A proteogenomic analysis of the adiposity colorectal cancer relationship identifies GREM1 as a probable mediator.

Background: Adiposity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The pathways underlying this relationship, and specifically the role of circulating proteins, are unclear.

Methods: Utilizing two-sample univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR), multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR), and colocalization, based on summary data from large sex-combined and sex-specific genetic studies, we estimated the univariable associations between: (i) body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) and overall and site-specific (colon, proximal colon, distal colon, and rectal) CRC risk, (ii) BMI and WHR and circulating proteins, and (iii) adiposity-associated circulating proteins and CRC risk.

A New Species and Three New Records Belonging to and from Korea.

During an investigation of fungi of the orders and in Korea, a new species, sp. nov., and three new records, , , and , were found in soil and freshwater samples.

Descriptions of 19 Unrecorded Species Belonging to in Korea.

A survey of fungal diversity in soil and freshwater habitats in Korea isolated several species of the class . Morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses showed that these species represented new records for Korea. Herein, we report the descriptions, illustrations, and molecular phylogeny of 19 species previously undescribed in Korea, including , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and

Creating the 5A Nursing Response Model for the Emerging Pandemic: A Qualitative, Theory-Generating Study.

Aim: The aim of this qualitative exploratory study aimed was to explore how nurses experienced and responded to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in clinical settings to develop a response model.

Design: Focus group interviews.

Methods: Thirteen focus group interviews (n = 50) with nurses and nurse leaders practicing in diverse clinical settings were conducted between May and July of 2021 in South Korea.

A systematic review of emergency room laparotomy in patients with severe abdominal trauma.

Traumatic intra-abdominal hemorrhage contributes to mortality in patients with trauma. However, initiating an emergent laparotomy in the operating room (OR) as a standard treatment can sometimes be time-consuming. To overcome this issue, laparotomy is performed in the emergency room (ER) in some institutions.

Current understanding of human bioaccumulation patterns and health effects of exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS).

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent organic pollutant of global concern due to its environmental presence,bioaccumulative potential and toxicological impacts. This review synthesizes current knowledge regarding PFOS exposure, bioaccumulation patterns and adverse health outcomes in human population. Analysis of worldwide biomonitoring data, and epidemiological studies reveals PFOS systemic effects, including immunological dysfunction (decreased vaccine response), developmental toxicity (reduced birth weight), hepatic metabolic disruption, potential carcinogenogenicity, and reproductive abnormalities.

Association of the skin microbiome with the biomechanical scar properties in patients with burns.

Background And Objectives: Skin microbiome dysbiosis can cause skin barrier dysfunction and stimulate scar property change. Skin barrier disruption post-burn injury leads to an imbalance in skin microbe diversity and distribution. We aimed to examine the changes in the skin microbiome of re-epithelialized burn scars.

Transformation of sperm structure in Octopus vulgaris: From spermatogenesis to spermatophoric release.

The present study describes the differentiation process of male germ cells in Octopus vulgaris, the morphology of sperm in the testis and spermatophore, and the sperm released after the spermatophoric reaction. During spermatogenesis, the male sperm cell gradually elongates from a round shape, with cytoplasm shifting toward the head and the acrosome forming. Additionally, in the spermatid stage, the flagellum develops within the posterior nuclear channel and extends outside the cytoplasm.

South Korean study to prevent cognitive impairment and protect brain health through multidomain interventions via face-to-face and video communication platforms in mild cognitive impairment (SUPERBRAIN-MEET): A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: We investigated the efficacy of a multidomain intervention (MI) via face-to-face and video communication platforms using a tablet personal computer application in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Three hundred participants with MCI and ≥ 1 modifiable dementia risk factor, aged 60-85 years, were randomly assigned to either the MI group, who underwent a 24-week intervention, or the control group, who received usual care.

Results: The overall adherence rate to MI was 84.

and are robust biomarkers for gingivitis and periodontitis in small dogs.

Introduction: Periodontal disease is one of the most common oral diseases in dogs and humans. It starts with gingivitis, a reversible condition, and progresses to an irreversible condition, periodontitis. Unlike humans, the etiology of periodontal disease in dogs has not been widely studied.

NKX6.3 modulation of mitotic dynamics and genomic stability in gastric carcinogenesis.

Background: Gastric cancer remains a significant global health challenge, characterized by poor prognosis and high mortality rates. Mitotic integrity and genomic stability are crucial in maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing tumorigenesis. The transcription factor NKX6.

Effect of Drying and Microwave-Assisted Extraction Parameters on Variety Koseret Essential Oil Yield.

Research Background: Green extraction technologies, such as microwave-assisted extraction, have been used to replace conventional methods of isolating essential oils from plants. In this study, the essential oil was extracted from the variety koseret using the advanced method of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation. The main objective was to investigate the effect of irradiation time, microwave power and particle size on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from leaves dried in an oven at 50 °C and room temperature.

Long-term high fat diet aggravates the risk of lung fibrosis and lung cancer: transcriptomic analysis in the lung tissues of obese mice.

Background: Previous studies reported significant relationships between obesity and pulmonary dysfunction. Here, we investigated genetic alterations in the lung tissues of high fat diet (HFD) induced obese mouse through transcriptomic and molecular analyses.

Methods: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal chow diet (NCD) or HFD for 12 weeks.

Erratum to: Corrigendum: 2023 Korean Society of Menopause - Osteoporosis Guidelines Part I.

This corrects the article on p. 126 in vol. 30, PMID: 39315504.

Development of a highly efficient microbial fermentation process of recombinant Escherichia coli for GABA production from glucose.

This study was aimed to develop a highly productive microbial fermentation process for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production from glucose. For this, an efficient GABA-producing E. coli strain was firstly developed through metabolic engineering with a strategy of increasing the flux of GABA biosynthetic pathway and deleting or repressing the GABA shunt pathways that compete with GABA biosynthesis.

Role of FOXO3a in LPS-induced inflammatory conditions in human dental pulp cells.

Objectives: We investigated the involvement of FOXO3a in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in primary human dental pulp cells (HDPCs).

Methods: HDPCs that were isolated from donors undergoing tooth extraction for orthodontic purposes were cultured with or without 1 μg/mL LPS at various intervals. The FOXO3a localization in the HDPCs was verified using immunofluorescence.

Silibinin alleviates house dust mite induced allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting NLRC4 inflammasome and MMP-9 expression.

Silibinin, a major compound of silymarin, has been reported to alleviate respiratory diseases including acute lung injury, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis through its antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the specific mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects, particularly in allergic asthma, are not fully understood. With the increasing prevalence and impact of allergic asthma, there is a need to elucidate the exact underlying mechanisms of its potential treatment effects.

Differences in mortality risk by levels of physical activity among persons with disabilities in South Korea.

Aim: The World Health Organization's recommendation of at least 150 min of physical activity per week is important for increasing the lifespan of persons with disabilities (PWDs).

Methods: Conduct a survival analysis to examine the relationship between physical activity and mortality using cohort data from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea from 2017 to 2021. The survival analysis included 259,146 PWDs, with a maximum follow-up of 57 months, and adjustments for covariates, including physical activity level, comorbidities, smoking, and alcohol consumption.

Optimal extent of lymph node dissection in clinical early-stage right colon cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Determining the extent of radical lymphadenectomy at clinical early stage is challenging. We aimed to investigate the appropriate extent of lymphadenectomy in clinical early-stage right colon cancer.

Methods: Patients with clinical stage 0 or I right colon cancer who underwent curative surgery from January 2007 to December 2021 were included in this retrospective study.

Korean Gastric Cancer Association-Led Nationwide Survey on Surgically Treated Gastric Cancers in 2023.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023.

Materials And Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form.

Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2024: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach (Update of 2022 Guideline).

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in both Korea and worldwide. Since 2004, the Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer have been regularly updated, with the 4th edition published in 2022. The 4th edition was the result of a collaborative work by an interdisciplinary team, including experts in gastric surgery, gastroenterology, endoscopy, medical oncology, abdominal radiology, pathology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology, and guideline development methodology.

Lab-on-paper for molecular testing with USB-powered isothermal amplification and fluidic control.

The global healthcare market increasingly demands affordable molecular diagnostics for field testing. To address this need, we introduce a lab-on-paper (LOP) platform that integrates isothermal amplification with a specially designed paper strip for molecular testing through an automated microfluidics process. The LOP system is engineered for rapid, cost-effective, and highly sensitive detection, using USB-powered thermal management and a wax valve mechanism.