The SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin attenuates the activity of ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome axis in steatohepatitis with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as a risk factor for the progress of liver diseases. After tissue damage, there is the highest amplitude of ubiquitously sterile inflammatory response in the liver, resulting in a major clinical consequence concerning a high prevalence of steatohepatitis in DM patients. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory efficacy of dapagliflozin (DAPA), a sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on experimental steatohepatitis with DM.

PTPRU, As A Tumor Suppressor, Inhibits Cancer Stemness By Attenuating Hippo/YAP Signaling Pathway.

Background: PTPRU is an important signaling molecule that regulates a variety of cellular processes; however, the role of PTPRU in cancer development has remained elusive. Here, we report that PTPRU serves as a tumor suppressor that inhibits cancer stemness by attenuating Hippo/YAP signaling pathway.

Methods: Primary cancer cells and cell line cells were used in the study.

Dosimetric comparison of graphical optimization and inverse planning simulated annealing for brachytherapy of cervical cancer.

Purpose: Graphical optimization (GO) and inverse planning simulated annealing (IPSA) are the main treatment planning optimization techniques used in patients undergoing 3D brachytherapy treatment. This study aims to compare the dosimetric difference of plans optimized by GO and IPSA in cervical cancer brachytherapy.

Material And Methods: 21 cervical cancer patients data sets consisted of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), acquired with the Fletcher applicator were transferred to the Oncentra brachytherapy planning system.

Exenatide reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis by stimulating adiponectin secretion and activating APPL1-AMPK-PPARα axis.

Background: To explore the mechanism that exenatide reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the adiponectin pathway .

Methods: Cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into the control group (group C), diabetic group (group D), diabetic + exenatide treatment group (group DE), diabetic + exenatide treatment + APPL1 overexpression group (group OE), and diabetic + exenatide treatment + APPL1 knock-down group (group KD). After 48 h culture, the apoptosis rate, the adiponectin level in the cell culture fluid, and the expression levels of APPL1, p-AMPK, PPARα and NF-κB were detected by TUNEL, ELISA, and Western blotting, respectively.

Maintenance Versus Intermittent Strategies in the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis from Another Angle.

Introduction: Considering the differences in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are still inconclusive. We carried out a meta-analysis of maintenance and intermittent strategies for the treatment of mCRC aiming at providing an accurate estimation of different treatments in increasing the chance and duration of survival.

Methods: PubMed, Embase and CNKI were systematically searched.

PEG-coated and Gd-loaded fluorescent silica nanoparticles for targeted prostate cancer magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging.

Multimodal imaging probes have become a powerful tool for improving detection sensitivity and accuracy, which are important in disease diagnosis and treatment. In this study, novel bifunctional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/fluorescence probes were prepared by loading gadodiamide into fluorescent silica nanoparticles (NPs) (Gd@Cy5.5@SiO-PEG-Ab NPs) for targeting of prostate cancer (PCa).

Circulating ANGPTL8 Is Associated with the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Young Women.

Background: ANGPTL8 has been reported to be a regulator of lipid metabolism, and it is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We investigated whether ANGPTL8 plays a role in MetS.

Methods: ANGPTL8 and adiponectin concentrations were measured in PCOS patients with or without MetS and in their corresponding healthy controls.

PD-L1 instead of PD-1 status is associated with the clinical features in human primary prostate tumors.

Immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has shown efficacy in a variety of solid tumors. However, prostate cancer has often been a non-responder to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies. The objective of this study was to determine PD-1 and PD-L1 expression status and its correlation with clinical features of the patients.

Contemporary perioperative haemodynamic monitoring.

Haemodynamic monitoring is the cornerstone in the optimization of tissue perfusion and the prevention of deteriorating metabolism. Haemodynamic alterations could be summarized in terms of cardiac dysfunction, changes of loading conditions (preload or/and afterload), and patient related issues. This review aims to present the clinical applications of different haemodynamic monitoring techniques, discuss advantages and disadvantages, and provide guidance to help the clinician select those techniques suitable to optimize haemodynamics in individual patients during the perioperative period.

Screening of key miRNAs and evaluation of their diagnostic and prognostic values in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Increasing evidence has revealed the importance of microRNA (miRNA/miR) in cancer genesis and progression. The aim of the current study was to identify the key miRNAs involved in the onset and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to further evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic values. Microarray data were obtained and analyzed to screen differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between patients with NPC and healthy controls.

Higher Expression of Linc00152 Promotes Bladder Cancer Proliferation and Metastasis by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that Linc00152 is highly expressed in multiple cancer types and its genes show tumor-promoting characteristics. However, the efficacy and biological mechanism of Linc00152 in bladder cancer remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS We study investigated the relative expression and promoter methylation of Linc00152 in 126 cases of bladder cancer tissues by qRT-PCR and Bisulfite sequencing PCR.

Early enteral nutrition supplemented with probiotics improved the clinical outcomes in severe head injury: Some promising findings from Chinese patients.

Background: The role of early enteral nutrition (ENN) supplemented with probiotics (<48 hours) in improving clinical outcomes of patients with severe head injury (SHI) remains controversial. We performed this meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of EEN supplemented with probiotics on clinical outcomes in these patients.

Methods: Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature to identify potential studies.

The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5B (STAT5B) Gene Promotes Proliferation and Drug Resistance of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cells by Activating the Akt Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma with poor prognosis. Fludarabine is used alone or in combination for relapsed and advanced-stage MCL. The expression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B (STAT5B) gene is associated with tumorigenesis in solid tumors, but its role in MCL remains unknown.

Association Between the CD28 c.17 +3 T>C Polymorphism (rs3116496) and Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND Numerous studies have been conducted on whether CD28 rs3116496 polymorphism affected cancer susceptibility, and these findings have been controversial. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between rs3116496 and susceptibility to cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research published as of October 25, 2018 were comprehensively searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Chinese Wanfang database, CNKI, CBM.

Hepatic splenosis: Rare yet important - A case report and literature review.

Hepatic splenosis is an uncommon condition that occurs following traumatic splenic rupture or splenectomy. The case of a 41-year-old male patient with multiple isolated liver masses indistinguishable from primary and metastatic liver tumours is reported. Following laparotomy, the liver lesions were resected and histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of hepatic splenosis.

Perioperative transfusion and the prognosis of colorectal cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Perioperative transfusion can reduce the survival rate in colorectal cancer patients. The effects of transfusion on the short- and long-term prognoses are becoming intriguing.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to define the effects of perioperative transfusion on the short- and long-term prognoses of colorectal cancer surgery.

Glutathione peroxidase 4 maintains a stemness phenotype, oxidative homeostasis and regulates biological processes in Panc‑1 cancer stem‑like cells.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been widely accepted as critical molecules playing regulatory roles in various biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation and apoptotic/ferroptotic/necrotic cell death. Emerging evidence suggests that ROS may be involved in the induction of epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), which has been reported to promote cancer stem‑like cell (CSC) generation. Recent data indicate that altered accumulation of ROS is associated with CSC generation, EMT and hypoxia exposure, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.

Prophylaxis with oral zinc sulfate against radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer: Protocol for a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Oropharyngeal mucositis is considered to be an inevitable and the most troubling side effect of head and neck irradiation, which is caused by the direct toxic action of radiation on oral mucosa. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated the efficacy of zinc sulfate in prevention of radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. However, the definite conclusions have not been confirmed.

Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates liver injury induced by D-galactose in mice.

The present study investigated the effect and underlying mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) in attenuating subacute liver injury induced by D-galactose (D-gal) in mice. Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: i) D-gal-administration group (D-gal group), where the mice were intraperitoneally administrated with D-gal (120 mg/kg/day for 42 days); ii) D-gal + Rg1 group where the mice were treated with 120 mg/kg/day D-gal for 42 days and with Rg1 at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 35 days. The first dose of Rg1 was administered on the 8th day of treatment with D-gal; and iii) the normal control group, where the mice were injected with an equal volume of saline for 42 days.

Comparative efficacy of low volume versus traditional standard volume PEG on bowel preparation before colonoscopy: Protocol for an updated meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Introduction: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been considered as the first recommendation for bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy. A previous meta-analysis suggested that low volume PEG may improve the acceptability of ingesting bowel preparation solution. However, several limitations impaired the power of findings from this published meta-analysis, such as the variation in study design of included trials and adjuvant prescriptions.

Induced abortion and breast cancer: An updated meta-analysis.

Different epidemiological studies have indicated conflicting information about the association of induced abortion (IA) with breast cancer risk. A recent meta-analysis with prospective evidences did not support the positive association between IA and breast cancer risk. Thus, we in our meta-analysis study have tried to analyze this specific association.