Neoadjuvant adebrelimab combined with chemotherapy (cisplatin/carboplatin and etoposide) for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a study protocol of phase 2 trial (NIUS).

Introduction: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly malignant neuroendocrine tumour, and concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the current recommended treatment for limited-stage SCLC. However, the overall survival (OS) of patients with SCLC remains poor. Therefore, improving the survival of patients with SCLC and benefitting more patients are urgent clinical requirements.

Efficient Degradation of Ciprofloxacin in Water Using nZVI/g-CN Enhanced Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Process.

Residual antibiotics in aquatic environments pose health and ecological risks due to their persistence and resistance to biodegradation. Thus, it is crucial to develop efficient technologies for the degradation of such antibiotics. This study presents a novel approach using a nano zero-valent iron/graphitic carbon nitride (nZVI/g-CN)-enhanced dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma process for the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP).

SREBF1 facilitates pathological retinal neovascularization by reprogramming the fatty acid metabolism of endothelial cells.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinal vascular disorder that critically affects the visual development of premature infants, potentially leading to irreversible vision loss or even blindness. Despite its significance, the underlying mechanisms of this disease remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we utilized the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model and conducted endothelial functional assays to explore the role of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBF1) in ROP pathogenesis.

Noncoding RNAs in sepsis-associated acute liver injury: Roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic applications.

Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sepsis-associated acute liver injury (SA-ALI) is a frequent and serious complication of sepsis that considerably impacts both short-term and long-term survival outcomes. In intensive care units (ICUs), the mortality rate of patients with SA-ALI remains high, mostly due to the absence of effective early diagnostic markers and suitable therapeutic strategies.

Platinum micromotors for mucosal penetration and colorectal cancer therapy.

The therapeutic outcomes of medications were restricted by the colonic mucosal barrier during the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Micro/nanomotors can overcome the mucus barriers to reach deep colorectal tumors. In this study, we constructed a novel microsized PLGA-Pt micromotor (MM) driven by hydrogen peroxide (HO) to enhance drug delivery to the CRC tissues and achieve effective antitumor therapy.

Long-term follow-up of zimberelimab in relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma: Insights from the phase Ⅱ YH-S001-04 clinical trial.

Background: Treating relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R cHL) remains challenging. This report extends the three-year follow-up period for the phase Ⅱ YH-S001-04 trial, expanding upon the initial 15.8-month analysis.

What is the optimal display range? Exploring the impacts of area and shape on in-vehicle head-up display efficiency.

In-vehicle Head-Up Displays (HUDs) are expected to incorporate more information in the future, necessitating deeper understandings of design properties that can enhance display safety and efficiency. However, the optimal display characteristics-particularly in terms of area and shape-remain inadequately understood. This study investigated these two factors by manipulating horizontal and vertical Field of View (FOV) angles within a simulated in-vehicle HUD.

Loureirin C inhibits ferroptosis and apoptosis in 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's model.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a type of chronic neurodegenerative disorder. There is an ongoing need for the development of new medications to address this illness. Loureirin C is known to have a protective impact on neurological disorders.

Potentiating the effect of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer using gas-entrapping materials.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show limited success in treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), largely due to immune evasion mechanisms, including downregulating expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I). Our retrospective analysis demonstrated that smoking - a state of elevated CO exposure - is correlated with increased MHC I expression in pancreatic tumors. Here we tested our hypothesis that introducing exogenous CO augments the anti-cancer effects of immunotherapy.

Nano-polymeric platinum activates PAR2 gene editing to suppress tumor metastasis.

Metastasis as the hallmark of cancer preferentially contributes to tumor recurrence and therapy resistance, aggrandizing the lethality of patients with cancer. Despite their robust suppressions of tumor progression, chemotherapeutics failed to attenuate cancer cell migration and even triggered pro-metastatic effects. In parallel, protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor subfamily, actively participates in cancer metastasis via multiple signal transduction pathways.

Geographical impact on the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in hilly terrain topsoil: A case study at Chongqing, SW, China.

The distribution and transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban environments are influenced by both anthropogenic sources and natural landscape features. While previous research has primarily focused on human activities as drivers of PAH pollution, the role of terrain-especially in cities with complex topographies-remains underexplored. To investigate the effect of terrain features on PAH distribution and transport, we analyzed topsoil samples evenly distributed in Chongqing, a city with hilly terrain (elevation: 48-2300 m).

Protocol for detecting eDNA in ecological rare fish using RPA-CRISPR-Cas12a technology.

The recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-CRISPR-Cas12a-FQ system enables sensitive detection of environmental DNA (eDNA) in rare fish species. Here, we present a protocol for eDNA amplification and Cas12a for target recognition using RPA. We describe steps for identifying a target site, synthesis and purification of CRISPR RNA (crRNA), and RPA isothermal amplification.

Atractylenolide I regulates colorectal cancer cells' biological processes and glycolysis via KRT7.

Atractylenolide I (ATL-I) can interfere with Colorectal cancer (CRC) cell proliferation by changing apoptosis, glucose metabolism and other behaviors, making it an effective drug for inhibiting CRC tumor growth. In this paper, we investigated the interactions between ATL-I and Keratin 7 (KRT7), a CRC-specific marker, to determine the potential pathways by which ATL-I inhibits CRC development. The KRT7 expression level in CRC was predicted online using the GEPIA website and then validated.

AXL: shapers of tumor progression and immunosuppressive microenvironments.

As research progresses, our understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) has undergone profound changes. The TME evolves with the developmental stages of cancer and the implementation of therapeutic interventions, transitioning from an immune-promoting to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Consequently, we focus intently on the significant role of the TME in tumor proliferation, metastasis, and the development of drug resistance.

Causal effects of retinol and vitamin D on tongue cancer risk: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that retinol and vitamin D may be associated with the oncogenesis of tongue cancer. Therefore, we aimed to assess the causal relationships of retinol and vitamin D with the risk of tongue cancer using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to retinol, vitamin D and tongue cancer were obtained from the up-to-date genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalogue, which was screened for instrumental variables (IVs).

Unraveling diabetic kidney disease: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing.

The incidence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is rising annually. Diabetes leads to structural damage and dysfunction in the kidneys, clinically manifesting as progressive proteinuria and declining renal function, ultimately resulting in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent findings have identified a subset of DKD known as normoalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease (NADKD), characterized by normal urine albumin levels but reduced renal function.

City-level emergy metabolism accounts for China's 281 cities from 2000 to 2020.

Cities exhibit diverse urban metabolism patterns in terms of the natural environment, industrial composition, energy, and material consumption. A chronicled city-level quantification of emergy metabolic flows over time can significantly enhance the understanding of the temporal dynamics and urban metabolism patterns, which provides critical insights for the transitions to sustainability. However, there exists no city-level urban emergy metabolism dataset in China that can support detailed spatial-temporal analysis.

Evaluation of sticky bone in guided bone regeneration in the aesthetic area of the anterior teeth: a retrospective study.

The retrospective study aimed to compare the space-maintaining effects of sticky bone (bone graft matrix enriched with injectable platelet-rich fibrin) and titanium mesh for bone augmentation in the aesthetic zone. Patients who underwent single implant placement and had type 2/4 alveolar bone defects (buccal bone wall loss is >50% of the expected implant length) were screened for inclusion in this study. The labial bone plate width was measured at 1, 3, and 5 mm below the apical implant platform on cone beam computed tomography images taken immediately and 6 months after surgery.

Functional connectome gradient of prefrontal cortex as biomarkers of high risk for internet gaming disorder.

Adolescents and young adults are considered a high-risk group for internet gaming disorder (IGD). Early screening for high-risk individuals with IGD and exploring the underlying neural mechanisms is an effective strategy to reduce the harm of IGD. We recruited 219 non-internet gaming addicted college students and evaluated them with magnetic resonance imaging, followed by a two-year longitudinal follow-up.

Multifunctional hyaluronic acid microneedle patch enhances diabetic wound healing in diabetic infections.

Diabetic wounds often exhibit a chronic non-healing state due to the combined effects of multiple factors, including hyperglycemia, impaired angiogenesis, immune dysfunction, bacterial infection, and excessive oxidative stress. Despite the availability of various therapeutic strategies, effectively managing the complex and prolonged healing process of diabetic infected wounds remains challenging. In this study, we combined the natural antidiabetic drug lipoic acid (LA) with the RADA16-YIGSR (RY) peptide obtained through solid-phase synthesis, utilizing reversible hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds for binding.

Multiple synergistic anti-aging effects of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 functionalized nanoplatform to improve age-related neurodegenerative diseases.

Aging is a critical factor in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive decline, with aging-related neuroinflammation and cellular senescence being major contributors. In the aging brain, the cerebral vascular endothelium overexpresses vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), activating microglia and leading to neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. Quercetin, a natural neuroprotective agent widely used for treating neurodegenerative diseases, their therapeutic efficacy, however, is limited by its poor water solubility and inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Regulating d-p band center with selenium vacancy in iron diselenide nanoarrays towards sulfion-assisted seawater electrolysis for chlorine-free hydrogen production.

Defect engineering is considered one of the most powerful strategies for regulating the catalytic activity of electrocatalysts. A deep understanding of the defect-involved mechanism in electrocatalytic process is of great importance but remains a challenging task. In this study, an anionic Se-vacancy (V) was introduced into iron diselenide (FeSe) nanoarrays, enabling the catalyst to exhibit improved electrocatalytic performance for sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR).

Assessment of interfacial properties in a two-layered plate using quasi-static component generation during primary Lamb wave propagation.

This study delves into the feasibility of leveraging quasi-static component (QSC) generation during primary Lamb wave propagation to discern subtle alterations in the interfacial properties of a two-layered plate. Unlike the second-harmonic generation of Lamb waves, QSC generation doesn't necessitate precise phase-velocity matching but rather requires an approximate matching of group velocities to ensure the emergence of cumulative growth effects. This unique characteristic empowers the QSC-based nonlinear ultrasonic method to effectively surmount the limitations associated with inherent dispersion and multimode traits of Lamb wave propagation.

Global research trends and emerging hotspots in nano-drug delivery systems for lung cancer: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis (1998-2024).

Purpose: Nano-drug delivery systems (NDDS) have become a promising alternative and adjunctive strategy for lung cancer (LC) treatment. However, comprehensive bibliometric analyses examining global research efforts on NDDS in LC are scarce. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying key research trends, emerging hotspots, and collaboration networks within the field of NDDS and LC.

Mitochondrial Porin Is Required for Versatile Biocontrol Trait-Involved Biological Processes in a Filamentous Insect Pathogenic Fungus.

The mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is the major channel in the mitochondrial outer membrane for metabolites and ions. VDACs also regulate a variety of biological processes, which vary in the number of VDAC isoforms across different eukaryotes. However, little is known about VDAC-mediated biocontrol traits in biocontrol fungi.