Fatal complications of aortoesophageal fistula caused by pseudoaneurysm following esophageal stent placement: A case report.

Rationale: Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is an exceedingly rare yet critically life-threatening condition, with mortality rates nearing 100% if not addressed promptly. AEF often develops in the context of thoracic aortic aneurysms, esophageal malignancies, or as a complication of foreign body ingestion and prior thoracic aortic surgeries. This study reports an exceptionally severe and clinically rare case of AEF associated with a pseudaneurysm induced by esophageal stenting.

Structural and functional connectivity coupling as an imaging marker for bone metastasis pain in lung cancer patients.

Background: Cancer pain is a common symptom in patients with malignant tumors and associated with poor prognosis and a high risk of death. Structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) couplings have not yet been explored in lung cancer patients with bone metastasis pain.

Methods: In total, 51 patients with lung cancer without bone metastasis pain (BMP-), 52 patients with lung cancer with bone metastasis pain (BMP+), and 28 healthy controls (HC) were prospectively enrolled in our study.

Measure Subtrochanteric Osteotomy in Unilateral Crowe-IV Dysplasia-Surgical Technique.

Objective: Determining the optimal osteotomy length for patients with unilateral Crowe-IV developmental dysplasia of the hip undergoing subtrochanteric osteotomy remains challenging due to the significant variability in pelvic and spinal alignment. Incorrect osteotomy length, compounded by pelvic or spinal tilt, can adversely affect postoperative gait and long-term outcomes. Therefore, this study could introduce a method to calculate the osteotomy length for patients with unilateral Crowe-IV developmental dysplasia of the hip, correcting spinal and pelvic tilt, and improving patient gait.

Clinical significance of fecal Syndecan-2 gene methylation combined with blood tumor abnormal protein detection in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of fecal Syndecan-2 (SDC2) gene methylation combined with blood tumor abnormal protein (TAP) detection for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precancerous lesions.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to collect patients diagnosed with CRC or colorectal adenoma (Ade) from March 2020 to March 2023, and healthy people (Nor) without any gastrointestinal diseases during the same period as the control group. All participants underwent the fecal SDC2 gene methylation test, blood TAP test and fecal occult blood test (FOBT).

Global, regional, and national burden of male breast cancer in 204 countries and territories: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study, 1990-2021.

Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare malignancy that has been under-investigated, with limited global epidemiological research dedicated to it. A comprehensive estimate of the global, regional, and national burden of MBC is valuable for policy planning. This study aims to evaluate the burden of MBC across 204 countries and territories.

Health-related quality of life analysis from ENTER, a randomized, controlled phase III trial of whole-brain radiotherapy with and without concurrent erlotinib in NSCLC with brain metastases.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is critical for patients with lung cancer due to poor prognosis. We presented patient-reported outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases (BM) who received whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in combination with erlotinib or WBRT alone in the phase 3 ENTER study.

Methods: The patients' HRQoL was assessed by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 30-item Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30).

A retrospective study of the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of SMARCA4-deficient thoracic tumors.

Background: Thoracic tumors characterized by a deficiency in SMARCA4 are highly aggressive and linked to a poor prognosis. This retrospective study explores the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with chemotherapy for SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors (SMARCA4-dUT) and SMARCA4-deficient non-small cell lung cancer (SMARCA4-dNSCLC).

Methods: A cohort of 59 individuals was analyzed, including 35 patients with SMARCA4-dUT and 24 with SMARCA4-dNSCLC.

Machine learning-based radiomics for guiding lymph node dissection in clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Preoperative assessment of lymph node status is critical in managing lung cancer, as it directly impacts the surgical approach and treatment planning. However, in clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), determining lymph node metastasis (LNM) is often challenging due to the limited sensitivity of conventional imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT). This study aimed to establish an effective radiomics prediction model using multicenter data for early assessment of LNM risk in patients with clinical stage I LUAD.

Deep Learning-Enabled Integration of Histology and Transcriptomics for Tissue Spatial Profile Analysis.

Spatially resolved transcriptomics enable comprehensive measurement of gene expression at subcellular resolution while preserving the spatial context of the tissue microenvironment. While deep learning has shown promise in analyzing SCST datasets, most efforts have focused on sequence data and spatial localization, with limited emphasis on leveraging rich histopathological insights from staining images. We introduce GIST, a deep learning-enabled gene expression and histology integration for spatial cellular profiling.

Basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1 regulates the function of immune cells and participates in the development of immune-related diseases.

The circadian clock is an internal timekeeper system that regulates biological processes through a central circadian clock and peripheral clocks controlling various genes. Basic helix-loop-helix ARNT-like 1 (), also known as aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (), is a key component of the circadian clock. The deletion of alone can abolish the circadian rhythms of the human body.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-associated tumor microenvironment remodelling and cancer immunotherapy.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine playing a pivotal role during inflammation and immune responses. In the recent years, the function of IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) for affecting tumorigenesis and immunotherapy response has been investigated. The genetic mutations are mainly responsible for the development of cancer, while interactions in TME are also important, involving both cancers and non-cancerous cells.

IBI310 plus sintilimab vs. placebo plus sintilimab in recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: It remains unclear whether adding CTLA-4 blockade to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade improves clinical outcomes in cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04590599), patients with recurrent/metastatic CC (R/M CC) who experienced disease progression after or during platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled from 37 centers across China and randomly assigned (1:1), stratified by PD-L1 expression and prior treatment lines, to receive either IBI310 plus sintilimab or placebo plus sintilimab intravenously every 3 weeks for 12 weeks, followed by sintilimab alone.

Self-driven and self-catalytic tripedal DNA nanomachine for rapid and sensitive detection of miR-21 in in colorectal cancer.

A self-driven and self-catalytic (SDSC) tripedal DNA nanomachine was developed for microRNA-21 (miR-21) detection. The microRNA could open one arm of tripedal DNA nanomachine to form DNAzyme with a nearby arm through the proximity effect. After DNAzyme's cleavage, the exposed DNA arm region competed with the third arm and produced a DNA segment (sequence Q).

Protein kinase A suppresses anti-proliferative effect of interferon-α in hepatocellular carcinoma by activation of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2.

Src homology-2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) plays a dual role in cancer initiation and progression. Identifying signals that modulate the function of SHP2 can improve current therapeutic approaches for IFN-α/β in HCC. We showed that cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) suppresses IFN-α/β-induced JAK/STAT signaling by increasing the phosphatase activity of SHP2, promoting the dissociation of SHP2 from the receptor for activated C-kinase 1 (RACK1) and binding to STAT1.

Efficacy and safety of KN026 and docetaxel for HER2-positive breast cancer: a phase II clinical trial.

Background: The standard first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer currently includes pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and docetaxel. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of KN026, an anti-HER2 bispecific antibody, plus docetaxel in first-line treatment of HER2-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II study enrolled patients with HER2-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer in 19 centers across China from December 30, 2019 to May 27, 2021.

The CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with T lymphocyte functions in long-term virally suppressed patients with HIV.

Objective: Long-term management of people living with HIV (PLWHs) often relies on CD4 T cell counts for assessing immune recovery, yet a single metric offers limited information. This study aimed to explore the association between the CD4/CD8 ratio and T lymphocyte activities in PLWHs.

Methods: 125 PLWHs and 31 HIV-uninfected controls (UCs) were enrolled and categorized into four groups based on their CD4/CD8 ratios: extremely low ratio (ELR) group: 0.

Engineering a wirelessly self-powered neural scaffold based on primary battery principle to accelerate nerve cell differentiation.

Electrical stimulation displayed tremendous potential in promoting nerve regeneration. However, the current electrical stimulation therapy required complex traversing wires and external power sources, which significantly limited its practical application. Herein, a self-powered nerve scaffold based on primary battery principle was gradient printed by laser additive manufacturing technique.

Exploring treatment-driven subclonal evolution of prognostic triple biomarkers: Dual gene fusions and chimeric RNA variants in novel subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia patients with KMT2A rearrangement.

Chromosomal rearrangements (CR) initiate leukemogenesis in approximately 50 % of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients; however, limited targeted therapies exist due to a lack of accurate molecular and genetic biomarkers of refractory mechanisms during treatment. Here, we investigated the pathological landscape of treatment resistance and relapse in 16 CR-AML patients by monitoring cytogenetic, RNAseq, and genome-wide changes among newly diagnosed, refractory, and relapsed AML. First, in FISH-diagnosed KMT2A (MLL gene, 11q23)/AFDN (AF6, 6q27)-rearrangement, RNA-sequencing identified an unknown CCDC32 (15q15.

The MIR181A2HG/miR-5680/VCAN-CD44 Axis Regulates Gastric Cancer Lymph Node Metastasis by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization.

Background: Lymphatic metastasis in gastric cancer (GC) profoundly influences its prognosis, but the precise mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we identified the long noncoding RNA MIR181A2HG as being upregulated in GC and associated with LNs metastasis and prognosis.

Methods: The expression of MIR181A2HG in GC was identified through bioinformatics screening analysis and qRT-PCR validation.

Clinical imaging and pathology analysis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated monomorphic lymphoproliferative disease after liver transplantation in children-a retrospective case series.

Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a significant complication that can arise following solid organ transplantation or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It encompasses a spectrum of lymphoproliferative lesions, ranging from benign reactive hyperplasia to malignant tumors, and is among the most severe complications following liver transplantation in children. It is essential for clinicians to gain a comprehensive understanding of the prevention, clinical manifestations, early diagnosis, and treatment strategies for PTLD in order to reduce mortality rates.

Protective role of triiodothyronine in sepsis‑induced cardiomyopathy through phospholamban downregulation.

Sepsis is often a cause of mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Notably, the heart is the organ most susceptible to the impact of sepsis and this condition is referred to as sepsis‑induced cardiomyopathy (SIC). Low triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome frequently occurs in patients with sepsis, and the heart is one of the most important target organs for the action of T3.

Lerociclib plus fulvestrant in patients with HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer who have progressed on prior endocrine therapy: LEONARDA-1 a phase III randomized trial.

Lerociclib (GB491), a highly selective oral CDK4/6 inhibitor, has displayed anti-tumor activity and differentiated safety and tolerability profile in previous ph1/2 clinical trials. The LEONARDA-1, a randomized, double-blind, phase III study, was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lerociclib in HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients, who had relapsed or progressed on prior endocrine therapy. A total of 275 patients were randomized at 1:1 ratio to receive lerociclib (137 patients, 150 mg twice daily) or placebo (138 patients) plus fulvestrant.

Arsenic trioxide preconditioning attenuates hepatic ischemia- reperfusion injury in mice: Role of ERK/AKT and autophagy.

Background: Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is indicated as a broad-spectrum medicine for a variety of diseases, including cancer and cardiac disease. While the role of ATO in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) has not been reported. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the effects of ATO on HIRI.

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of PAX9 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Paired box 9 (PAX9) has been linked to several human disorders; however, its relevance in Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unknown.

Methods: The difference in PAX9 mRNA expression in pan-cancer was analyzed utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the level of PAX9 protein expression across various types of cancer was assessed utilizing the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and UALCAN databases, as well as the cellular localization of PAX9. UALCAN studied the methylation levels of PAX9 in pan-cancer.