Carbonate weakens the interactions between potassium and calcareous soil.

The ion interfacial transport driven by ion-surface interactions in calcareous soil has a profound impact on the nutrient storage and environmental buffer capacity of the main agricultural soils in dry and semi-arid areas. The roles that carbonate plays in preserving the soil's inorganic carbon pool and soil structure stability have been widely investigated, but its significance in the aforementioned microscopic processes, especially the influence of carbonate on the interfacial reaction kinetics of nutrient elements, is yet to be determined. In this study, potassium (K) was used as an indicator ion to investigate its affinity in carbonate-removed (CREM) and carbonate-reserved (CRES) calcareous soil using the general theory of ion diffusion in an external electric field.

Capsaicin modulates Akkermansia muciniphila abundance by enhancing MUCIN2 levels in mice fed with high-fat diets.

Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the impact of capsaicin (CAP) on lipid metabolism, focusing specifically on its interaction with the vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) ion channel. Additionally, studies have illuminated the role of Akkermansia muciniphila (), a specific strain of intestinal microbiota, in lipid metabolism. In this study, a model utilizing resiniferatoxin (RTX) was employed to deactivate TRPV1 ion channels in germ-free mice, followed by the administration of A.

Study on the deterioration characteristics of aeolian sand concrete under the coupling effect of multiple factors in harsh environments.

This study takes the aeolian sand concrete as a research object, uses the relative dynamic elastic modulus to study its macro characteristics, and combines nuclear magnetic resonance、scanning electron microscope to study its pore characteristics and micro morphology under the action of prestress, freeze-thaw and salt intrusion. The results show that with the increase of the amount of aeolian sand, the dynamic elastic modulus of aeolian sand concrete shows a pattern of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing; when no prestress is applied, the porosity of aeolian sand concrete first increases, then decreases, and then continues to increase. Among them, the porosity of aeolian sand concrete with a 40% content of aeolian sand decreases by 0.

TREM-1 governs NLRP3 inflammasome activation of macrophages by firing up glycolysis in acute lung injury.

The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a pro-inflammatory immune receptor potentiating acute lung injury (ALI). However, the mechanism of TREM-1-triggered inflammation response remains poorly understood. Here, we showed that TREM-1 blocking attenuated NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and glycolysis in LPS-induced ALI mice.

Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids Inhibit the Activation of Murine Fibroblasts by Blocking the TGF-1-Smad2/3 Signaling in a PPAR-Dependent Manner.

Background: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), the metabolite of arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 (CYP), reportedly serve as a vital endogenous protective factor in several chronic diseases. EETs are metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). We have observed that prophylactic blocking sEH alleviates bleomycin- (BLM-) induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in mice.

An ANN-based advancing double-front method for automatic isotropic triangle generation.

The advancing front method (AFM) is one of the widely used unstructured grid generation techniques. However, the efficiency is relatively low because only one cell is generated in the advancing procedure. In this work, a novel automatic isotropic triangle generation technique is developed by introducing an artificial neural network (ANN) based advancing double-front method (ADFM) to improve the mesh generation efficiency.

Dynamics of Known Long Non-Coding RNAs during the Maternal-to-Zygotic Transition in Rabbit.

The control of pre-implantation development in mammals undergoes a maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) after fertilization. The transition involves maternal clearance and zygotic genome activation remodeling the terminal differentiated gamete to confer totipotency. In the study, we first determined the profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) of mature rabbit oocyte, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, and morula embryos using RNA-seq.

A promising prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients basing on 6 hypoxia-related genes.

Background: Hypoxia signaling plays a critical role in the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We herein aimed to explore the prognostic value of hypoxia-related genes and construct the hypoxia-related prognostic signature for LUAD patients.

Methods: A total of 26 hypoxia-related genes were collected.

TRPV1 Receptor-Mediated Hypoglycemic Mechanism of Capsaicin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Our previous research showed that capsaicin exhibits hypoglycemic effects by activating the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel in diabetic rats. Interestingly, capsiate was also able to activate the TRPV1 channel, but with a non-significant hypoglycemic effect. This study aimed to investigate the effect of capsaicin on the glycometabolism of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by blocking the TRPV1 channel.

Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome up-regulates TREM-1 expression in murine macrophages via HMGB1 and IL-18.

NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) are considered critical orchestrators of the inflammatory response in acute lung injury (ALI). However, few assumptions are based on the relationship between them. Here, we investigated the effect of NLRP3 inflammasome activation on the TREM-1 expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and macrophages.

Specific ion effects of incomplete ion-exchange by electric field-induced ion polarization.

Incomplete ion-exchange results from ion interfacial reactions portray a particular scenario of interactions between ions and charged surfaces. In this study, the constant flow method was adopted to study the incomplete ion-exchange state of mono-valent cation adsorption of X (X = Cs, Na and Li) in X/K exchange at the montmorillonite particle surface. The pronounced incomplete ion-exchange state and strong specific ion effects were experimentally observed.

The ecological consequences of the large quantities of trees planted in Northwest China by the Government of China.

Rapid economic and population growth exacerbates water resource shortages and various associative ecological factors. Additionally, climate change makes it difficult to predict potential eco-environmental risks. The Government of China enacted a large-scale forestation campaign in the northwest to cope with the region's increasingly severe eco-environmental problems.

Effect of Post-Thermal Annealing on the Performance and Charge Photogeneration Dynamics of PffBT4T-2OD/PCBM Solar Cells.

In this work, we studied influence of post thermal annealing on the performance and charge photogeneration processes of PffBT4T-2OD/PCBM solar cells. As-prepared device exhibits a high-power conversion efficiency of 9.5%, much higher than that after thermal annealing.

Converting ginsenosides from stems and leaves of by microwave processing and improving their anticoagulant and anticancer activities.

A microwave processing technology was applied to degrade saponins from the stems and leaves of . Six transformation products (1-6), named 20()-ginsenoside Rg (1), 20()-ginsenoside Rg (2), notoginsenoside SFt (3), ginsenoside Rk (4), ginsenoside Rg (5), and 20()-ginsenoside Rh (6) were isolated and identified from a microwave processed extract of the stems and leaves of (MEL). This transformation method was also applied for producing the minor ginsenosides in flowers, seeds and pedicels of .

Surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals with different acid anhydrides for improved dispersion in poly(butylene succinate).

Hydrophilic cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are typically poorly dispersed in non-polar polymer matrices and, hence, a method for the surface modification of CNC is developed for improving this dispersion. This method included an esterification reaction with acetic anhydride, butyric anhydride, and caproic anhydride. The particle size distribution (range of sizes: 80-310 nm) of CNC was determined.

Investigation of Energy Transfer in Star-Shaped White Polymer Light-Emitting Devices via the Time-Resolved Photoluminescence.

A series of white polymer light-emitting devices (WPLEDs) were fabricated by utilizing star-shaped white-emission copolymers containing tri[1-phenylisoquinolinato-C2,N]iridium (Ir(piq)₃), fluorenone (FO) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) as red-, green- and blue-emitting (RGB) components, respectively. In these WPLEDs, a maximum current efficiency of 6.4 cd·A at 20 mA·cm and Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.

Does wearable device bring distraction closer to drivers? Comparing smartphones and Google Glass.

Background: Head-up and wearable displays, such as Google Glass™, are sometimes marketed as safe in-vehicle alternatives to phone-based displays, as they allow drivers to receive messages without eye-off-the-road glances. However, head-up displays can still compromise driver performance (e.g.

Solution-Processed Warm White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on a Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Dendrimer.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have received much attention for the fabrication of white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs); however, challenges remain owing to severe efficiency roll-off, poor color stability, and high cost. In this contribution, solution-processed hybrid WOLEDs were obtained by employing a blue TADF dendrimer, bis{4-[3,6-bis(3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazol-N-yl)carbazol-N-yl]phenyl}sulfone (BPS), combined with an orange iridium complex, bis(2-phenylbenzothiazolato)(acetylacetonate)iridium(III), Ir(bt) (acac), as a co-dopant. The devices achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency of 6.

Luminescent properties of single-phase Ba P O :xEu ,yCe , zTb phosphors for white light-emitting diode.

A series of Ba P O :xEu ,yCe ,zTb phosphors was synthesized via a co-precipitation method, then their crystal structure, quantum efficiency and luminescent properties were analyzed by XRD and FL, respectively. The results showed that these phosphors not only presented the excitation characteristics of Ba P O :xEu ,zTb , but also exhibited that of the Ba P O :yCe ,zTb phosphor. Meanwhile, the tri-doped phosphor showed a stronger absorption around 320 nm in contrast with the Eu /Ce :Tb co-doped phosphor.

One-pot solvothermal synthesis of ZnSe·xN2H4/GS and ZnSe/N-GS and enhanced visible-light photocatalysis.

Doped-graphene has attracted considerable attention in many fields because doping element can alter the electrical properties of graphene. In this paper, we synthesized ZnSe·xN2H4/graphene (ZnSe·xN2H4/GS) and ZnSe/nitrogen-doped graphene (ZnSe/N-GS) nanocomposites with p-n junctions via one-pot solvothermal process. The structure, morphologies and catalytic performance of the ZnSe·xN2H4/GS and ZnSe/N-GS are characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy (RS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cathodoluminescence spectrum (CL), respectively.