Exploring admissions for Māori presenting with major trauma at Christchurch Hospital.

Injury remains one of the leading causes of years of life lost worldwide. In 2015, the New Zealand Major Trauma Registry was developed to provide a comprehen-sive data registry within New Zealand for looking at the outcomes and determinants of major trauma. It has published yearly major trauma reports since its founding.

The lifetime risk of revision following total hip arthroplasty.

Aims: Joint registries typically use revision of an implant as an endpoint and report survival rates after a defined number of years. However, reporting lifetime risk of revision may be more meaningful, especially in younger patients. We aimed to assess lifetime risk of revision for patients in defined age groups at the time of primary surgery.

In vitro Inhibition of Clinical Isolates of Otitis Media Pathogens by the Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12.

Otitis media is a common childhood infection, frequently requiring antibiotics. With high rates of antibiotic prescribing and increasing antibiotic resistance, new strategies in otitis media prevention and treatment are needed. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro inhibitory activity Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12 against otitis media pathogens.

Respiratory surveillance for coal mine dust and artificial stone exposed workers in Australia and New Zealand: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand.

Coal mine lung dust disease (CMDLD) and artificial stone (AS) silicosis are preventable diseases which have occurred in serious outbreaks in Australia recently. This has prompted a TSANZ review of Australia's approach to respiratory periodic health surveillance. While regulating respirable dust exposure remains the foundation of primary and secondary prevention, identification of workers with early disease assists with control of further exposure, and with the aims of preserving lung function and decreasing respiratory morbidity in those affected.

Decreases in cardiac catheter laboratory workload during the COVID-19 level 4 lockdown in New Zealand.

An increase in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infections prompted Level 4 lockdown throughout New Zealand from 25 March 2020. We have investigated trends in coronary and electrophysiology (EP) procedures before and during this lockdown. The number of acute procedures for ST elevation myocardial infarction remained stable.

The association between low pre-operative step count and adverse post-operative outcomes in older patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.

Background: Multiple tools exist estimating perioperative risk. With an ageing surgical demographic, frailty is becoming an increasingly important concept in perioperative medicine due to its association with adverse post-operative outcomes. Reduced physical activity is a hallmark of frailty, and we postulate that a low pre-operative step count may be an objective measure of frailty.

Long-term results from a series of patients managed with breast conservation surgery and hypofractionated radiotherapy in Christchurch: What is the recurrence rate and how do we detect recurrences.

Aims: Hypofractionated radiation treatment (HFRT) following breast conservation surgery (BCS) has similar efficacy to conventionally fractionated radiation treatment (CFRT). This study updates outcomes for patients treated with HFRT in Christchurch, New Zealand, and reports on the pattern, timing and method of detection of recurrences to inform follow-up practice.

Methods: Between 2004 and 2006, 273 women with early breast cancer were treated with HFRT (42.

Do medical interns publish findings of compulsory audit or research projects? Five-year experience from a single centre in New Zealand.

Introduction: There is a paucity of literature on research output of Australasian interns. We have previously shown great interest among interns rotating in our department to publish or present their findings from an audit or research project (ARP). The aim of this study was to examine the output of the intern ARP.

Patient Perception and Duration of Pain after Microdirect Laryngoscopy.

Objective: Postoperative pain is an important part of the patient's surgical experience. The objective was to evaluate patient perception and duration of pain after microdirect laryngoscopy (MDL).

Study Design: Case series with planned data collection.

Career outcomes of students of an intercalated MBChB/PhD: experience from New Zealand.

Background: Medium- and long-term outcomes of an intercalated medical/PhD degree are less well-characterised for non-North American programmes than North American ones. We report on the career choices and academic accomplishments of MBChB/PhD students at one university 17 years after the programme's introduction.

Methods: A list of all past and current intercalating students at the University of Otago was obtained.

Would you do it again? A qualitative study of student and supervisor perceptions of an intercalated MBChB/PhD programme.

Background: Several studies have warned about the diminishing physician-scientist breed. Limited studies, however, have attempted to assess what factors (if any) enhanced or hindered the experience of trainee physician-scientists and their supervisors. Using Vroom's expectancy theory as a conceptual framework, we explored the highlights, motivations and barriers of an intercalated MBChB/PhD programme as experienced by students of the programme and their supervisors.

The Asia-Pacific Society of Cardiology (APSC) Expert Committee Consensus Recommendations for Assessment of Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T in the Emergency Department.

The Asia-Pacific Society of Cardiology (APSC) high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) consensus recommendations and rapid algorithm were developed to provide guidance for healthcare professionals in the Asia-Pacific region on assessing patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using a hs-TnT assay. Experts from Asia-Pacific convened in 2 meetings to develop evidence-based consensus recommendations and an algorithm for appropriate use of the hs-TnT assay. The Expert Committee defined a cardiac troponin assay as a high-sensitivity assay if the total imprecision is ≤10% at the 99th percentile of the upper reference limit and measurable concentrations below the 99th percentile are attainable with an assay at a concentration value above the assay's limit of detection for at least 50% of healthy individuals.

Lessons Learned From a Randomized Controlled Trial of Short-Course Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy for Erysipelas and Cellulitis of the Lower Limb (Switch Trial).

Background: The diagnosis of cellulitis is made clinically without a gold standard diagnostic test, and cellulitis has many disease mimics. There is currently no consensus for optimal antimicrobial treatment duration or method of antimicrobial delivery.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled open-label multicenter trial to determine the safety and efficacy of 24 hours of intravenous (IV) therapy compared with ≥72 hours of IV therapy, both followed by oral therapy to a maximum of 7-10 days' duration for the treatment of lower limb cellulitis.

O No Longer the Go: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing the Effects of Giving Perioperative Oxygen Therapy of 30% FiO to 80% FiO on Surgical Site Infection and Mortality.

Objective: To determine the effects of perioperative high (80%) versus low (30%) fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) on surgical site infection (SSI) and mortality in adult surgical patients.

Background: The routine use of high fraction perioperative oxygen in patients is "standard of care" and recommended by the World Health Organisation; however, whether there is truly any benefit to this therapy has been challenged by some authors. Questions have also been raised about the possibility of harm from oxygen therapy.

Faecal biomarkers do not always identify pre-cancerous lesions in patients who present in primary care with bowel symptoms.

Aim: To determine if tumour-derived M2-PK is potentially a more accurate biomarker of pre-cancerous bowel lesions in patients who present in primary care with bowel symptoms than the detection of faecal haemoglobin.

Methods: Patients requested by their general practitioners (GPs) to provide a stool sample to determine the presence of faecal haemoglobin consented for the same stool samples to be tested for the presence of M2-PK. For comparison M2-PK levels were also measured in stool samples from patients recently identified with colorectal cancer and healthy controls who self-reported no bowel problems at the time of sampling.

Attrition among New Zealand medical students completing research degrees: A 20-year analysis.

Introduction: Not all medical students who intercalate research degrees go on to completion. No study to date has investigated the specific reasons. Understanding this minority would fill an important research gap.