after PCR diagnosis of infection. Two immunoassays were selected out of eight IgG or total antibody tests by comparing their specificities and sensitivities. Sensitivities were calculated with convalescent sera from 26 PCR-confirmed cases, of which 76.

A cross-sectional study on risk factors for infection with Parvovirus B19 and the association with anaemia in a febrile paediatric population in Ghana.

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) occurs globally and can cause severe anaemia. The role of co-infections with Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) has been controversially discussed.

Distinct Relationship Between Cognitive Flexibility and White Matter Integrity in Individuals at Risk of Parkinson's Disease.

Background And Objective: Executive dysfunction is the most common cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD), occurring even in its early stages. In our study, we applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate white matter integrity and its association with a specific executive function such as cognitive flexibility in individuals with risk factors for PD.

Methods: We examined 50 individuals with risk factors for developing PD and 24 healthy controls from the TREND (Tübinger Evaluation of Risk Factors for Early Detection of Neurodegeneration) study including neuropsychological evaluation and DTI.

Impact of manure on soil biochemical properties: A global synthesis.

Manure application mitigates land degradation and improves soil fertility. Despite many individual studies on manure effects, a comprehensive overview of its consequences for a broad range of soil properties is lacking. Through a meta-analysis of 521 observations spanning the experiments from days after pulse addition up to 113 years with continues manure input, we quantified and generalized the average responses of soil biochemical properties depending on climate factors, management, soil, and manure characteristics.

Benign versus malignant Parkinson disease: the unexpected silver lining of motor complications.

Objective: We sought to evaluate demographic, clinical, and habits/occupational variables between phenotypic extremes in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Databases from nine movement disorders centers across seven countries were retrospectively searched for subjects meeting criteria for very slowly progressive, benign, PD (bPD) and rapidly progressive, malignant, PD (mPD). bPD was defined as Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage ≤ 3, normal cognitive function, and Schwab and England (S&E) score ≥ 70 after ≥ 20 years of PD (≥ 10 years if older than 60 at PD onset); mPD as H&Y > 3, S&E score < 70, and cognitive impairment within 10 years from PD onset.

Platform independent protein-based cell-of-origin subtyping of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is commonly classified by gene expression profiling according to its cell of origin (COO) into activated B-cell (ABC)-like and germinal center B-cell (GCB)-like subgroups. Here we report the application of label-free nano-liquid chromatography - Sequential Window Acquisition of all THeoretical fragment-ion spectra - mass spectrometry (nanoLC-SWATH-MS) to the COO classification of DLBCL in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. To generate a protein signature capable of predicting Affymetrix-based GCB scores, the summed log-transformed fragment ion intensities of 780 proteins quantified in a training set of 42 DLBCL cases were used as independent variables in a penalized zero-sum elastic net regression model with variable selection.

Compositional and Quantitative Insights Into Bacterial and Archaeal Communities of South Pacific Deep-Sea Sponges (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida).

In the present study, we profiled bacterial and archaeal communities from 13 phylogenetically diverse deep-sea sponge species (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida) from the South Pacific by 16S rRNA-gene amplicon sequencing. Additionally, the associated bacteria and archaea were quantified by real-time qPCR. Our results show that bacterial communities from the deep-sea sponges are mostly host-species specific similar to what has been observed for shallow-water demosponges.

Prevalence and risk factors of perirenal hyperintensities on T2-weighted MR imaging.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and severity of perirenal hyperintensities (PRHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their risk factors in the general population.

Methods: 1752 participants (910 women, 842 men, median age: 52 years) of the Study of Health in Pomerania were included. A visual classification system was established to assess the severity of PRHs (stage 0: no PRHs visible to stage 3: extensive PRHs visible).

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Induced Dendritic Cell Activation Leads to Th1 Polarization in Type 1 Diabetes.

Neutrophils releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) infiltrate the pancreas prior to type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset; however, the precise nature of their contribution to disease remains poorly defined. To examine how NETs affect immune functions in T1D, we investigated NET composition and their effect on dendritic cells (DCs) and T lymphocytes in T1D children. We showed that T1D patient NET composition differs substantially from that of healthy donors and that the presence of T1D-NETs in a mixed peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture caused a strong shift toward IFNγ-producing T lymphocytes, mediated through activation of innate immunity cells in T1D samples.

Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes.

In a phylogenetic network analysis of 160 complete human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) genomes, we find three central variants distinguished by amino acid changes, which we have named A, B, and C, with A being the ancestral type according to the bat outgroup coronavirus. The A and C types are found in significant proportions outside East Asia, that is, in Europeans and Americans. In contrast, the B type is the most common type in East Asia, and its ancestral genome appears not to have spread outside East Asia without first mutating into derived B types, pointing to founder effects or immunological or environmental resistance against this type outside Asia.

Experience with provisional WHO-entities large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4-rearrangement and Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration in paediatric patients of the NHL-BFM group.

Large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement, and Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration are two provisional lymphoma entities in the 2017 revision of the WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Despite being more frequent in young patients, knowledge regarding their true incidence and clinical features in unselected cohorts of paediatric and adolescent patients is limited. We screened for both entities among paediatric patients (<18 years of age) in the German NHL-BFM (Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster) group.

Living with Male Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study of Men's Experiences and Care Needs.

Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, and most previous studies limited their focus on clinical aspects of the disease. Psychosocial implications and care needs of MBC patients are poorly understood.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of men living with breast cancer and to identify supportive care needs.

Screening for Platelet Dysfunction and Use of Prophylactic Tranexamic Acid in Patients Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation: A Retrospective Analysis of Incidence and Outcome of Intracranial Hemorrhage.

Introduction: The rate of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after deep brain stimulation (DBS) is between 1.5 and 6.1%, with prolonged deficits occurring in 0.

Metadata Concepts for Advancing the Use of Digital Health Technologies in Clinical Research.

Digital health technologies (smartphones, smartwatches, and other body-worn sensors) can act as novel tools to aid in the diagnosis and remote objective monitoring of an individual's disease symptoms, both in clinical care and in research. Nonetheless, such digital health technologies have yet to widely demonstrate value in clinical research due to insufficient data interpretability and lack of regulatory acceptance. Metadata, i.

Correction to: Update on lymphoproliferative disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: disease spectrum from indolent lymphoproliferations to aggressive lymphomas.

This erratum is meant to address the error in which the names of one of the authors of the manuscript, was incorrect. Author assumes full responsibility for this error.