No Difference in Revision Rates or Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Between Surgical Approaches for Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed for Femoral Neck Fracture: An Analysis of 5,025 Primary Total Hip Arthroplasties From the New Zealand Joint Registry.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for femoral neck fracture (FNF) can be performed through different surgical approaches. This study compared the revision rates and patient-reported outcome measures by surgical approach.

Methods: Data from the New Zealand Joint Registry were analyzed for patients undergoing primary THA for FNF from January 2000 to December 2021.

Management of advanced prostate cancer in the Asia-Pacific region: Summary of the Asia-Pacific Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference 2023.

Aim: The aim of the third Asia-Pacific Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APAC APCCC 2023) was to discuss the application in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region of consensus statements from the 4th Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC 2022).

Methods: The one-day meeting in July 2023 brought together 27 experts from 14 APAC countries. The meeting covered five topics: (1) Intermediate- and high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer; (2) Management of newly diagnosed metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer; (3) Management of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; (4) Homologous recombination repair mutation testing; (5) Management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Fluorine-18-labelled Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Diagnose and Localise Prostate Cancer. A Prospective Single-arm Paired Comparison (PEDAL).

Background And Objective: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate is used for prostate cancer diagnosis. However, mpMRI has lower sensitivity for small tumours. Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA-PET/CT) offers increased sensitivity over conventional imaging.

Coronary artery aneurysms: the chest pain "zebra".

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are defined as entire wall dilatation to 1.5 times the size of the adjacent normal vessel. They can present as chest pain with electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, mass effects or rupture with tamponade.

Endometrial cancer diagnoses prompted by routine cervical cytology: a retrospective case study.

Aims: Endometrial cancer is the commonest gynaecological cancer in New Zealand. Some women have their diagnosis of endometrial cancer prompted by an abnormal cervical cytology screening test. When high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) testing becomes the primary test for cervical screening, this avenue of incidental diagnosis will be reduced.

Early Relative Growth Rate of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms and Future Risk of Rupture or Repair.

Objective: This study aimed to test whether the relative growth rate of subthreshold abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in the first 24 months of surveillance predicts the risk of future rupture or repair.

Methods: This was a single centre retrospective observational analysis of all small (< 45 mm diameter) and medium (45 - 54 mm in men, 45 - 50 mm in women) AAAs entered into ultrasound surveillance between January 2002 and December 2019, which received ≥ 24 months of surveillance. Relative growth rates were calculated from measurements taken in the first 24 months of surveillance.

Aotearoa New Zealand emergency ambulance services and the provision of end-of-life care: a short survey.

Aim: To characterise emergency ambulance service (EAS) clinical roles and experiences (including cultural competency and pastoral care) in the delivery of end-of-life (EOL) and palliative care in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Method: A nine question online survey was distributed to St John and Wellington Free Ambulance clinicians. Four questions enabled voluntary free-text comments to be submitted for thematic analysis.

Radiometal chelators for infection diagnostics.

Infection of native tissues or implanted devices is common, but clinical diagnosis is frequently difficult and currently available noninvasive tests perform poorly. Immunocompromised individuals (for example transplant recipients, or those with cancer) are at increased risk. No imaging test in clinical use can specifically identify infection, or accurately differentiate bacterial from fungal infections.

Acute visual change as first symptom of B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia.

Nil.

The Effect of Universal Newborn Hearing Screening on Spoken Language after Cochlear Implantation.

Background: The universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) was fully implemented across New Zealand by 2010 to improve outcomes for children with prelingual deafness. A previous audit undertaken by our center, the Southern Cochlear Implant Programme (SCIP), demonstrated that UNHS has significantly reduced the time to referral and surgery for cochlear implants in these children.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between earlier implantation and language development, the time taken to achieve age-appropriate language, and the effect of socioeconomic status on language skills.

Classification of cochlear implant complications using a modified Clavien-Dindo classification.

Objectives: Cochlear implantation (CI) surgery is a highly effective procedure for severe to profound hearing loss, with a low complication rate. There are currently multiple grading systems for CI surgery complications, making comparison of outcomes difficult. We propose a modification to the Clavien-Dindo classification of complications, and use this modified classification to analyse our complications.

Evaluation of community-based CT abdomen for acute abdominal pain during COVID-19.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of community-based imaging to reduce use of inpatient surgical resources and enforce social distancing at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A prospective evaluation of community-based CT for patients presenting to Christchurch general practitioners with acute abdominal pain from April to November 2020. Eligible patients were discussed with the on-call general surgical team, and then referred for CT abdomen rather than hospital assessment.

Aotearoa New Zealand emergency medicine specialists on the provision of care at or near the end of life: A survey.

Objectives: The ED is an increasingly important venue for the initiation of palliative care. We sought to characterise the opinions, experience, training and education of ED staff in Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ) with regard to specific aspects of palliative care in the NZ ED setting.

Methods: All NZ FACEMs were personally emailed a simple unstructured 16-part survey asking questions about initiating palliative care, goals of care, initiation and availability of advance care plans, frailty screening, availability of palliative expertise, training and education, cultural safety and pastoral care of staff.

Exclusive enteral nutrition: An optimal care pathway for use in children with active luminal Crohn's disease.

Aim: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is recommended as a first-line therapy for active luminal paediatric Crohn's disease, by many contemporary consensus guidelines. However, EEN protocols vary internationally. A key enabler for the use of EEN therapy has been identified as the standardisation of protocols.

Predictors of percutaneous access-related complications in aortic endovascular procedures: 'real-world' insights and a comparison to open access.

Background: Percutaneous endovascular aneurysm repair (PEVAR) is becoming increasingly popular due to fewer access-related complications, shorter procedural times and length of stay (LOS). Our aim was to explore factors associated with access-related complications and their impact on procedural time and LOS.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive aorto-iliac endovascular procedures in a tertiary hub comprising 2 institutions and 18 consultant vascular surgeons and interventional radiologists between 2016-2017.

High Incidence of Congenital Syphilis in New Zealand: A New Zealand Pediatric Surveillance Unit Study.

Background: Syphilis, a disease once in decline, has made a resurgence worldwide. New Zealand has had increasing syphilis rates since enhanced syphilis surveillance was initiated in 2013. This study reports epidemiologic, descriptive and treatment data on management of infants prenatally exposed or vertically infected with syphilis across New Zealand as reported by pediatricians.

Workplace wellbeing in emergency departments in Aotearoa New Zealand 2020.

Aim: To quantify staff burnout and wellbeing in emergency departments (EDs) throughout New Zealand (NZ).

Methods: A national cross sectional electronic survey of New Zealand clinical and non-clinical ED staff was conducted between 9 March and 3 April 2020. Burnout and wellbeing were assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and a variety of quantitative measures.

Medium-term outcomes in single anaesthetic bilateral total knee replacement surgery: a single surgeon series.

Background: The lifetime risk of developing symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) is estimated to be 45%, with up to two thirds of patients presenting with bilateral knee symptoms. Patients presenting with end stage bilateral knee OA may benefit from single anaesthetic bilateral total knee replacement (SABTKR). Our study aim was to compare the outcomes of SABTKR with unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a single surgeon series over a 20 year period.