The value of radiomics-based hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign in predicting hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment.

Objective: To establish and validate a model based on hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) radiomics features for predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after endovascular treatment (EVT).

Methods: Patients with AIS who presented with HMCAS on non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) at admission and underwent EVT at three comprehensive hospitals between June 2020 and January 2024 were recruited for this retrospective study. A radiomics model was constructed using the HMCAS radiomics features most strongly associated with HT.

Dynamic changes and prognostic value of glutathione S-transferase alpha in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: Glutathione S-transferase alpha (GSTα) is an important antioxidant enzyme closely associated with the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The alterations in GSTα protein levels associated with Alzheimer's disease and their impact on cognitive abilities remain unclear. Thus, investigating the fluctuations of GSTα protein levels in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is essential.

The association of cigarette smoking with the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy: based on cross-sectional survey and mendelian randomization.

Background: The relationship between cigarette smoking and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains controversial, as existing studies have yielded inconsistent results. This study aimed to investigate the association between smoking and both the development and progression of DR.

Methods: This study encompassed two complementary approaches.

Integrated analyses of Mendelian randomization, eQTL, and single-cell transcriptome identify CCN3 as a potential biomarker in aortic dissection.

Plasma secretory proteins are associated with various diseases, including aortic dissection (AD). However, current research on the correlation between AD and plasma protein levels is scarce or lacks specificity. This study aimed to explore plasma secretory proteins as potential biomarkers for AD.

Investigates the Role of PANoptosis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Potential Therapeutic Targets.

Purpose: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease. PANoptosis, a unique inflammatory programmed cell death, it manifests as the simultaneous activation of signaling markers for pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. However, research on the role of PANoptosis in the development of IPF is currently limited.

Real-world evaluation of intracardiac echocardiography guided radio-frequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: a retrospective cohort study.

Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) has been used to guide radio-frequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for better catheter navigation and less radiation exposure in treating atrial fibrillation (AF). This retrospective cohort study enrolled 227 AF patients undergoing ICE- or traditional fluoroscopy (TF)-guided RFCA for AF in a tertiary hospital. ICE was used more often in patients with atrial tachycardia [odds ratio (OR) 3.

Development and validation of disulfidptosis-related genes signature for patients with glioma.

Background: Disulfidptosis has recently emerged as a novel form of regulated cell death (RCD). Evasion of cell death is a hallmark of cancer, and the resistance of many tumors to apoptosis-inducing therapies has heightened interest in exploring alternative RCD mechanisms.

Methods: Transcriptomic and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA).

Abnormalities of cortical and subcortical spontaneous brain activity unveil mechanisms of disorders of consciousness and prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of alterations in spontaneous brain activity in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), based on the mesocircuit theoretical framework, and to establish models for predicting recovery of consciousness.

Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed to measure the mean fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mfALFF) in sTBI patients with DOC and healthy controls, identifying differential brain regions for conducting gene and functional decoding analyses. Patients were classified into wake and DOC groups according to Extended Glasgow Outcome Score at 6 months.

Liraglutide improves cognition function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by downregulating β-secretase and γ-secretase and alleviating oxidative stress in HT-22 cells.

Diabetes has been regarded as an independent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Liraglutide could improve cognition in AD mouse models, but its precise mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used STZ-induced diabetic rats and HT-22 cells to investigate the effects of liraglutide.

Risk factors and predictive models in the progression from MCI to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is related to various factors. The causal relationships among these factors remain unclear. This study aims to investigate pathways of the progression by using causal analysis and build a predictive model with high accuracy.

Epidemiology, Process of Care, and Associated Outcomes of Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China: Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Population-Based Registry.

Objectives: To comprehensively describe the incidence, process of care, outcomes, and variation among different age groups of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in China.

Design: The Baseline Investigation of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-OHCA) is a prospective, multicenter, population-based registry of emergency medical services (EMS)-assessed OHCA in China.

Setting: A total of 25 monitoring sites of all seven geographical regions were included, covering a pediatric population (age ≤ 19) of around 22.

Relationship between pancreatic morphological changes and diabetes in autoimmune pancreatitis: Multimodal medical imaging assessment has important potential.

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a special type of chronic pancreatitis with clinical symptoms of obstructive jaundice and abdominal discomfort; this condition is caused by autoimmunity and marked by pancreatic fibrosis and dysfunction. Previous studies have revealed a close relationship between early pancreatic atrophy and the incidence rate of diabetes in type 1 AIP patients receiving steroid treatment. Shimada performed a long-term follow-up study and reported that the pancreatic volume (PV) of these patients initially exponentially decreased but then slowly decreased, which was considered to be an important factor related to diabetes; moreover, serum IgG4 levels were positively correlated with PV during follow-up.

Optimizing clinical decision-making for ruptured intracranial aneurysms: Current applications and future directions of computed tomography angiography.

Ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs) are a leading cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and are associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the preferred imaging modality for the diagnosis of RIAs, as it is considered to be a fast, economical, and less invasive method. In this letter, regarding an original study presented by Elmokadem , we present our insights and discuss how CTA can better assist in clinical decision-making for patients with RIAs complicated by SAH.

Risk of respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders associated with endothelin receptor antagonists and prostacyclin-related drugs in pulmonary hypertension: a disproportionality analysis based on FAERS.

Background: Adverse drug events (ADEs) for endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) and prostacyclin-related drugs (PRDs) have been reported in clinical trials, but large-scale, real-world evaluations for respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders (RTMD) remain scarce.

Methods: A pharmacovigilance analysis of the FAERS database (Q1 2004~Q2 2024) used the reporting odds ratio (ROR) method for disproportionality analysis to assess the adverse drug events (ADEs) of ERAs and PRDs in pulmonary arterial hypertension, focusing on risks related to RTMD.

Results: Reports of ADEs for ERAs (bosentan, ambrisentan, and macitentan) were 15,286, 36795, and 17,497, respectively, and for PRDs (epoprostenol, treprostinil, iloprost, and selexipag) were 5,477, 57265, 3,247, and 5,504.

The relationship between serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, NGAL, and renal function, and their diagnostic value in patients with chronic kidney disease: a retrospective study.

Background: The primary aim of this study is to explore the relationship between serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, and NGAL, and renal function in patients with CKD, as well as to evaluate their diagnostic value for early detection and monitoring of disease progression in CKD patients.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 108 patients with chronic kidney disease admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023. The patients were divided into the mild renal insufficiency group (51 cases) and the severe renal insufficiency group (57 cases).

Orbital granular cell tumor involving the superior rectus muscle: a case report.

Objective: The aim of this case report is to assess the clinicopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis of orbital granular cell tumor (GCT).

Methods: Clinical and imaging data of a rare case of orbital GCT involving the superior rectus muscle were collected. Its clinical characteristics, imaging, and histopathological features were observed.

A review on the novel biomarkers of systemic lupus erythematosus discovered via metabolomic profiling.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disease affecting various body organs and systems. The diagnosis of SLE and its complications is based on evident clinical symptoms, serological marker levels, and pathological findings. Some serological markers have a low sensitivity and specificity, and biopsy procedures are invasive in nature.

Impacts of initial ICU driving pressure on outcomes in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a MIMIC-IV database study.

Driving pressure (DP) is a marker of severity of lung injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and has a strong association with outcome. However, it is uncertain whether limiting DP can reduce the mortality of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between the initial DP setting and the clinical outcomes of patients with AHRF upon their initial admission to the intensive care unit (ICU).

A catalytic assembly triggered DNAzyme motor on spherical nucleic acids for sensitive small extracellular vesicle detection.

The expression levels of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are closely associated with several significant biological processes, which can be used as a crucial biomarker for cancer diagnosis, such as colorectal cancer. More efforts are still necessary to amplify sEV detection sensitivity, as their expression is minimal during the early stages of colorectal cancer. Through the integration of a catalytic assembly-triggered DNAzyme motor and gold nanoparticle (AuNP) aggregation, we have developed a triple signal amplified biosensor for the detection of sEVs.

Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound- vs Fluoroscopy-Guided Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Managing Renal Calculi: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (UG-PCNL) compared to fluoroscopy-guided PCNL (FG-PCNL) for kidney stone management, focusing on clinical outcomes and procedural efficiency.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2000 and 2024.

Association of dietary niacin intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2018.

The long-term health impacts of niacin are still debated, and the association between dietary niacin and mortality risk in populations hasn't been extensively explored. This study included 26,746 US adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018, with a median follow-up of 9.17 years.

Predictive models for secondary epilepsy in patients with acute ischemic stroke within one year.

Background: Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is a critical complication that worsens both prognosis and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke. An interpretable machine learning model was developed to predict PSE using medical records from four hospitals in Chongqing.

Methods: Medical records, imaging reports, and laboratory test results from 21,459 ischemic stroke patients were collected and analyzed.

Lactate and lactylation in gastrointestinal cancer: Current progress and perspectives (Review).

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, which have notable incidence and mortality, are impacted by metabolic reprogramming, especially the increased production and accumulation of lactate. Lactylation, a post‑translational modification driven by lactate, is a crucial regulator of gene expression and cellular function in GI cancer. The present review aimed to examine advancements in understanding lactate and lactylation in GI cancer.

Case report: A rare case of meningoencephalitis caused by .

Meningoencephalitis, an infectious disease affecting the nervous system, is primarily caused by a variety of pathogens. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have emerged as the leading causative agent of infections worldwide, but central nervous system infections resulting from NTM are infrequent in individuals with functioning immune systems. This case report highlights the diagnosis and treatment of a 26-year-old female patient who developed headaches 2 months post double eyelid surgery and was subsequently diagnosed with NTM meningoencephalitis through metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.