Comparing outcomes for single-segment vertebral column decancellation performed at different vertebras in ankylosing spondylitis-an observational study.

Background: The surgical procedure of vertebral column decancellation (VCD) has been increasingly performed in orthopaedic surgery for those with spinal deformity. To investigate the results of single-segment VCD performed at different vertebra for correcting thoracolumbar kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to guide the osteotomy strategy.

Methods: Eighty-six AS patients (77 males, 9 females) having thoracolumbar kyphosis underwent single-segment VCD (ranging from T12 to L3) between January 2016 and September 2019 were enrolled and divided into four groups according to the osteotomy vertebra: T12 in 9 cases (Group A), L1 in 15 cases (Group B), L2 in 47 cases (Group C), and L3 in 15 cases (Group D).

The C-terminal selenenylsulfide of extracellular/non-reduced thioredoxin reductase endows this protein with selectivity to small-molecule electrophilic reagents under oxidative conditions.

Mammalian cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1) serves as an antioxidant protein by transferring electrons from NADPH to various substrates. The action of TrxR1 is achieved via reversible changes between NADPH-reduced and non-reduced forms, which involves C-terminal selenolthiol/selenenylsulfide exchanges. TrxR1 may be released into extracellular environment, where TrxR1 is present mainly in the non-reduced form with active-site disulfide and selenenylsulfide bonds.

Biomechanical evaluation of novel intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation for proximal humerus fractures in the elderly.

A novel intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation method was introduced, which achieved good clinical results in complex proximal humeral fractures; however, evidence of its comparability with traditional fixation is lacking. This biomechanical study aimed to compare it with traditional fixation devices in osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures. Three-part proximal humeral fractures with osteopenia were created on 12 pairs of fresh frozen humerus specimens and allocated to three groups: 1) lateral locking plate, 2) intramedullary nail, and 3) intra- and extramedullary assembly fixation.

Primary papillary epithelial tumor of the sella and posterior pituitary tumor show similar (epi)genetic features and constitute a single neuro-oncological entity.

Background: "Primary papillary epithelial tumor of the sella (PPETS)" is a recently described rare tumor entity of the central nervous system (CNS) with stereotypic location in the sella. Comprehensive molecular investigations and epigenetic profiles of PPETS have not been performed to date.

Methods: We report a comprehensive clinical, histopathologic, and molecular assessment of 5 PPETS cases in comparison with a cohort composed of 7 choroid plexus papilloma (CPP), 7 central neurocytoma (CN), 15 posterior pituitary tumor (PPT) including 4 pituicytoma, 6 granular cell tumors of the sellar region (GCT), and 5 spindle cell oncocytoma.

How to improve the biomechanical stability of endosteal augmentation for proximal humerus fracture with osteopenia? A cadaveric study.

Background: Endosteal augmentation enhances the stability of osteoporotic proximal humeral fracture fixation, but the optimal configuration is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of different lengths of fibula with or without calcar screw in osteoporotic proximal humeral fracture.

Methods: Three-part proximal humeral fractures with osteopenia were created on 20 pairs of fresh-frozen humeri specimens and allocated to four groups: (1) locking plate with a 6-cm fibular strut allograft, (2) locking plate with a 6-cm fibular strut allograft and additional calcar screws, (3) locking plate with a 12-cm fibular strut allograft，and (4) locking plate with a 12-cm fibular strut allograft and additional calcar screws.

ARNI or ARB Treats Residual Left Ventricular Remodelling after Surgery for Valvular Regurgitation: ReReRe study protocol.

Aims: Patients with persistent or de novo left ventricular (LV) dilation and/or reduced ejection fraction (EF) after correction for primary aortic (AR) or mitral (MR) regurgitation (i.e. residual LV remodelling) have not been well studied with regard to guideline-directed medical therapy after successful aetiology-reversing surgery.

Correlation Between Different Sagittal Parameters in Patients With Degenerative Kyphosis.

Objective: To explore the relationship between different sagittal parameters and identify the fitting formula of spino-pelvic parameters in patients with degenerative kyphosis (DK).

Summary Of Background: Sagittal balance is increasingly recognized as a predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with DK, while the relationship between different sagittal parameters in patients with DK remains unidentified.

Methods: A retrospective study with 279 participants was conducted.

Association of Use of Tourniquets During Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Elderly Patients With Post-operative Pain and Return to Function.

Objective: During total knee arthroplasty (TKA), tourniquet may negatively impact post-operative functional recovery. This study aimed at investigating the effects of tourniquet on pain and return to function.

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to February 15th, 2020.

Lumbopelvic fixation with S2 alar-iliac screws for U-shaped sacral fractures.

Objective: To investigate the surgical methods and clinical effects of lumbopelvic fixation (LPF) with S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screws for U-shaped sacral fractures.

Methods: From December 2019 to August 2020, 14 patients with U-shaped sacral fractures were treated with LPF using S2AI screws. Demographics, fracture classification, mechanism of injury, surgical treatment, complications and clinical results were assessed.

Displaced posterior pelvic ring fractures treated with an unlocking closed reduction technique: Prognostic factors associated with closed reduction failure, reduction quality, and fixation failure.

Purposes: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of the unlocking closed reduction technique (UCRT) for the displaced posterior pelvic ring fractures and to analyze the factors associated with failure of closed reduction and fixation.

Patients And Methods: Data from patients admitted with displaced posterior pelvic ring fractures initially treated with the URCT from July 2017 to January 2020 were extracted. Clinical and radiological factors including fracture classification, interval days from injury to surgery, number of screws, and type of fixation for the posterior pelvic ring were analyzed to evaluate their correlation with closed reduction failure, reduction quality, and fixation failure.

The effects of vertebral rotation on the position of the aorta relative to the spine in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the effects of vertebral rotation on the position of the aorta relative to the thracolumbar and lumbar spine, and to identify risk factors for vertebral rotation in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS).

Methods: A total of 71 patients with ADS were divided into left scoliosis (LS) group ( = 40 cases) and right scoliosis (RS) group ( = 31cases) with well-matched demographics. Apical vertebrae, Cobb angle (°), coronal horizontal movement, thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK) and Nash-Moe rotation classification were measured on X-ray.

When Total Joint Arthroplasty After Septic Arthritis Can Be Safely Performed.

Background: Patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) following septic arthritis are at higher risk for developing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Minimal literature is available to guide surgeons on the optimal timing of TJA after completing treatment for prior native joint septic arthritis. This multicenter study aimed to determine the optimal timing of TJA after prior septic arthritis and to examine the role of preoperative serology in predicting patients at risk for developing PJI.

Achieve Closed Reduction of Irreducible, Unilateral Vertically Displaced Pelvic Ring Disruption with an Unlocking Closed Reduction Technique.

Objective: To be able to treat irreducible unilateral vertically displaced pelvic ring disruption (UVDPRD) using closed reduction, we introduced a technique named Unlocking Closed Reduction Technique (UCRT) and evaluated its effectiveness with improved pelvic closed reduction system (PCRS).

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in our department. Between January 2014 and December 2017, 43 patients whose UVDPRD were not successfully reduced using transcondylar traction.

Leukocyte esterase test and alpha-defensin test have similar accuracy for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection.

Background: The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total joint replacement remains challenging. Synovial biomarkers are recommended as the major diagnostic criteria for PJI. The purpose of this study was to test the accuracy of the alpha-defensin test and compare it with that of the leukocyte esterase (LE) test for the diagnosis of PJI.

PRKCA D463H Mutation in Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle: A Cohort of 16 Cases, Including Two Cases Harboring BRAFV600E Mutation.

Chordoid gliomas (CG) of the third ventricle are characterized by chordoid and glial features, but the extent of histological variations across CG is not fully understood. Herein, we report 16 consecutive cases of CG. All 16 patients had histories of headache and vision loss; their median age was 41.

Risk Factors for Failure and Optimal Treatment of Total Joint Arthroplasty for Septic Arthritis.

Background: Patients with native joint septic arthritis are one of the highest risk groups for developing complications following total joint arthroplasty (TJA), especially periprosthetic joint infection(PJI). There is a paucity of information on the risk factors for developing PJI and the optimal treatment modality of the native septic joint that can mitigate that risk. This multicenter study aimed to determine these risk factors, including prior treatment.

Effects of Different Orientations of Cage Implantation on Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Background: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) via a fusion cage is widely carried out to treat degenerative lumbar spinal disease, and cage implantation plays a pivotal role in buttressing the vertebrae and promoting fusion. Clinically, the cage implantation is commonly placed in 2 different orientations: oblique and traverse. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of different orientations of cage implantation on lumbar interbody fusion.

Ciliary IFT80 is essential for intervertebral disc development and maintenance.

The intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD)-related diseases occur in more than 90% of the population older than 50 years. Owing to the lack of understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in IVDD formation effective treatment options are still unavailable. Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that play important roles in the organ development.

The position of the aorta relative to the spine in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis.

Study Design: A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the position of the aorta by MRI in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relative anatomic positions of the aorta and spine in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS). Aorta injury is a rare complication of spinal surgeries.

Treatment of femoral neck nonunion with a new fixation construct through the Watson-Jones approach.

Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the clinical effect of a dynamic condylar screw (DCS) system, medial anatomical buttress plate (MABP), and autogenous iliac bone graft through the Watson-Jones approach in the treatment of femoral neck nonunion.

Methods: This prospective study included 15 patients (12 men and 3 women) with nonunion of femoral neck fracture, who were treated with the DCS and MABP with autogenous iliac bone graft through the Watson-Jones approach. The patients were followed up for an average of 16 months (range, 12-24 months).

Finite element analysis of an intramedulary anatomical strut for proximal humeral fractures with disrupted medial column instability: A cohort study.

Background: Lateral locking plate (LLP) fixation has gained popularity for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures (PHFs); however, complications can occur due to loss of the medial cortical buttress from fracture comminution.

Materials And Methods: We designed a novel intramedullary anatomical medial strut with allograft bone (IAMSAB) using MIMICS software to specifically fill the intramedullary canal of the proximal humeral bone. We used finite element analysis to evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of a LLP, LLP-intramedullary fixation system (IFS), LLP-anatomical medial locking plate (AMLP), or the combined application of a LLP and IAMSAB (LLP-IAMSAB) fixation construct in patients with a PHF and an unstable medial column.

Accurate detection of atrial fibrillation from 12-lead ECG using deep neural network.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart arrhythmia, and 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is regarded as the gold standard for AF diagnosis. Highly accurate diagnosis of AF based on 12-lead ECG is valuable and remains challenging. In this paper, we proposed a novel method with high accuracy for AF detection based on deep learning.

Wide Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Babesia microti in Small Mammals from Yunnan Province, Southwestern China.

Background: Babesia, usually found in wild and domestic mammals worldwide, have recently been responsible for emerging malaria-like zoonosis in infected patients. Human B. microti infection has been identified in China, primarily in the Southwest along the Myanmar border but little direct surveillance of B.