Identification of Potential Gene and MicroRNA Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a disease that seriously endangers human health. At present, AKI lacks effective treatment methods, so it is particularly important to find effective treatment measures and targets. Bioinformatics analysis has become an important method to identify significant processes of disease occurrence and development.

Generation of iPSC from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from a patient with TSC2-PKD1 contiguous gene deletion syndrome.

TSC2-PKD1 contiguous gene deletion syndrome is characterized by tuberous sclerosis complex and polycystic kidney disease. We obtained peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a patient with TSC2-PKD1 contiguous gene deletion syndrome. We performed reprogramming using non-integrative episomal vectors to obtain human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).

Method used to establish a large animal model of drug-induced acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury is a serious health hazard disease due to its complex etiology and lack of effective treatments, resulting in high medical costs and high mortality. At present, a large number of basic research studies on acute kidney injury have been carried out. However, acute kidney injury models established in rodents sometimes do not simulate the course of human disease well.

Cottonseed Oil Alleviates Ischemic Stroke-Induced Oxidative Stress Injury Via Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

Oxidative stress is believed to be one of the primary causes in ischemic stroke injury, and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is the most important endogenous antioxidative stress damage pathway. Cottonseed oil (CSO), which is used mostly as a solvent for lipid-soluble drugs, has been shown to exert antioxidative effects against peripheral tissue injury. However, the effects and mechanisms of CSO on ischemic stroke-induced oxidative stress injury and the Nrf2 signaling pathway remain largely unknown.

TREM-1 promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in LPS-treated HK-2 cells through the NF-κB pathway.

Triggering receptor expressed by myeloid cells (TREM-1) is an amplifier of inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial or fungal infection. Soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) expression was found to be upregulated in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) and predicted to be a potential biomarker. However, the mechanism remains unclear.

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveal Immune Mechanisms of the Onset and Progression of IgA Nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the leading cause of kidney failure due to an incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis. We perform single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on kidneys and CD14 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from IgAN and normal samples. In IgAN, upregulation of JCHAIN in mesangial cells provides insight into the trigger mechanism for the dimerization and deposition of IgA1 in situ.

Influences of renal anemia on the pathology of IgA nephropathy: a study based on propensity score matching.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the influences of renal anemia on the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy using propensity score matching (PSM).

Methods: Renal biopsies from 462 patients with IgA nephropathy were enrolled in this study. PSM was used to balance intergroup covariates, and matching results were verified using a dot-plot of standardized mean differences and histograms of the propensity score distribution and distance distribution.

The Involvement of Chronic Kidney Disease and Acute Kidney Injury in Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) with the clinical prognosis of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, medRxiv, Social Science Research Network, and Research Square databases (from December 1, 2019 to May 15, 2020) were searched to identify studies that reported the associations of CKD/AKI and disease severity/mortality. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and meta-regression was performed.

[Clinical characteristics and related factors of acute tubular necrosis in patients with minimal change disease].

To investigate the clinical characteristics and related factors of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in patients with minimal change disease (MCD). Patients from Chinese PLA General Hospital who were pathologically diagnosed with MCD and had clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2019 were included. The clinical and pathological data of patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Association between serum lactate levels and enteral feeding intolerance in septic patients treated with vasopressors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: To assess the association between serum lactate levels and intolerance to enteral nutrition (EN) in septic patients treated with vasopressors.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between January 1, 2015 and May 1, 2018 in an intensive care unit (ICU). Patients with sepsis who were given EN and treated with vasopressors were included.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell PLAFMCi002-A derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of polycystic kidney disease patient with PKD1 mutation.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disease, which characterized by formation and expansion of cysts within the kidney, leading to kidney failure. Thus, Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from a 32-year-old male patient carrying the PKD1 compound mutations p.M3091R and p.

Evaluation of Renal Microperfusion in Diabetic Patients With Kidney Injury by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound.

Objectives: To conduct a quantitative analysis of renal microvascular perfusion in diabetic patients with kidney injury using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

Methods: A total of 172 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and kidney injury were recruited from May 2017 to November 2019. After collection of clinical characteristics, a CEUS examination was performed after injection of the contrast agent SonoVue (Bracco SpA, Milan, Italy).

SARS-CoV-2-Related Kidney Injury: Current Concern and Challenges.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only causes pulmonary inflammation but also causes multiple organ damages, including the kidney. ACE2, as one of the receptors for SARS-CoV-2 intrusion, is widely distributed in kidney tissues. Currently, the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are still unclear.

Therapeutic effect of intravenous sodium thiosulfate for uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravenous sodium thiosulfate (IV STS) with that of loratadine in the treatment of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 44 HD patients with pruritus aged over 18 years between June 2018 and January 2020 at the Aerospace Center Hospital of China. Twenty-four HD patients received 3.

Caloric restriction alleviates aging-related fibrosis of kidney through downregulation of miR-21 in extracellular vesicles.

Glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis occur with the aging kidney. In this study, we examined the expression of miR-21, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPARα), hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF-1α) in the kidney of 3-month-old rats fed ad libitum (YAL), 24-month-old rats fed ad libitum (OAL) and 24-month-old rats subjected to a 70% calorie-restricted diet for 8 months (OCR). We found long-term caloric restriction (CR) ameliorated aging and aging-related fibrosis.

Serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 in Chinese children with IgA nephropathy, IgA vasculitis with nephritis, and IgA vasculitis.

Objective: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAV-N) are related diseases. Galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) plays an important role in the pathology of IgAV-N and IgAN, so we aim to compare the serum levels of Gd-IgA1 in Chinese pediatric patients with IgAN, IgAV-N, and IgAV.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 52 patients with IgAN, 57 patients with IgAV-N, 26 patients with IgAV, and 40 healthy children.

Risk factors for mortality in elderly haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Older haemodialysis patients accompany a high burden of functional impairment, limited life expectancy, and healthcare utilization. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate how various risk factors influenced the prognosis of haemodialysis patients in late life, which might contribute to decision making by patients and care providers.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central were searched systematically for studies evaluating the risk factors for mortality in elderly haemodialysis patients.

Erratum to renal progenitor cells modulated by angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) medication and differentiation towards podocytes in anti-thy1.1 nephritis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.

GLA missense and promoter variants co-segregating in a Chinese family with Fabry disease.

Background: Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked recessive inheritance lysosomal storage disorder due to mutations in the GLA gene leading to deficiency of lysosomal α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) and has a wide range of clinical presentations. Over 900 GLA gene mutations are currently known and of those most are thought not to be clinically significant, some with doubtful clinical significance, posing diagnostic and prognostic difficulties for the clinician.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to detect the mutation in family members with Fabry disease.

Supramolecular Nanofibers Containing Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate (RGD) Peptides Boost Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles in Kidney Repair.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have been recognized as a promising cell-free therapy for acute kidney injury (AKI), which avoids safety concerns associated with direct cell engraftment. However, low stability and retention of MSC-EVs have limited their therapeutic efficacy. RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptide binds strongly to integrins, which have been identified on the surface of MSC-EV membranes; yet RGD has not been applied to EV scaffolds to enhance and prolong bioavailability.

Factors Associated with Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in an Apparently Healthy Chinese Population.

Purpose: To investigate the factors influencing brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in an apparently healthy Chinese population, especially the associations between baPWV and indices of blood pressure (BP).

Methods: A total of 1123 participants with no history of hypertension were enrolled in this study, and the baPWV and BP of all four limbs were measured along with other covariates. Correlation analyses and multivariate linear regression models were used to identify factors associated with baPWV.

Multifunctional Natural Polymer Nanoparticles as Antifibrotic Gene Carriers for CKD Therapy.

Background: Progressive fibrosis is the underlying pathophysiological process of CKD, and targeted prevention or reversal of the profibrotic cell phenotype is an important goal in developing therapeutics for CKD. Nanoparticles offer new ways to deliver antifibrotic therapies to damaged tissues and resident cells to limit manifestation of the profibrotic phenotype.

Methods: We focused on delivering plasmid DNA expressing bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) or hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-NK1 (HGF/NK1) by encapsulation within chitosan nanoparticles coated with hyaluronan, to safely administer multifunctional nanoparticles containing the plasmid DNA to the kidneys for localized and sustained expression of antifibrotic factors.

Associations of coenzyme Q10 with endothelial function in hemodialysis patients.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, little is known about the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels in HD patients.

Methods: Eligible HD patients were enrolled in this study according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria.

The top 100 most cited articles on rhabdomyolysis: A bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: Over the past few decades, the incidence of Rhabdomyolysis (RM) has significantly increased. The prognosis is substantially worse if renal failure develops. Many problems remain to be addressed regarding the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of RM.