Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Jingmen tick virus in ticks and sheep from Henan Province, China.

Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) is a novel segmented Flavivirus that was first identified from Rhipicephalus microplus in the Jingmen region of Hubei Province, China, in 2010. Subsequently, it was detected in a variety of countries and regions around the world. Meanwhile, JMTV has been proved to be pathogenic to humans and animals and could cause viremia in animals.

Acceptance of advance care planning and influencing factors from the perspective of the life cycle: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Advance care planning is an important part of palliative care. Public acceptance is a prerequisite for the widespread development and implementation of advance care planning. However, little is known about the level of public's acceptance and influencing factors of advance care planning across different life cycles.

Study on identification of diagnostic biomarkers in serum for papillary thyroid cancer in different iodine nutrition regions.

Background: At present, there is a lack of efficient biomarkers for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, and the influence of natural factors such as high iodine exposure on the expression of biomarkers remains unclear.

Methods: Serum samples from papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and non-cancer controls matched 1:1 in different iodine nutritional regions were analyzed metabolomically using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap Exploris mass spectrometry (UHPLC-OE-MS) platform. Then the data were randomly divided into training and test sets in a 1:1 ratio according to the different iodine nutritional regions and different PTC status.

Microbial degradation mechanisms, degradation pathways, and genetic engineering for pyrethroids: current knowledge and future perspectives.

Pyrethroids are synthetic products derived from natural pyrethroids present in flowers and are extensively used as pesticides for agriculture, animal husbandry, and household pest control. However, excessive and prolonged usage of pyrethroid insecticides can result in adverse effects on both non-target and target species. Therefore, effective technologies need to be developed to remove pyrethroid contamination and ensure environmental safety.

Conformational changes in and translocation of small proteins: insights into the ejection mechanism of podophages.

Unlabelled: Podophage tails are too short to span the cell envelope during infection. Consequently, podophages initially eject the core proteins within the head for the formation of an elongated trans-envelope channel for DNA ejection. Although the core proteins of bacteriophage T7 have been resolved at near-atomic resolution, the mechanisms of core proteins and DNA ejection remain to be fully elucidated.

HCV RNA positivity among hepatitis C patients in Chongqing, China from 2004 to 2021: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A substantial number of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections have been diagnosed and reported, yet not all reported patients have received treatment, leading to uncertainties in the progression of the virus within these cases. This study aimed to assess the rate of HCV RNA positivity in the reported cases in Chongqing, China and identify key groups.

Methods: An investigation was conducted on 6,333 hepatitis C cases who were reported in the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention in 17 districts of Chongqing, China from 2004 to 2021.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Falls from the National Injury Surveillance System - China, 2019-2022.

Introduction: This study describes and analyzes the distribution of fall cases documented in the National Injury Surveillance System (NISS) from 2019 to 2022.

Methods: Fall data from the NISS (2019-2022) were descriptively analyzed by gender and age.

Results: The NISS in China reported 2,324,577 fall cases from 2019 to 2022.

Burden of Vaginitis Among Chinese Women Aged 18-74 Years - Five Provinces, China, 2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Vaginitis is a prevalent and treatable gynecological condition in women that is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and elevated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission risk.

What Is Added By This Report?: This study identifies elevated infection risks among women aged 35-54 years, those with three or more pregnancies, and individuals who smoke or consume alcohol, with notably higher prevalence rates in Hubei and Yunnan Provinces. The findings demonstrate that awareness of cervical cancer screening serves as a protective factor, while emphasizing screening's crucial role in early vaginitis detection.

Construction of a Competency Evaluation Indicator System for Emergency Response Staff in Disease Control and Prevention Institutions - China, 2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Currently, there is no established scientific standard to guide disease control and prevention organizations in the selection of emergency response personnel. Given the growing risk of significant infectious disease outbreaks, it is imperative to develop an evaluation system for assessing emergency response capabilities.

What Is Added By This Report?: Drawing from competency theory, this study developed an assessment framework for evaluating the emergency response capabilities of staff at disease control and prevention institutions focused on major infectious diseases.

Novel Genetic Loci Associated with PhenoAge Acceleration - Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, 2012-2019.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: China is rapidly encountering population aging, yet studies on aging are limited by the traditional aging measure: chronological age, particularly in the field of genomics. Several promising aging measures have been proposed, but they lack comparative evaluation.

What Is Added By This Report?: PhenoAge was identified as a measure of aging that demonstrated greater applicability in contemporary populations.

National and Regional Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 - China, 2004-2023.

Introduction: The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtypes significantly influences the effectiveness of diagnostic tools, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and vaccine development. This study aimed to assess the regional and national prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants in China between 2004 and 2023 using pol gene segment analysis.

Methods: We analyzed annual HIV/AIDS reports and pol gene segment sequences from all Chinese provinces between 2004 and 2023.

An Index-Contact Paired Data Analysis on Sexual Contact Tracing Outcomes of HIV-Infected Individuals - Yunnan Province, China, 2022-2024.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: A substantial proportion of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) remain unaware of their infection status. Contact tracing serves as an effective public health tool for identifying human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and supports progress toward achieving the 95-95-95-95 goals.

What Is Added By This Report?: An egocentric contact tracing study conducted in Yunnan, China, between January 2022 and June 2024 enrolled 1,981 index cases, of whom 314 (15.

Study on the Technical Parameters for Estimating HIV-1 Incidence by Using a Recombinant Antigen-based Capture Enzyme Immunoassay - China.

Introduction: A novel recombinant antigen-based capture enzyme immunoassay (RAg-CEIA) was optimized and used to determine technical parameters for estimating human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) incidence in China.

Methods: We employed orthogonal experimental design to optimize RAg-CEIA by adjusting raw material dilution ratios. The assay was used to measure normalized optical density (ODn) values in 171 longitudinal plasma specimens from 51 HIV-1 seroconverting individuals, plotted against estimated days post-seroconversion.

Survival of People Living with HIV/AIDS from Pre-ART Era to Treat-all Era - China, 1985-2022.

Introduction: A comprehensive analysis of nationwide survival trends for people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS, PLWHA) from the initial reported case to present has not been conducted. This study evaluated the survival outcomes of PLWHA reported in China from 1985 to 2022.

Methods: We analyzed data from PLWHA recorded in the National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System from 1985 to 2022.

Evolution of HIV Epidemic and Emerging Challenges - China, 1989-2023.

Introduction: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemiological landscape in China through a historical review and current assessment.

Methods: Data were extracted from China's HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System (CRIMS). Transmission patterns across different phases were visualized using stacked area charts.

Hidden Spread of Rare Serovars Isolated from Healthy Individuals - Yulin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, 2013-2022.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The emergence of rare multidrug-resistant serovars is increasingly common in developing countries, posing a significant public health risk.

What Is Added By This Report?: This report identified five rare serovars in China for the first time and using whole-genome sequencing, identified their hidden spread among healthy individuals. Additionally, antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes were identified.

The First Case of Serogroup Y and An Expanded Investigation of Healthy Carriers - Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China, 2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: (Nm) is a bacterial pathogen that causes meningococcal disease. Serogroups A, B, C, W, X, and Y account for the vast majority of cases. However, invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by NmY is rare in China and has been reported only in Tianjin, Guangdong, Shanghai, and Hunan provinces and cities.

Development and implementation of a novel method for detecting hepatitis C virus resistance-associated substitutions to NS3, NS5A, and NS5B inhibitors in Linzhou, China.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) have a significant impact on the treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). However, limited research has been conducted, and no standardized methods for detecting RASs in mainland China.

Objectives: To develop and apply a novel method for detecting HCV RASs in HCV RNA-positive patients in Linzhou, China.

Rising global burden of anxiety disorders among adolescents and young adults: trends, risk factors, and the impact of socioeconomic disparities and COVID-19 from 1990 to 2021.

Background: Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions globally, particularly affecting adolescents and young adults (10-24 years), and causing substantial psychological and social impairments. This study analyzed changes in the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of anxiety disorders in this age group from 1990 to 2021, emphasizing the impact of socioeconomic disparities and the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly post-2019.

Methods: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease(GBD) 2021 data from 204 countries, this study evaluated global trends in anxiety disorders among adolescents and young adults.

Economic evaluation of childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination programs in Qinghai and Hainan provinces, China.

Background: The burden of pneumococcal disease varies regionally in China, disproportionately affecting children in many provinces such as Qinghai and Hainan. Nevertheless, the absence of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in the National Immunization Program (NIP) or local programs presents limited coverage. This study evaluated the health and economic impact of including PCV in immunization programs in Qinghai and Hainan.

Impact of extreme temperature on congenital heart disease mortality: a population-based nationwide case-crossover study.

Background: The association between congenital heart disease (CHD) and non-optimal temperatures has received limited investigation. We aimed to investigate the impact of extreme temperatures on CHD mortality.

Methods: We reviewed the National Mortality Surveillance System of China and retrieved death records attributable to CHD from 2013 to 2021.

Inappropriate Diet Exacerbates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease via Abdominal Obesity.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a refined categorization of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), highlighting the intricate relationship between hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction. Abdominal obesity (AO), a key diagnostic criterion for metabolic dysfunction, predominantly results from inappropriate diet and unhealthy dietary habits. To comprehensively investigate which dietary factors contribute to MASLD through AO and to understand the underlying biological mechanisms, we initially conducted a systematic review of meta-analysis articles in the PubMed database from the past decade, summarizing dietary factors that affect AO.

Mediation Effect of Oxidative Stress on Association Between Selenium Intake and Cognition in American Adults.

Objectives: Dementia affects millions of aged people globally and mainly results from oxidative stress. Selenium shows beneficial effects on dementia however it remains elusive for the mediation effect of oxidative stress on the association between selenium and cognition. The present study firstly investigated the potential mediation role of oxidative stress on the relationship of selenium and cognition.