Navigating Lupus Nephritis: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Treatment Trends.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious kidney complication associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), marked by the immune system's misdirected attack on kidney tissues, resulting in inflammation and compromised filtration. This condition has the potential to progress to end-stage renal disease in about 20% of patients within a decade of diagnosis. Lupus nephritis is more prevalent in females, highlighting the urgent need for effective treatment strategies.

Castleman Disease: A Rare Lymphoproliferative Disorder With Diverse Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approach.

Castleman disease (CD) includes rare and intricate lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by the abnormal growth of lymph nodes and immune system disturbances. It primarily presents in two forms: unicentric Castleman disease (UCD), which affects a single lymph node area, and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), which involves multiple lymph nodes and systemic manifestations. The disease's underlying mechanisms are often linked to immune system irregularities, especially involving interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Comparative Analysis of Digital Versus Conventional Impressions in Fixed Prosthodontics.

Background: In the realm of fixed prosthodontics, the transition from conventional to digital impressions has been a subject of ongoing debate. This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of digital versus conventional impressions in terms of accuracy and efficiency.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients requiring fixed prosthodontic treatment were selected for this study.

Evaluation of Diagnostic Methods and Rifampicin Resistance in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Hospital-Based Study.

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, predominantly affecting the lungs (pulmonary TB) and is a significant public health challenge in India. The study aims to analyze demographic, radiological, and clinical subgroups of pulmonary TB cases, examine the relationship between smear acid-fast bacillus (AFB examination) and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT), evaluate CBNAAT sensitivity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in new and previously treated patients, and determine the proportion of rifampicin resistance. Methods This hospital-based prospective study was conducted among patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB at the Respiratory Medicine Department of a Government Hospital over 16 months (August 2019 to December 2020).

Effect of shift work on dietary habits and occupational stress among nurses in a tertiary care centre: An observational study.

Introduction: Shift work comprises work hours other than 9 am to 5 pm. Healthcare jobs such as nursing have been associated with shift work, which can affect their overall health status. Due to excessive workload and instability in working hours, nurses are also prone to higher occupational stress.

Lack of Public Awareness and Prehospital Care in Severe Trauma Patients: The Weakest Link in the Indian Healthcare System.

Introduction: Management of trauma involves both in-hospital and prehospital care. The level of prehospital care plays a vital role in trauma management. Low- and middle-income countries are still in the nascent stages of development of their emergency medical services (EMS) systems.

Dengue Fever Accompanied by Neurological Manifestations: Challenges and Treatment.

Dengue, commonly referred to as 'breakbone fever,' is a mosquito-borne arboviral infection transmitted by , featuring an average incubation period of approximately seven days. Key cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-10 are pivotal in the pathogenesis of dengue. Travelers are particularly susceptible to contracting dengue fever, with disease severity often associated with CD8+ T cell response.

Correlation Between Pure Tone Audiometry Values and Middle Ear Ossicular Chain Status in Chronic Otitis Media: Study in a Tertiary Health Care Centre.

Aims: In this study, we attempt to compare the pure tone audiometry findings with ossicular chain status intraoperatively in patients of chronic otitis media.

Materials And Methods: 102 patients who presented with COM during a period of one year and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. All patients underwent preoperative pure tone Audiometry and findings were tabulated.

Postoperative Outcomes After Emergency Surgery in COVID-19 Patients: An Ambispective Matched Cohort Study.

Purpose There is limited data from the Indian subcontinent regarding the surgical outcomes of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. In this observational study, we aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes after emergency surgery in COVID-19 patients compared to concurrent age and gender-matched controls. We also sought to analyze the possible predictors of postoperative mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Evidence-based cognitive retraining in elderly depressives.

Background: Aging is a normal biological process, and its dynamic changes are beyond the control of human beings. The role of depression, fear, and anxiety in old age is preoccupied with unhappy thoughts, and loneliness leads to early deterioration in their cognitive performance which makes it difficult to perform daily activities and hence affects their quality of life.

Aim: The present study was done to assess the effectiveness of cognitive retraining in elderly depressives and its effect on their quality of life.

Over-the-Counter Medicine-Seeking Behavior in Patients With Dermatophyte Infections Across Various Socioeconomic Strata: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Objective: In dermatology outpatient departments in India, dermatophytosis is the most commonly encountered dermatosis. The objective was to collect data regarding the prevalence of over-the-counter (OTC) medication, knowledge of the illness, and hygiene habits among people with dermatophyte infections across various socioeconomic classes.

Methods: At a tertiary care facility in central India, a cross-sectional study was carried out over six months.

Comparative evaluation of impact strength of mechanically modified heat polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin with addition of 0.5, 1, 2 wt% of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs): An in-vitro study.

Objective: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is one of the most widely used denture base material because of favorable esthetics and desirable characteristics such as easy handling. Acrylic resins, although, have some inherent disadvantages such as relatively poor physical and mechanical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the impact strength of unmodified and modified heat cure PMMA-based denture base material with addition of different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (0.

Expression of Gata Binding Protein 3 as a Prognostic Factor in Urogenital Lesions and Its Association With Morphology.

Background: Urogenital malignancies, encompassing urinary bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and renal cell carcinoma, pose significant diagnostic challenges due to overlapping histopathological features. GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), a transcription factor associated with urothelial tissue, has shown promise as a potential diagnostic marker. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of these malignancies, explore GATA3's involvement in urothelial cancer (UC), and determine its role in distinguishing urogenital malignancies.

Cannabis use and its relationship with bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cannabis use has been stated as a causal risk factor for the occurrence of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. There is a dearth of literature stating the association of cannabis with bipolar disorder. This review aimed to find the repercussion of cannabis use on the onset of the first episode of bipolar disorder and the worsening of the symptoms in pre-existing illness.

Efficacy of intertruncal and corner-pocket approaches of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block in terms of ulnar nerve blockade: A randomised controlled study.

Background And Aims: The incidence of ulnar nerve sparing has declined with the corner-pocket approach of the supraclavicular block (SCB), however, it continues to persist. A recent technique of SCB, the intertruncal approach, separately blocks each trunk of the brachial plexus. Thus, we hypothesised that the intertruncal approach results in a complete ulnar nerve blockade.

Harnessing the Forgotten Triangles of the Neck for Lingual Artery Ligation in Glossectomies: A Technical Report.

Various geometric structures, such as numerous triangles, are prevalent in the neck. Despite the fact that many of the neck's anatomical triangles have been well documented, others have been almost forgotten about. The repertoire of head and neck cancer surgeons should include an in-depth understanding of these forgotten triangles.

Assessment of minimally invasive file systems on resistance to fracture using traditional and contracted access cavity designs in the maxillary first and second molars.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of access cavity design on fracture resistance of the extracted maxillary first and second molars prepared with three minimally invasive files.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and twelve extracted human maxillary molars were selected for the study and divided randomly into three groups according to different minimally invasive files used (self-adjusting files [SAF], XP-endo Shaper [XP], and 4 V-Taper 2H [VT]) and one control group (CG). All experimental groups were subdivided into two subgroups, i.

Intramuscular ketamine provides better sedation and scan conditions in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging: A single-blinded observational study.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare the quality of sedation provided by intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (im) ketamine for pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Analysis of the Effect of Female Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve Parameters.

Background: Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a known cause of female infertility. Worldwide incidence is 5%-10% and annual burden in India is around 4%-7%. It is known to cause tubal and endometrial damage.

Incidence of refractive surprise after phacoemulsification in patients of cataract with primary pterygium.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find the incidence of refractive surprise in patients of cataract with primary pterygium and compare it with patients of cataract without pterygium after phacoemulsification surgery.

Methods: The present observational study included 30 patients who had cataract with pterygium and 30 patients of cataract without pterygium. A detailed ophthalmic examination was done in all the cases.

Electrothermal Vessel Sealing Versus Conventional Suturing in Abdominal Hysterectomy: A Randomised Trial.

Introduction: The present randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare haemostatic efficiency, operative time, and overall performance of the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing (EBVS) system with conventional suturing in abdominal hysterectomy.

Materials And Methods: The trial was designed with standard parallel arms, i.e.