Right side fixation of sigmoid colon with a hepato-sigmoidocolic fistula in patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and midgut malrotation.

The location of the sigmoid colon varies within the abdominal cavity, but its mesocolon is fixed to the left side. Right side fixation of the sigmoid colon is a very rare congenital positional anomaly. In addition, it has been reported that hepatocolic fistula is also a very rare disease that may present lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Combined aerobic and resistance exercise is effective for achieving weight loss and reducing cardiovascular risk factors without deteriorating bone health in obese young adults.

Purpose: Weight loss reduces cardiovascular risk factors in the obese. However, weight reduction through diet negatively affects long-term bone health. The aim of study was to determine the ability of combined aerobic and resistance exercise (CE) to reduce weight and cardiovascular risk without diminishing bone health.

Relation of triiodothyronine to subclinical myocardial injury in patients with chest pain.

Heart dysfunctions have been shown to be associated with altered concentrations of thyroid hormones. However, the relation between thyroid hormones and subclinical myocardial injury in those without clinically apparent coronary heart disease is not well-established. We examined the correlation between altered levels of thyrotropin, free thyroxine, and triiodothyronine (T3) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) in 250 patients (mean age 60 years; 42% men) with chest pain, who were free of coronary heart disease and heart failure.

The anti-obesity effect of natural vanadium-containing Jeju ground water.

This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of Jeju ground water containing the vanadium components S1 (8.0 ± 0.9 μg/l) and S3 (26.

Prognostic implication of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase down-regulation in patients with colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Prostaglandin (PG) E2 is known to be closely related to cancer progression and is inactivated by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). 15-PGDH is shown to have tumor suppressor activity and to be down-regulated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, we evaluated the expression of 15-PGDH and its prognostic effect in patients with CRC.

The Prostate Cancer Detection Rate on the Second Prostate Biopsy according to Prostate-Specific Antigen Trend.

Purpose: To identify the prostate cancer detection rate on the patients who had second prostate biopsy out of the patients who were reported negative in their first biopsy.

Materials And Methods: From July 2006 to February 2012, prostate biopsy was performed on 843 patients with over 4 ng/ml and on 618 biopsy negative patients PSA was performed from between 6 months and 9 months after biopsy. On 164 patients, second biopsy was performed, and 42 patients were selected.

DUSP6 is a novel transcriptional target of p53 and regulates p53-mediated apoptosis by modulating expression levels of Bcl-2 family proteins.

p53 regulates various cellular responses through transcriptional regulation of distinct sets of target genes. Dual specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) is a cytosolic phosphatase that inactivates the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). This study demonstrates that p53 transactivates DUSP6 in human colorectal HCT116 cells to regulate ERK1/2 in p53-mediated cell death.

Predictive value of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity for cardiovascular events.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the association of pulse wave velocity or left ventricular diastolic function with the development of cardiovascular (CV) events.

Methods: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and E/E' were analyzed in 185 patients. The primary end point was CV events including ischemic stroke, coronary arterial disease (CAD), peripheral arterial disease and aortic dissection.

Roles of urology as assessed by an analysis of inpatients referred to urology.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the necessity for professional urology treatment and the roles of urology in the treatment of inpatients referred to the urology department.

Materials And Methods: The subjects were patients referred to the department of urology among the inpatients of Chosun University Hospital from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2011. The patients' sex and age, the referring department, and the disease group were extracted from the patients' medical records.

Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma: Association with clinical stage.

The aim of this study was to examine the role of Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA). Pdcd4 expression was observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in colorectal adenocarcinoma, whereas Pdcd4 was expressed in the nucleus in normal colonic epithelial cells. Loss or weak expression of Pdcd4 was identified in 44 cases (40.

A role of DNA-dependent protein kinase for the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in response to glucose deprivation.

The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) plays an essential role in double-strand break repair by initially recognizing and binding to DNA breaks. Here, we show that DNA-PKcs interacts with the regulatory γ1 subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a heterotrimeric enzyme that has been proposed to function as a "fuel gauge" to monitor changes in the energy status of cells and is controlled by the upstream kinases LKB1 and Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase (CaMKK). In co-immunoprecipitation analyses, DNA-PKcs and AMPKγ1 interacted physically in DNA-PKcs-proficient M059K cells but not in DNA-PKcs-deficient M059J cells.

LBD18 acts as a transcriptional activator that directly binds to the EXPANSIN14 promoter in promoting lateral root emergence of Arabidopsis.

Lateral root formation, a developmental process under the control of the plant hormone auxin, is a major determinant of root architecture, and defines the ability of a plant to acquire nutrients and water. The LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE (LBD/ASL) proteins play an important role in the lateral organ development of plants, including lateral root formation. However, their downstream components and signalling mechanisms are largely unknown.

The critical role of catalase in prooxidant and antioxidant function of p53.

The tumor suppressor p53 is an important regulator of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, although downstream mediators of p53 remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that p53 and its downstream targets, p53-inducible ribonucleotide reductase (p53R2) and p53-inducible gene 3 (PIG3), physically and functionally interact with catalase for efficient regulation of intracellular ROS, depending on stress intensity. Under physiological conditions, the antioxidant functions of p53 are mediated by p53R2, which maintains increased catalase activity and thereby protects against endogenous ROS.

MEK2 regulates ribonucleotide reductase activity through functional interaction with ribonucleotide reductase small subunit p53R2.

The p53R2 protein, a newly identified member of the ribonucleotide reductase family that provides nucleotides for DNA damage repair, is directly regulated by p53. We show that p53R2 is also regulated by a MEK2 (ERK kinase 2/MAP kinase kinase 2)-dependent pathway. Increased MEK1/2 phosphorylation by serum stimulation coincided with an increase in the RNR activity in U2OS and H1299 cells.

Changes in background and characteristics in freshmen in one graduate medical school from 2009 to 2011.

Purpose: We examined the changes in background and characteristics in freshmen in graduate medical school from 2009 to 2011.

Methods: We analyzed the responses to a self-questionnaire which were about sex, age, graduation, major, religion and etc. The data were analyzed by t-test, chi-square test.

Photodynamic therapy for breast cancer in a BALB/c mouse model.

Objective: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used for superficial neoplasms and its usage has been recently extended to deeper lesions. The purpose of this study was to observe whether or not PDT can cure breast cancer in the solid tumor model, and to define the critical point of laser amount for killing the cancer cells.

Methods: Twenty four BALB/c mouse models with subcutaneous EMT6 mammary carcinomas were prepared.

Quantitative PCR and in vivo efficacy of antibiotics in the treatment of Vibrio vulnificus infection in a mouse model.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend oral or intravenous doxycycline plus a third-generation cephalosporin or fluoroquinolone alone for the treatment of Vibrio vulnificus infections. Until now, no study has compared oral with parenteral administered doxycycline with respect to their in vivo efficacy. In the present work, ICR mice infected with a high dose of V.

Psychosocial aspects in girls with idiopathic precocious puberty.

Objective: Precocious puberty leads to discrepancies between physical and chronological age. The aim of the present study was to evaluate behavioral patterns and social competences in 34 girls with idiopathic precocious puberty.

Methods: Height, body weight, and BMI were determined, and pubertal development was assessed.

Specific differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by small molecules.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing cells harboring multi-lineage differentiation potential and immunosuppressive properties that make them an attractive candidate for biological cell-based regenerative medicine. In addition to its undoubted clinical interest, controlling the fate and behaviors of MSCs is a crucial prerequisite for their therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine. Stem cell differentiation and modulation of functional activities are generally controlled by "cocktails" of growth factors, signaling molecules, and/or genetic manipulations.

Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E(2) in colon cancer cells resistant to 5-fluorouracil.

Purpose: It has been suggested that constitutive up-regulation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is associated with resistance to apoptosis, increased angiogenesis, and increased tumor invasiveness in various cancers including colon cancer. There are many factors involved in the resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colon cancer. However, little is known about the role of COX-2 in acquired resistance to 5-FU in colon cancer.

Suppression of IRF4 by IRF1, 3, and 7 in Noxa expression is a necessary event for IFN-γ-mediated tumor elimination.

IFN-γ plays a critical role in tumor immunosurveillance by affecting either immune cells or tumor cells; however, IFN-mediated effects on tumor elimination are largely unknown. In this study, we showed that IFN regulatory factors (IRF) modulated by IFNs up- and downregulated Noxa expression, a prodeath BH3 protein, in various cancer cells. Inhibition of Noxa expression using short hairpin RNA in tumor cells leads to resistance against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor elimination, in which IFN-γ is known as a critical effecter in mice.

Mechanisms of apoptosis on human lens epithelium after ultraviolet light exposure.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the mechanism of apoptosis occurring on a cultured human lens epithelial cell line after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. We intended to confirm the presence of cellular toxicity and apoptosis and to reveal the roles of p53, caspase 3 and NOXA in these processes.

Methods: Cells were irradiated with an ultraviolet lamp.

The satisfaction of the freshman of graduate medical students to the new medical curriculum: one medical school.

Purpose: We changed a lot of the medical curricula to accept the freshman of graduate medical students in 2009. We surveyed the satisfaction of new medical curricula from graduate medical students.

Methods: We analysed the returned questionnaires from 118 freshmen of graduate medical students.

Inhibitory Effects of Total Ginseng Saponin on Catecholamine Secretion from the Perfused Adrenal Medulla of SHRs.

There seems to be some controversy about the effect of total ginseng saponin (TGS) on the secretion of catecholamines (CA) from the adrenal gland. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine whether TGS can affect the CA release in the perfused model of the adrenal medulla isolated from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). TGS (15-150 μg/mL), perfused into an adrenal vein for 90 min, inhibited the CA secretory responses evoked by acetylcholine (ACh, 5.