Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus ORF093R and ORF102R Regulate Glutamate Metabolic Reprogramming to Support Virus Proliferation by Interacting with c-Myc.

Glutamine metabolism is essential for infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) replication. Glutaminase 1 (GLS1), the key enzyme of the glutamine metabolism, and c-Myc positively regulate ISKNV infection, while c-Myc is closely correlated with GLS1. However, the regulatory mechanism among ISKNV, c-Myc and glutamine metabolism remains unclear.

Vanadium-Dependent Haloperoxidase Gene Evolution in Brown Algae: Evidence for Horizontal Gene Transfer.

Compared with green plants, brown algae are characterized by their ability to accumulate iodine, contributing to their ecological adaptability in high-iodide coastal environments. Vanadium-dependent haloperoxidase (V-HPO) is the key enzyme for iodine synthesis. Despite its significance, the evolutionary origin of V-HPO genes remains underexplored.

Mechanism of Functional Compound Fruit Drinks in Regulating Serum Metabolism in Constipated Mice.

A compound fruit drink (CFD) is a functional beverage containing fruits, Chinese herbal medicine, and prebiotic fructose. Previous studies have shown the effect of a CFD on alleviating constipation and its impact on gut microbiota. However, a comprehensive analysis has not been reported in regard to the serum metabolism of CFDs.

Predaceous and Phytophagous Pentatomidae Insects Exhibit Contrasting Susceptibilities to Imidacloprid.

Imidacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, targets insect pests but also affects natural enemies. However, the effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on closely related insects remain unclear. We evaluated the harmful effects of imidacloprid on the phytophagous and predaceous .

Establishment of a Yeast Two-Hybrid-Based High-Throughput Screening Model for Selection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-ACE2 Interaction Inhibitors.

The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has exerted considerable impact on global health. To prepare for rapidly mutating viruses and for the forthcoming pandemic, effective therapies targeting the critical stages of the viral life cycle need to be developed. Viruses are dependent on the interaction between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral Spike (S) protein (S-RBD) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to efficiently establish infection and the following replicate.

Integrated Genetic Diversity and Multi-Omics Analysis of Colour Formation in Safflower.

Safflower ( L.) is a medicinal and edible cash crop that is widely cultivated worldwide. However, the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm resources and the reasons for the variations in safflower flower colour remain unclear.

Localization and Molecular Cloning of the Gene for Melatonin Synthesis in Pigs.

Melatonin is synthesized in multiple tissues and organs of pigs, and existing studies have shown the presence of the melatonin-synthesizing enzyme ASMT protein. However, the genomic information for the gene has been lacking. The aim of this study was to locate the genomic information of the gene in pigs using comparative genomics analysis and then obtain the coding region information through molecular cloning.

Transcriptomics and Plant Hormone Analysis Reveal the Mechanism of Branching Angle Formation in Tea Plants ().

The branching angle of tea plants is a key factor in determining their branching structure, which significantly affects yield, suitability for mechanical harvesting, and overall plant architecture. However, the mechanisms underlying branching angle formation in tea plants remain unclear. In this study, we explored the mechanism of branching angle formation in tea plants by analysing the transcriptome and plant hormone levels of tea plant cultivars with different branching angles.

Therapeutic Potential of Bioactive Peptides Derived from Natural Products of Tortoiseshell and Antler in Alleviating Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis.

Tortoiseshell and antler, the main components of , are natural products that can be used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to alleviate osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. However, research on the active ingredients in tortoiseshell and antler for alleviating osteoporosis and osteoarthritis remains insufficient. This study primarily compares the antioxidant capacity of tortoiseshell gelatin and antler gelatin and their bioactive peptides, as well as their effects on the cell viability of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and HIG-82 chondrocytes.

Identification of Novel 58-5p and Interaction and Effects on Apoptosis of Ovine Ovarian Granulosa Cell.

High concentrations of prolactin (PRL)-induced ovine ovarian granulosa cell (GCs) apoptosis and could aggravate the induced effect. However, the molecular mechanisms that -induced GC apoptosis and repressed steroid hormone secretion remain unclear. In this study, GCs in the P group (GCs with high PRL concentration: 500 ng/mL PRL) and P-10 group (GCs with 500 ng/mL PRL infected by lentiviruses carrying overexpressed sequences of ) were collected for whole-transcriptome analysis.

Insights into the Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Plant Extracts of Different Genera in the Asteraceae Family for Q235 Steel in HSO Medium.

Nowadays, the development of plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors to protect metals from corrosion is a popular research direction. However, given the vast diversity of plant species in nature, it is imperative to explore effective methods to improve screening efficiency in order to quickly identify the corrosion inhibition potential of plants. In this work, a new strategy for developing plant-extracted eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors based on the family and genus of plants is proposed.

Genome-Wide Identification of GmPIF Family and Regulatory Pathway Analysis of GmPIF3g in Different Temperature Environments.

Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development. However, studies on soybean PIFs are limited. Here, we identified 22 GmPIF genes from the soybean genome and classified the GmPIF proteins into 13 subfamilies based on amino acid sequence homology, secondary and tertiary structures, protein structure, and conserved motifs.

Pharmacodynamic Mechanisms of Cicadae Periostracum in Parkinson's Disease: A Metabolomics-Based Study.

Cicadae Periostracum (CP) is a traditional Chinese animal-derived medicine with the potential to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aims to explore the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of CP against PD-based on metabolomics technology and provide a theoretical basis for developing new anti-PD medicine. First, MPP-induced SH-SY5Y cells were used to evaluate the anti-PD activity of CP.

The Scent of Lily Flowers: Advances in the Identification, Biosynthesis, and Regulation of Fragrance Components.

Lilies ( spp.) are renowned for their diverse and captivating floral scents, which are highly valued both commercially and ornamentally. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the identification, biosynthesis, and regulation of fragrance components in lily flowers.

Prevalent and Drug-Resistant Phenotypes and Genotypes of Isolated from Healthy Cow's Milk of Large-Scale Dairy Farms in China.

is a common cause of mastitis in dairy cows, which results in large economic losses to the livestock industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of in raw milk in China, assess antimicrobial drug susceptibility, and identify key antibiotic resistance genes carried by the isolates. In total, 350 raw milk samples were collected from large-scale farms in 16 provinces and cities in six regions of China to assess the resistance of .

Dietary Taurine Regulation of the Intestinal Microbiome in Chinese Stripe-Necked Turtle ().

Taurine is essential for sustaining the body's physiological equilibrium and is extensively utilized as a dietary supplement and immune system enhancer for aquatic creatures. The gut microbiota serves as a vital health indicator in animals. In this study, our goal was to evaluate the effects of dietary taurine on the gut microbiome of Chinese stripe-necked turtles ().

The Beneficial Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Other than Their Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Obesity Properties.

As an incretin hormone, Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has obvious effects on blood glucose regulation and weight loss. GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are synthetic products that have similar effects to GLP-1 but are less prone to degradation, and they are widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. In recent years, different beneficial effects of GLP-1R agonists were discovered, such as reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury, improving the function of various organs, alleviating substance use disorder, affecting tumorigenesis, regulating bone metabolism, changing gut microbiota composition, and prolonging graft survival.

Efflux Pumps and Porins Enhance Bacterial Tolerance to Phenolic Compounds by Inhibiting Hydroxyl Radical Generation.

Phenolic compounds are industrially versatile chemicals that have been successfully produced in microbial cell factories. Unfortunately, most phenolic compounds are highly toxic to cells in specific cellular environments or above a particular concentration because they form a complex with iron and promote hydroxyl radical production in Fenton reactions, resulting in the ferroptosis of cells. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of efflux pumps and porins, including porins LamB and OmpN, and efflux pumps EmrAB, MdtABC, and SrpB, can enhance phloroglucinol (PG) tolerance by inhibiting the generation of hydroxyl radicals.

Fertilization Induced Soil Microbial Shifts Show Minor Effects on Yield.

Fertilization can improve soil nutrition and increase the yield of , but the response of soil microbial communities to fertilization treatments and their correlation with soil nutrition and yield are unclear. In order to investigate the characteristics of soil physicochemical qualities and the bacterial community, we carried out a field experiment comparing various quantities of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers to the unfertilized control treatments and the yield of in raw material forests in response to different applications of fertilizers and to try to clarify the interrelation among the three. Results showed that (1) there are significant differences in the effects of different fertilization treatments on the soil properties of raw material forests.

Different Flooding Conditions Affected Microbial Diversity in Riparian Zone of Huihe Wetland.

The soil microbiome plays an important role in wetland ecosystem services and functions. However, the impact of soil hydrological conditions on wetland microorganisms is not well understood. This study investigated the effects of wetted state (WS); wetting-drying state (WDS); and dried state (DS) on the diversity of soil bacteria, fungi, and archaea.

Synthetic Microbial Communities Enhance Pepper Growth and Root Morphology by Regulating Rhizosphere Microbial Communities.

Synthetic microbial community (SynCom) application is efficient in promoting crop yield and soil health. However, few studies have been conducted to enhance pepper growth via modulating rhizosphere microbial communities by SynCom application. This study aimed to investigate how SynCom inoculation at the seedling stage impacts pepper growth by modulating the rhizosphere microbiome using high-throughput sequencing technology.

Grazing Intensity Modifies Soil Microbial Diversity and Their Co-Occurrence Networks in an Alpine Steppe, Central Tibet.

Grazing intensity is one of the crucial anthropogenic activities on alpine grasslands. However, how grazing intensity affects soil microorganism diversities and their co-occurrence networks in alpine steppe remains uncertain. We carried out a controlled grazing experiment (null grazing, CK; moderate grazing, MG; and heavy grazing, HG) on a typical alpine steppe in the Lhasa River Basin, Central Tibet, China.

The Combination of Shading and Potassium Application Regulated the Bulb Active Ingredients Accumulation in Miq. by Affecting Rhizosphere Microecology.

The bulbs of the lily plant Miq. possess substantial medicinal properties for relieving coughs and clearing the lungs. However, excessive pursuit of yield during cultivation has led to a decrease in medicinal ingredients.

Seasonal Variations in the Structure and Function of the Gut Flora in Adult Male Rhesus Macaques Reared in Outdoor Colonies.

The seasonal variations that occur in the gut microbiota of healthy adult rhesus monkeys kept in outdoor groups under conventional rearing patterns and how these variations are affected by environmental variables are relatively poorly understood. In this study, we collected 120 fecal samples from 30 adult male rhesus monkeys kept in outdoor groups across four seasons and recorded the temperature and humidity of the housing facilities, as well as the proportions of fruit and vegetables in their diet. A 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota of the rhesus monkeys was higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn.

In-Situ Investigation of Copepod Predators of Theronts from Fish-Farming Pond.

, a parasitic ciliate, causes "white spot disease" in freshwater fish and poses a significant threat to global freshwater aquaculture. Eliminating the free-swimming theront stage from the aquaculture environment is a critical measure for controlling infections. The natural predator of theronts in fish-farming ponds were identified using fluorescent dye-labelled live theronts and quantitative PCR; meanwhile, the zooplankton community composition in the positive ponds of detected by quantitative PCR were analyzed by eDNA metabarcoding assay.