Clinical outcomes and risk factors for mortality from ventilator-associated events: A registry-based cohort study among 30,830 intensive care unit patients.

Objective: To investigate the clinical impact of ventilator-associated events (VAEs) on adverse prognoses and risk factors for mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) based on an ICU healthcare-associated infection (ICU-HAI) registry.

Design: A cohort study was conducted based on an ICU-HAI registry including 30,830 patients between 2015 and 2018.

Setting: The study was conducted using data from 5 adult ICUs of a referral hospital.

The use of systematic review evidence to support the development of guidelines for positron emission tomography: a cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: To examine to what degree guidelines for PET and PET/CT used systematic review evidence.

Methods: The latest version of guidelines for PET, PET/CT or PET/MRI published in English in PubMed until December 2019 was analysed in two categories: (1) for indications, if mainly discussing the appropriate use of PET in diverse conditions; (2) for procedures, if providing step-by-step instructions for imaging. We surveyed the general characteristics and the use of systematic review evidence for developing recommendations across all guidelines, and surveyed the citation of evidence for five recommendation topics in guidelines for procedures.

Methodological quality evaluation of systematic reviews or meta-analysis of trastuzumab-based therapy for breast cancer: A systematic review.

Background: To evaluate the methodological quality of systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analysis of trastuzumab-based therapy for breast cancer.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, Cochrane library, international prospective register of systematic reviews, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, Wan Fang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and VIP database for SRs or meta-analysis. The methodological quality of included literatures was appraised by risk of bias in systematic review (ROBIS) tool.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes at varying cardiovascular and renal risk.

Design: Network meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL up to 11 August 2020.

The reporting checklist for public versions of guidelines: RIGHT-PVG.

Background: Public or patient versions of guidelines (PVGs) are derivative documents that "translate" recommendations and their rationale from clinical guidelines for health professionals into a more easily understandable and usable format for patients and the public. PVGs from different groups and organizations vary considerably in terms of quality of their reporting. In order to address this issue, we aimed to develop a reporting checklist for developers of PVGs and other potential users.

Choosing PD-1 Inhibitors in Oncology Setting, Left or Right?-Lessons From Value Assessment With ASCO-VF and ESMO-MCBS.

Influx of innovative therapies and dramatic rise in prices have been prompting value-driven decision-making. Both the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) have independently proposed value assessment frameworks. To comprehensively examine the value of nivolumab and pembrolizumab by two value assessment frameworks with a cohort of published randomized controlled trials and offer insight into the association between these two frameworks.

The value of the post-captopril aldosterone/renin ratio for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism and the influential factors: A meta-analysis.

Objective: The procedure for the captopril challenge test (CCT) in diagnosing primary aldosteronism (PA) is not standardized. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the controversial diagnostic value and influential factors of the post-captopril aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR).

Methods: We searched literature in databases for eligible studies (until October 1, 2020).

Agreement of Risk-of -Bias varied in systematic reviews on acupuncture and was associated with methodological quality.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the consistency of risk of bias assessments for overlapping randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in systematic reviews (SRs) on acupuncture.

Study Design And Setting: Databases were searched for acupuncture SRs. A weighted kappa (κ) statistic was calculated, and logistic regression was used to explore the factors of disagreements.

Development of the First Value Assessment Index System for Off-Label Use of Antineoplastic Agents in China: A Delphi Study.

Objective: To develop the first value assessment index system for off-label use of antineoplastic agents in China.

Methods: A modified two-round Delphi method was employed to establish consensus within a field to reach agreement a questionnaire or doing interview among a multidisciplinary panel of experts by collecting their feedback to inform the next round, exchanging their individual knowledge, experience, and opinions anonymously, and resolving uncertainties.

Results: Expert's positive coefficient was 94.

TGF-β1 maintains Foxp3 expression and inhibits glycolysis in natural regulatory T cells via PP2A-mediated suppression of mTOR signaling.

Natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) play a dominant role in maintaining immunological homeostasis and they are known to undergo metabolic reprogramming during immune responses. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, can promote the induction of regulatory T cells. Here, we investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on the stability and metabolism of nTregs stimulated in vitro.

Quality of reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of surgical randomized clinical trials.

Background: Well designed and conducted systematic reviews are essential to clinical practice. Surgical intervention is more complex than medical intervention when considering special items related to procedures. There has been no cross-sectional study of the reporting quality of systematic reviews of surgical randomized trials focused on special items relating to surgical interventions.

Self-cut titanium-coated polypropylene mesh versus pre-cut mesh-kit for transvaginal treatment of severe pelvic organ prolapse: study protocol for a multicenter non-inferiority trial.

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common health problem and has significant negative effects on a woman's quality of life. The transvaginal mesh procedure is a durable reconstructive surgery, but the mesh kits are expensive for underdeveloped countries. Our previous case-series study showed that the use of self-cut mesh had a good success rate (91.

Cervical pessary for preventing preterm birth in singletons and twin pregnancies: an update systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of cervical pessary in preventing preterm birth (PTB) and improving perinatal outcomes among singleton and twin pregnancies.

Methods: Electronic databases were systematically searched from their inception until 14 March 2019. Randomized clinical trials comparing the effectiveness of cervical pessary placement with expectant management were included.

Intravenous immunoglobulins for epilepsy.

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological condition, with an estimated incidence of 50 per 100,000 persons. People with epilepsy may present with various types of immunological abnormalities, such as low serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels, lack of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass and identification of certain types of antibodies. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment may represent a valuable approach and its efficacy has important implications for epilepsy management.

The effects of clinical decision support systems on insulin use: A systematic review.

Background: A clinical decision support system (CDSS) is a computerized system using case-based reasoning to assist clinicians in assessing disease status, in selecting appropriate therapy or in making other clinical decisions. Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs or trials) have shown that CDSSs have the potential to improve the insulin use, but the evidence was conflicting and uncertain. The purpose of our study was to determine whether a CDSS improves the use of insulin.

Blood Glucose Levels and Mortality in Patients With Sepsis: Dose-Response Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background: We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between blood glucose levels and mortality in patients with sepsis.

Methods: Medline and EMBASE were searched from inception to April 8, 2018. Cohort studies or case-control studies reported the association between blood glucose and mortality in patients with sepsis were selected.

Reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of acupuncture: the PRISMA for acupuncture checklist.

Background: Acupuncture is widely used worldwide, and systematic reviews on acupuncture are increasingly being published. Although acupuncture systematic reviews share several essential elements with other systematic reviews, some essential information for the application of acupuncture is not covered by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Considering this, we aimed to develop an extension of the PRISMA statement for acupuncture systematic reviews.

Acupuncture as Adjunctive Therapy for Chronic Stable Angina: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The effects of acupuncture as adjunctive treatment to antianginal therapies for patients with chronic stable angina are uncertain.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as adjunctive therapy to antianginal therapies in reducing frequency of angina attacks in patients with chronic stable angina.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this 20-week randomized clinical trial conducted in outpatient and inpatient settings at 5 clinical centers in China from October 10, 2012, to September 19, 2015, 404 participants were randomly assigned to receive acupuncture on the acupoints on the disease-affected meridian (DAM), receive acupuncture on the acupoints on the nonaffected meridian (NAM), receive sham acupuncture (SA), and receive no acupuncture (wait list [WL] group).

Duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent: systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of standard term (12 months) or long term (>12 months) dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) versus short term (<6 months) DAPT after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES).

Design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Relevant studies published between June 1983 and April 2018 from Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library for clinical trials, PubMed, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.

Crocin attenuation of neurological deficits in a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, up to now, there are no effective prevention methods or specific therapies to improve its clinical outcomes. Herein, we explore preliminarily the efficacy of crocin, a carotenoid extracted from the stigma of saffron known for its anti-oxidation and free radical scavenging activities, in a mouse ICH model induced with collagenase infusion.

The risk of maternal parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy on fetal loss and fetal hydrops: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Human parvovirus B19 (B19) is widespread infection in humans, yet the impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes is controversial.

Objective: to evaluate the impact of B19 infection during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcome, and investigated the incidence of fetal loss and fetal hydrops after maternal B19 infection during pregnancy.

Study Design: A systematic literature search was performed using Embase, Medline, PubMed, Web of science, and the Cochrane Library database for relevant publications up to 10 August 2018.

The clinical impacts and risk factors for non-central line-associated bloodstream infection in 5046 intensive care unit patients: an observational study based on electronic medical records.

Background: Most of the previous studies focused on central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), while non-central line-associated bloodstream infection (N-CLABSI) was poorly studied. This study was performed to investigate the clinical impacts and risk factors for N-CLABSI in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: An observational study was conducted in an adult general ICU.