The prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, stimulant, khat, and cannabis use among school-going students in African and Arab countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The objectives of this review and meta-analysis were twofold: first, to determine the prevalence of substance use among school-going children in Arab and African countries; and second, to highlight the considerable influence of variables such as the nation's region and the timeframe of the study on the prevalence of substance use.

Methods: Research was sourced from Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Thirty-seven articles were incorporated in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.

FPGA based implementation of a perturbed Chen oscillator for secure embedded cryptosystems.

This paper introduces an enhancement to the Chen chaotic system by incorporating a constant perturbation term to one of the state variables, aiming to improve the performance of pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs). The perturbation significantly enhances the system's chaotic properties, resulting in superior randomness and increased security. An FPGA-based realization of a perturbed Chen oscillator (PCO)-derived PRNG is presented, tailored for embedded cryptosystems and implemented on a Nexys 4 FPGA card featuring the XILINX Artix-7 XC7A100T-1CSG324C integrated chip.

Solar-powered single-stage distillation and complex conductivity analysis for sustainable domestic wastewater treatment.

This study investigates the efficacy of a solar-powered single-stage distillation system for treating domestic wastewater, supplemented with complex conductivity analysis. Domestic wastewater samples were collected from a municipal manhole in El Jadida, Morocco, over a 24-h period. The single-stage distillation system, designed for domestic wastewater treatment, utilizes heat to vaporize the wastewater, followed by condensation to produce pure liquid water.

Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Sensitization in a Moroccan Pediatric Population with Celiac Disease.

Introduction: Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that occurs following the ingestion of gluten, in genetically predisposed individuals. Patients with celiac disease, especially children, are likely prone to develop allergic reactions to different food allergens. However, the relationship between food allergy and celiac disease remains not elucidated.

Predictors of outcomes 3 to 12 months after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The exact factors predicting outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain elusive. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we examined factors influencing outcomes in adult patients with TBI, from 3 months to 1 year after injury. A search of four electronic databases-PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect-yielded 29 studies for review and 16 for meta-analysis, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Users of Primary Health Care Facilities in Morocco.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. In Morocco, few studies have focused on COPD in primary health care facilities, whose main mission is prevention. The aim of our work is thus to assess the prevalence of COPD and to study the factors associated with this silent disease among users of health care facilities in Morocco.

Estimating the global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. The present study aims to provide a global and regional estimate of the prevalence of COPD based on spirometry according to the two most widely used diagnostic criteria of COPD: fixed ratio (FR) and lower limit of normal (LLN).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the literature according to PRISMA guidelines.

Translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) in moroccan patients with type-2 diabetes.

Background: The objective of the study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) in patients with type-2 diabetes in Morocco.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted between September 12 and October 12, 2022, and included patients with type-2 diabetes from a primary health care network. To measure the different psychometric parameters of the construct, data analysis was performed using SPSS v20.

Vibrational-mechanical properties of the highly-mismatched CdBeTe semiconductor alloy: experiment and ab initio calculations.

The emerging CdTe-BeTe semiconductor alloy that exhibits a dramatic mismatch in bond covalency and bond stiffness clarifying its vibrational-mechanical properties is used as a benchmark to test the limits of the percolation model (PM) worked out to explain the complex Raman spectra of the related but less contrasted ZnBe-chalcogenides. The test is done by way of experiment ([Formula: see text]), combining Raman scattering with X-ray diffraction at high pressure, and ab initio calculations ([Formula: see text] ~ 0-0.5; [Formula: see text]~1).

Alloy Disordering Effects on the Thermal Conductivity and Energy Gap Temperature Dependence of CdZnSe Ternary Crystals Grown by the Bridgman Method.

Investigated in this work, CdZnSe-mixed ternary compounds were grown by the Bridgman method. Several compounds with zinc content varying in the range 0 < x < 1 were produced between two binary parents, CdSe and ZnSe crystals. Using the SEM/EDS technique, the accurate composition of formed crystals was determined along the growth axis.

Advanced Energy Management Strategy of Photovoltaic/PEMFC/Lithium-Ion Batteries/Supercapacitors Hybrid Renewable Power System Using White Shark Optimizer.

The slow dynamic response of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) to high load change during deficit periods must be considered. Therefore, integrating the hybrid system with energy storage devices like battery storage and/or a supercapacitor is necessary. To reduce the consumed hydrogen, an energy management strategy (EMS) based on the white shark optimizer (WSO) for photovoltaic/PEMFC/lithium-ion batteries/supercapacitors microgrid has been developed.

Generation of red light with intense photoluminescence assisted by Forster resonance energy transfer from Znq and DCM thin films.

In this work, a novel experimental investigation of photoluminescence properties of Znq thin films co-doped with different concentrations of DCM were performed. The thin films were successfully deposited on glass substrates with different compositions, under high vacuum, by using the vacuum evaporation technique. For all compositions, the photoluminescence was measured at room temperature and also at low temperature in a wide range from 77 to 300 K with a step of 25 K in a high vacuum.