Immunogenicity of HIV-1 mRNA and VLP mRNA Vaccines in Mice.

Background: The development of a protective vaccine is critical for conclusively ending the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic.

Methods: We constructed nucleotide-modified mRNA vaccines expressing HIV-1 Env and Gag proteins. Env-gag virus-like particles (VLPs) were generated through co-transfection with env and gag mRNA vaccines.

The Development of a Novel Broad-Spectrum Influenza Polypeptide Vaccine Based on Multi-Epitope Tandem Sequences.

Background: Polypeptide vaccines have the potential to improve immune responses by targeting conserved and weakly immunogenic regions in antigens. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the efficacy of a novel influenza universal vaccine candidate consisting of multiple polypeptides derived from highly conserved regions of influenza virus proteins hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix protein 2 (M2).

Methods: Immunoinformatics tools were used to screen conserved epitopes from different influenza virus subtypes (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N9, H9N2, and IBV).

Attitudes Toward General Vaccination Mediate the Association Between Influenza Vaccination History and Pneumococcal Vaccination Intention Among Older Adults in China.

Influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations play a crucial role in disease prevention among older adults and are recommended to older adults aged 60 years and over in China, but the vaccination rates are suboptimal. Behavioral spillover indicates that a change in one behavior may lead to changes in other related behaviors. Based on the Behavioral Spillover Theory, this study aimed to investigate the association between influenza vaccination history and pneumococcal vaccination intention, as well as the mediating role of negative attitudes toward general vaccination among older adults in China.

Echinococcosis: From Parasite-Host Interaction to Rapid Detection.

Echinococcosis is one of the most serious and life-threatening parasitic zoonoses worldwide caused by the larvae of the genus [...

determination of protective antibody thresholds for SARS-CoV-2 variants using mouse models.

Neutralizing antibody titers have been shown to correlate with immune protection against COVID-19 and can be used to estimate vaccine effectiveness. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between neutralizing antibodies and protection. However, there remains a lack of quantitative data directly assessing the minimum effective protective neutralizing antibody titer in .

Gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in pregnant mothers and infant atopic dermatitis: A multi-omics study.

Background: Many studies reported the influence of infants' gut microbiota on atopic dermatitis (AD) postnatally, yet the role of maternal gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in infants' AD remains largely unexplored.

Methods: Sixty-three pregnant mother-infants were enrolled and followed after childbirth in Guangzhou, China. Demographic information, maternal stool and plasma samples, and records for infants' AD were collected.

Diabetes mortality burden attributable to influenza in China: A population-based time-series analysis.

Background: Previous studies have found an association between influenza, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality, and all-cause mortality. And the vaccination of elderly diabetes is often recommended to reduce the risk of hospitalization and death. Nevertheless, no previous work has investigated the short-term impact of influenza on diabetes mortality in China.

Receptor binding, structure, and tissue tropism of cattle-infecting H5N1 avian influenza virus hemagglutinin.

The ongoing circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) viruses, particularly clade 2.3.4.

Effects of PM exposure and air temperature on risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence from a prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Evidence from extensive cohort studies about the individual and combined associations of air pollution and air temperature with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity is limited. This study aimed to examine the long-term effects of PM exposure and air temperature on CVD based on a cohort study of middle-aged and older populations in China.

Methods: A total of 9,316 non-CVD adults (≥40 years old) who joined the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study between 2011 and 2018 were included in our analysis.

Clinical and Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain characteristics of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus in Changping District, Beijing, China.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), However, limited research exists on their clinical and strain characteristics. This study aims to investigate the correlation between these factors in TB-DM patients in Changping District.  METHODS: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and drug susceptibility tests (DST) were performed on culture-positive strains.

Benzene-induced hematotoxicity enhances the self-renewal ability of HSPCs in Mll-Af9 mice.

Patients with benzene-induced leukemia undergo a continuous transformation from myelosuppression to malignant proliferation. However, the underlying mechanisms in this process remain unknown. Our previous studies have shown that the pathways involved in self-renewal capacity of bone marrow (BM) cells in Mll-Af9 mice exposed to benzene for life are significantly activated after severe blood toxicity.

Haplotypes of Chloroquine Resistance Marker Genes Among Uncomplicated Malaria Cases in Lagos, Nigeria.

Drug resistance resulting from mutations in Plasmodium falciparum, that caused the failure of previously effective malaria drugs, has continued to threaten the global malaria elimination goal. This study describes the profiles of P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (Pfcrt) and P.

[Prevalence and genetic characteristics of infections among HIV-positive individuals in Jiangxi Province].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of infection and the distribution of parasite species and genotypes among HIV-positive individuals in Jiangxi Province.

Methods: HIV-positive individuals' sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from three AIDS designated hospitals in Jiangxi Province from January 2022 to March 2023. Subjects' stool samples were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from stool samples.

[Health education and health promotion during the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination Ⅰ Investigation on health education needs and available resource based on integration of community resources].

Objective: To investigate the health education needs and available resources in schistosomiasis-endemic areas based on integration of community resources, and to explore the operation pathways for health education and promotion during the stage of schistosomiasis elimination.

Methods: A community was selected from Nanji Township, Xinjian District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province around the Poyang Lake areas as the study site, and a questionnaire survey on health education needs for schistosomiasis control was conducted among permanent residents at ages of 20 years in the community during the period between June and July, 2022 using face-to-face interviews. In addition, the resources available for the community-based schistosomiasis control health education were investigated among workers in township-level specialized institutions, members of civil society organizations, villagers, teachers and high and primary school students through field observations, field surveys and thematic interviews.

[Prediction of potential geographic distribution of in Yunnan Province using random forest and maximum entropy models].

Objective: To predict the potential geographic distribution of in Yunnan Province using random forest (RF) and maximum entropy (MaxEnt) models, so as to provide insights into surveillance and control in Yunnan Province.

Methods: The snail survey data in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2016 were collected and converted into snail distribution site data. Data of 22 environmental variables in Yunnan Province were collected, including twelve climate variables (annual potential evapotranspiration, annual mean ground surface temperature, annual precipitation, annual mean air pressure, annual mean relative humidity, annual sunshine duration, annual mean air temperature, annual mean wind speed, ≥ 0 ℃ annual accumulated temperature, ≥ 10 ℃ annual accumulated temperature, aridity and index of moisture), eight geographical variables (normalized difference vegetation index, landform type, land use type, altitude, soil type, soil textureclay content, soil texture-sand content and soil texture-silt content) and two population and economic variables (gross domestic product and population).

Predicting dengue incidence in high-risk areas of China through the integration of Southeast Asian and local meteorological factors.

Dengue, a climate-sensitive mosquito-borne viral disease, is endemic in many tropical and subtropical areas, with Southeast Asia bearing the highest burden. In China, dengue epidemics are primarily influenced by imported cases from Southeast Asia. By integrating monthly maximum temperature and precipitation from Southeast Asia and local provinces in China, we aim to build models to predict dengue incidence in high-risk areas of China.

Unlocking Neuroinflammation: A Balanced Art for Therapeutics of Prion Disease.

Neuroinflammation plays a dual role in prion diseases, contributing both to the clearance of misfolded scrapie-like prion protein and to neuropathology through chronic activation of inflammatory pathways. Key mechanisms, including M-CSF/CSF1R signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and the Galectin-3/TREM2 axis, etc., highlight the complexity of targeting neuroinflammation for therapeutic intervention.

Trends in tuberculosis mortality among older adults in China, 2004-2021: a Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in China and globally, particularly among older adults. This study aimed to examine secular trends in TB mortality among older adults in China and the net effects of age, period, and cohort.

Methods: Data from the National Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs) system were analyzed using Joinpoint regression to determine annual changes in TB mortality among individuals aged 60 years and older from 2004 to 2021.

The moderating role of parent-child interaction in the relationship between maltreatment and psychological well-being among preschool children.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between maltreatment and psychological well-being among preschool children and explore parent-child interaction's moderating role on this association.

Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design and multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. Between December 2022 and January 2023, 180 kindergartens in the Hainan province-encompassing 4,886 newly enrolled children as participants-were selected.

Dynamic changes and future trend predictions of the global burden of anxiety disorders: analysis of 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021 and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Anxiety disorders is a significant contributor to the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has exacerbated the issue. Previous studies have not examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety disorders over the entire time series, nor have they offered predictions regarding future trends of global anxiety disorders in the aftermath of the pandemic. This study aims to present the Age-Standardized Prevalence Rates (ASPR), Age-Standardized Incidence Rates (ASIR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with anxiety disorders from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and regions, emphasizing the age structure and the disease burden following the pandemic.

Proteomic Identification and Functional Analysis of Reveals Heparin-Binding Proteins.

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) molecules on the surface of red blood cells play an important regulatory role in the invasion of merozoites of apicomplexan protozoa. Heparan sulfate, a type of GAG molecule, has been identified as an important receptor facilitating the invasion of red blood cells by these parasites. Proteins in the parasite that exhibit strong affinity for heparin may play a pivotal role in this invasion process.

Fertility desires in young men aged 18-24 living with HIV: a study across five Chinese provinces.

Limited data exists concerning the fertility desires of young people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in China, making it difficult to develop appropriate reproductive health service policies and interventions for them. Extensive fieldwork was carried out from April to May 2021 in 10 selected survey sites across five provinces, targeting all young men aged between 18 and 24 years living with HIV. The association between independent variables and fertility desires was determined using Chi-square tests and Multivariate binary logistic regression models.

[Epidemiological characteristics of measles in Zhuhai City from 2005 to 2022].

A total of 1 159 measles cases were reported in Zhuhai City from 2005 to 2022, with an average annual incidence rate of 4.21/10 (0-30.51/10).

[Analysis of the impact of salt reduction interventions on primary school students' parents based on the home-school interaction model].

To analyze the impact of salt reduction interventions on the knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding the salt reduction of students' parents based on the home-school interaction model. In April 2021, parents of students in grades 3-5 from three primary schools in Yichang City were selected as the target population using a cluster sampling method, and the parent population was divided into an intervention group and a control group. In the intervention group, a comprehensive home-school interaction salt reduction intervention was implemented, and in the control group, no intervention measures were taken for students' parents.