Multimodality Treatment Outcome in Adult Patients with Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma.

Objective(s): Head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS) is a rare malignant tumor in adults. No standard treatment for adults with HNRMS currently exists.

Methods: A retrospective study of 72 newly diagnosed consecutive adult patients with HNRMS was conducted at one institution between November 2010 and April 2023.

Coronary computed tomography angiography for assessing the coronary artery and predicting adverse cardiovascular events in patients with thoracic malignancies.

Background: It is unclear whether the parameters derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) can identify the impairments of coronary arteries and if they are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with thoracic malignancies receiving chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal changes in coronary arteries using CCTA and to determine their association with MACEs in patients with thoracic malignancies receiving chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included consecutive patients with thoracic malignancies who received chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy and who underwent CCTA between June 2013 and May 2019 at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital.

Targeting HLA-E in Lung Cancer: The Therapeutic Potential of IRF5-Engineered M1-Macrophage-Derived Exosomes.

Immunotherapy is a pivotal approach in the treatment of lung cancer. Although HLA-E is a potential target for tumor immunotherapy, its role in lung cancer remains unclear. Previous studies have identified the transcription factor IRF5 as a characteristic gene of M1-like macrophages, highlighting its crucial role in promoting antitumor immune responses.

PCNA-binding activity separates RNF168 functions in DNA replication and DNA double-stranded break signaling.

RNF168 orchestrates a ubiquitin-dependent DNA damage response to regulate the recruitment of repair factors, such as 53BP1 to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). In addition to its canonical functions in DSB signaling, RNF168 may facilitate DNA replication fork progression. However, the precise role of RNF168 in DNA replication remains unclear.

CircWDR37 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis by mediating the miR-646/TRAF4 regulatory pathway.

Background: CircRNA has emerged as a significant player in human malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hsa_circ_0004277 (circWDR37) is abnormally up-regulated in HCC. But, its function and underlying mechanism in HCC progression are largely unknown.

Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy could be superior to chemotherapy alone in relapsed ovarian cancer after PARPi: evidence from a multi-center propensity score-matched analysis.

Objective: A retrospective, multi-center propensity score-matched (PMS) analysis was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of the treatment strategy that combines bevacizumab and chemotherapy for patients with relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who previously received poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPis).

Methods: A total of 250 ovarian cancer (OC) patients relapsed after PARPi received chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab at 4 medical centers were enrolled in the study. For both treatments, Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to compare PFS.

The additional value of myocardial T1ρ mapping to T1 and T2 mapping for predicting subsequent cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction in breast cancer patients who received anthracyclines with/without trastuzumab.

Objectives: We aimed to describe changes in parameters derived from myocardial T1ρ, T1, and T2 mapping and assess whether incorporating T1ρ mapping improves the predictive performance of T1 and T2 mapping for subsequent cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) in breast cancer patients treated with anthracyclines with/without trastuzumab.

Methods: From March 2021 to May 2023, 82 participants with breast cancer treated with anthracyclines with/without trastuzumab were prospectively recruited. Cardiac magnetic resonance was performed at baseline, 3 and 6 months in relation to baseline.

Real-world evidence of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and cancer: A -analysis.

Background: Several observational cohort studies have been conducted to investigate the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients who have both atrial fibrillation (AF) and cancer. Herein, we conducted a -analysis to present a comprehensive overview of the real-world evidence on DOACs in patients with AF and cancer.

Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was performed in PubMed and Embase until February 2024 for studies that enrolled AF patients with cancer who received DOACs or VKAs.

Study on the Role of EPHB6 in Inhibiting the Malignant Progression of Cervical Cancer C33A Cells by Binding to CBX7.

Cervical cancer stands as the most frequently diagnosed malignancy affecting the female reproductive. The erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte (Eph) family tyrosine kinases play important roles in tumorigenesis and cancer aggression. However, the exact role of EPHB6 in cervical cancer remains unknown.

Longitudinal Evaluation of Coronary Arteries and Myocardium in Breast Cancer Using Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography.

Background: The association of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and left ventricular (LV) myocardium measurements with cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is limited.

Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to evaluate the changes in coronary arteries and LV myocardium in patients with left breast cancer (BC) receiving anthracycline with or without radiotherapy, with the use of coronary CTA.

Methods: Participants with left BC receiving anthracycline with or without radiotherapy were prospectively included.

Successful Treatment of Switching EGFR-TKIs for Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Due to Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report.

Introduction: Icotinib and almonertinib are efficacious for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) factor patients with epidermal growth receptor (EGFR)-mutation. Patients who previously used EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI) may switch to another one due to the adverse events.

Case Presentation: Here, we report a case of a 73-year-old male patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma in which an EGFR (exon 21 L858R substitution) was found.

Penpulimab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, for heavily pretreated metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm phase II study.

Penpulimab is an anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) IgG1 antibody with no Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) binding activity, and thus theoretically reduced immune-related adverse events (irAEs) while maintaining efficacy. This single-arm, phase II trial conducted across 20 tertiary care centers in China enrolled adult patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who had failed two or more lines of previous systemic chemotherapy. Patients received 200-mg penpulimab intravenously every 2 weeks (4 weeks per cycle) until disease progression or intolerable toxicities.

Tumor Stiffness Measurement at Multifrequency MR Elastography to Predict Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Endometrial Cancer.

Background Pathologic lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is associated with poor outcome in endometrial cancer. Its relationship with tumor stiffness, which can be measured with use of MR elastography, has not been extensively explored. Purpose To assess whether MR elastography-based mechanical characteristics can aid in the noninvasive prediction of LVSI in patients with endometrial cancer.

A single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 clinical study of recombinant humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody-MMAE conjugate (MRG002) in HER2-positive unresectable locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Background: MRG002 is a novel HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate being investigated in the MRG002-006 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety in HER2-positive urothelial carcinoma patients.

Methods: This is an open-label, single-arm, multicenter phase II study. Eligibility criteria included: histologically confirmed HER2 IHC 2 + or 3 + UC, prior received ≥ 1 standard treatment.

A novel signature incorporating genes related to lipid metabolism and immune for prognostic and functional prediction of breast cancer.

Purpose: Breast cancer prognosis and functioning have not been thoroughly examined in relation to immunological and lipid metabolism. However, there is a lack of prognostic and functional analyses of the relationship between lipid metabolism and immunity in breast cancer.

Methods: DEGs in breast cancer were obtained from UCSC database, and lipid metabolism and immune-related genes were obtained from GSEA and Immune databases.

Efficacy of Huangma Ding or autologous platelet-rich gel for the diabetic lower extremity arterial disease patients with foot ulcers.

Background: Diabetes foot is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and an important cause of death and disability, traditional treatment has poor efficacy and there is an urgent need to develop a practical treatment method.

Aim: To investigate whether Huangma Ding or autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) treatment would benefit diabetic lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) patients with foot ulcers.

Methods: A total of 155 diabetic LEAD patients with foot ulcers were enrolled and divided into three groups: Group A (62 patients; basal treatment), Group B (38 patients; basal treatment and APG), and Group C (55 patients; basal treatment and Huangma Ding).

Blockade of a novel MAP4K4-LATS2-SASH1-YAP1 cascade inhibits tumorigenesis and metastasis in luminal breast cancer.

Novel components in the noncanonical Hippo pathway that mediate the growth, metastasis, and drug resistance of breast cancer (BC) cells need to be identified. Here, we showed that expression of SAM and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SASH1) is negatively correlated with expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) in a subpopulation of patients with luminal-subtype BC. Downregulated SASH1 and upregulated MAP4K4 synergistically regulated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of luminal-subtype BC cells.

Advanced Nanoencapsulation-Enabled Ultrasensitive Analysis: Unraveling Tumor Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations for Differential Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via DNA Cascade Reactions.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tEVs) hold immense promise as potential biomarkers for the precise diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their clinical translation is hampered by their inherent characteristics, such as small size and high heterogeneity and complex environment, including non-EV particles and normal cell-derived EVs, which prolong separation procedures and compromise detection accuracy. In this study, we devised a DNA cascade reaction-triggered individual EV nanoencapsulation (DCR-IEVN) strategy to achieve the ultrasensitive and specific detection of tEV subpopulations via routine flow cytometry in a one-pot, one-step fashion.

Study on the effect and mechanism of AFY06 on inflammation-associated colorectal cancer induced by AOM/DSS in mice.

Introduction: AFY06 (LR-AFY06) is a microorganism isolated from naturally fermented yogurt in Xinjiang, China.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of LR-AFY06 in a mouse model of inflammation-associated colon cancer. The mouse model was established by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS) induction.