Systematic evaluation and review of Germany renewable energy research: A bibliometric study from 2008 to 2023.

Research Purpose: This study aims to outline the fundamental status of the German academic community's research in the field of renewable energy and to foster collaboration between China and Germany in this area.

Research Methods: This study examines documents published by German scholars from 2008 to 2023, which are part of the "Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection" database and related to renewable energy issues, using the bibliometric visualization tool CiteSpace 6.2.

Application of lead isotope signature and likelihood ratio evaluation in a shooting incident investigation.

Bullet projectiles are often found in shooting crime scenes and can help identify the cartridges used in shooting events. The most conclusive way to link a fired projectile to a firearm is by identifying the unique markings of the barrel on the projectile or case. But in circumstances where the investigation of striation marks is impossible, lead isotope ratio signature analysis of projectile fragments can facilitate building the linkage of the suspect, the cartridge used and the victim.

Lead isotope measurement of primer gunshot residues and likelihood ratio predictions for forensic cartridge discrimination and individualization in China.

Gunshot residues (GSR), cartridge projectiles, and casings are frequently encountered evidence in gun-related forensic investigations. However, in circumstances where the investigation of striation marks is impossible, such as unrecovered or deformed projectiles and cartridge casings, GSR deposited on the hands or clothes of the shooter and victim-related items can provide information to establish a link between the suspect, the firearms used, and the victim. Since the formula of primers used by all cartridge manufacturers in China is identical, links based on the conventional morphological and compositional analysis of GSR are difficult to establish.

A case study in forensic soil comparison.

Soil examination can provide useful forensic information about the spatial location and suspect's activities. Many techniques have been applied for soil comparison and provenance determination in criminal investigations. Pollen and diatom identification, which has the potential to provide an independent ecological assessment of soil evidence, is currently underused in forensic soil analysis.

Forensic comparison analysis of plastic vehicle headlamp lens by gel permeation chromatography and statistical methods.

Comparison analysis of vehicle headlamp lens fragments can help establish links between the relevant vehicle with crime scenes or provide useful information to search the related vehicles. Headlamp lenses are mainly made of polycarbonate with very few signature additives, which makes them difficult to be discriminated by commonplace examination methods of infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In this study, molecular weights (Mw) and the polydispersity index (PDI) value of 50 vehicle headlamp lens fragments from different vehicles were measured by gel permeation chromatography, and Hotelling's T statistical method was applied to facilitate interpretation of the data.

Solid-supported synergistic twain probes with aggregation-induced emission: A sensing platform for fingerprinting volatile amines.

Two solid emitters DMA and HBA were synthetized, showing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) phenomenon. Incorporation of electron donor-acceptor (D-A) pairs endows the solid emitters with both charge transfer (CT) state emission and distinct solvatochromic effect. The compounds undergo a rapid interaction with amines followed by the resulting weakened electron withdrawing ability to yield florescent products with either hypochromatic shift or decrease in the emission intensity.

Epileptic seizure detection based on the kernel extreme learning machine.

This paper presents a pattern recognition model using multiple features and the kernel extreme learning machine (ELM), improving the accuracy of automatic epilepsy diagnosis. After simple preprocessing, temporal- and wavelet-based features are extracted from epileptic EEG signals. A combined kernel-function-based ELM approach is then proposed for feature classification.

Identification of aged bloodstains through mRNA profiling: Experiments results on selected markers of 30- and 50-year-old samples.

Remarkable progress has been made in recent years on the research of body fluid identification through messenger RNA(mRNA) profiling. In order to examine the viability of mRNA profiling as a method to identify aged bloodstains, this study tested two groups of bloodstain samples, dated 30 years and 50 years back respectively, on seven blood specific markers, i.e.

Homeownership among Older Adults in Urban China: the Importance of Institutional Factors.

Homeownership is a key element to maintain social welfare and stability in an aging society. Yet, the existing literature on homeownership does not adequately address non-Western cultures and institutional factors. We used two nationwide surveys in 2006 and 2010 to investigate how institutional factors are associated with homeownership among older adults in China.

A fully integrated and automated microsystem for rapid pharmacogenetic typing of multiple warfarin-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

A fully integrated and automated microsystem consisting of low-cost, disposable plastic chips for DNA extraction and PCR amplification combined with a reusable glass capillary array electrophoresis chip in a modular-based format was successfully developed for warfarin pharmacogenetic testing. DNA extraction was performed by adopting a filter paper-based method, followed by "in situ" PCR that was carried out directly in the same reaction chamber of the chip without elution. PCR products were then co-injected with sizing standards into separation channels for detection using a novel injection electrode.

A validation study of a multiplex INDEL assay for forensic use in four Chinese populations.

Insertion/deletion (INDELs) marker sets can serve as a useful supplementary tool for human identification. A commercial kit, the Qiagen DIPplex(®) Investigator kit, multiplexes 30 biallelic autosomal INDELs and Amelogenin for forensic use. We performed a validation study based on the DIPplex(®) kit in four Chinese populations: Han, Tibetan, Uyghur, and Kazakh.

Evaluation of DFO/PVP and its application to latent fingermarks development on thermal paper.

A new method for improved development of latent fingermarks on thermal paper by 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) treatment is described. Compared with conventional DFO solution, the mixed solution of DFO/PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) described here reduces black background staining without removing the thermosensitive layer and develops fingermarks by the reaction of DFO with amino acid deposited on the thermal paper's surface. An advantage of this approach is that the developed fluorescent fingermarks have high contrast and can be observed and photographed when excited in the 515 nm region and observed through an orange-red barrier long-pass filter with no background coloration.

[Determination of three drugs and their metabolites in saliva by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

An ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/ MS) method has been developed for the methamphetamine, morphine and O6-acetylmorphine in saliva. The sample was extracted and the protein was precipitated with acetonitrile. The matrix-matched standard solutions were used to prepare the curve of quantitative analysis.

Super fast detection of latent fingerprints with water soluble CdTe quantum dots.

A new method based on the use of highly fluorescent water-soluble cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) capped with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) was explored to develop latent fingerprints. After optimized the effectiveness of QDs method contains pH value and developing time, super fast detection was achieved. Excellent fingerprint images were obtained in 1-3s after immersed the latent fingerprints into quantum dots solution on various non-porous surfaces, i.

[Low volume amplification in single cell separation and inspection].

Objective: To establish optimal amplification conditions with the application of 0.2 mL test tube in single cell separation and inspection.

Methods: Oral epithelium cell suspension was prepared.

[Applications of DNA identification technology in protection of wild animals].

With the development of biotechnology, forensic DNA identification technology in protection of wild animals has been used more and more widely. This review introduces the global status of wildlife crime and the relevant protection to wildlife, outlines the practical applications of forensic DNA identification technology with regard to species identification, determination of geographic origin, individual identification and paternity identification. It focus on the techniques commonly used in DNA typing and their merits and demerits, as well as the problems and prospects of forensic DNA technology for wildlife conservation.

[Rapid analysis of added ingredients in heroin].

The method of rapid analysis of added ingredients in heroin was studied in the present paper. Adding sucrose, fructose, glucose, starch, caffeine and phenacetin to heroin with a certain percentage, the changes in the infrared spectrum with the concentration of heroin increasing and the detection limit of the additives were determined. Whether or not heroin can be detected in the sample with high concentration of added ingredients was studied using Raman spectroscopy.

[Metabonomics and its perspective on forensic medicine].

Metabolomics is a new study, which use chromatography, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), capillary electrophoresis (CE) techniques on the cells, organs and other body fluids and metabolites in samples were isolated, purified and testing, re-use bioinformatics tools on the obtained data are analyzed to obtain one or a set of biomarker information. Based on analysis of the literatures in recent years, metabolomics was summarized from history, concept, advantage, methods, application, difficulties and challenges, journals and books, websites, and its application in forensic medicine was forecasted. As a new branch of global system biology, metabonomics developed rapidly, and its perspective on forensic medicine was feasible and very optimistic.

Application of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and CE with UV detection for the chiral separation and determination of the multiple illicit drugs on forensic samples.

A new method was developed for pre-concentration, chiral separation and determination of multiple illicit drugs on forensic samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) with Ultra Violet (UV) detection. The method was based on the formation of tiny droplets of an organic extractant in the prepared sample solution using water-immiscible organic solvent (chloroform) dissolved in water-miscible organic dispersive solvent (isopropyl alcohol). The organic phase, which extracted heroin, DL-methamphetamine, DL-3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and dl-ketamine from the prepared sample solution, was separated by centrifuging.

[A study of developing fingermarks by nano-titanium dioxide shielding ultraviolet-ray].

In view of the difficulty in developing fingermarks on the color or strong fluorescence surface, the present paper reported a novel method to develop fingermark by shielding ultraviolet-ray. Nano-titanium dioxide with rutile phase had extremely high shielding ability of ultraviolet-ray. The TEM indicated that the average particle size of rutile titanium dioxide in experiment was about 30 nm, and they were mostly sphericity.

[The application of chemical imaging to detection and enhancement of latent fingerprints].

Chemical imaging (CI) integrates conventional imaging and spectroscopy to attain both spectral and spatial components and structural information from an object simultaneously. Vibrational spectroscopic methods, such as infrared and Raman spectroscopy, combined with imaging are particularly useful. In recent years, CI has found important application in the field of forensic science due to its advantage of highly sensitive, rapid, non-destructive features and it can provide qualitative and quantitative information about specimen at one time.

[Genetic polymorphism of 6 short tandem repeat loci in Chinese Han population in Shanxi].

Objective: To obtain the polymorphism data of six short tandem repeat (STR) loci, i.e. D9S925, D11S2368, D14S608, D15S659, D17S1290 and D20S470, in Chinese Han population in Shanxi province, and to evaluate the usefulness of the polymorphism data in forensic science.

Determination of amphetamines in hair by GC/MS after small-volume liquid extraction and microwave derivatization.

We report here on the results of a procedure for the determination of amphetamine drugs in hair. The procedure is simple and sensitive. The results from the procedure using small-volume extraction matches perfectly with those either from using the derivatization method or selected ion monitoring (SIM) detection.

[Study on amidation reaction between CdS/PAMAM and amino acid and its application to latent fingerprint development].

A new method for the development of latent fingerprints by CdS/PAMAM nanocomposites was explored in the present research. Amidation reaction between terminal carboxylate groups of amino acids and terminal amino groups of PAMAM G4. 5 dendrimers was studied by FTIR spectrometry.