Plant Adaptation and Soil Shear Strength: Unraveling the Drought Legacy in .

Climate change has led to an increasing frequency of droughts, potentially undermining soil stability. In such a changing environment, the shallow reinforcement effect of plant roots often fails to meet expectations. This study aims to explore whether this is associated with the alteration of plant traits as a response to environmental change.

Using Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping and Genomic Resources to Improve Breeding Precision in Peaches: Current Insights and Future Prospects.

Modern breeding technologies and the development of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping have brought about a new era in peach breeding. This study examines the complex genetic structure that underlies the morphology of peach fruits, paying special attention to the interaction between genome editing, genomic selection, and marker-assisted selection. Breeders now have access to precise tools that enhance crop resilience, productivity, and quality, facilitated by QTL mapping, which has significantly advanced our understanding of the genetic determinants underlying essential traits such as fruit shape, size, and firmness.

Herbicidal and Antibacterial Secondary Metabolites Isolated from the -Derived Endophytic Fungus TE-739D.

Endophytic fungi possess a unique ability to produce abundant secondary metabolites, which play an active role in the growth and development of host plants. In this study, chemical investigations on the endophytic fungus TE-739D derived from the cultivated tobacco ( L.) afforded two new polyketide derivatives, namely japoniones A () and B (), as well as four previously reported compounds -.

Variations in the End-Use Quality of Whole Grain Flour Are Closely Related to the Metabolites in the Grains of Pigmented Wheat ( L.).

Whole grain flour is considered a part of a healthy diet, especially when produced with pigmented wheat (). However, the specific metabolic pathways and mechanisms by which these metabolites affect the end-use quality of pigmented wheat varieties still need to be better understood. This study examined the relationship between metabolite concentrations and the end-use quality of three wheat varieties: common wheat (CW, JM20), black wheat (BW, HJ1), and green wheat (GW, HZ148).

Structure of Plant Populations in Constructed Wetlands and Their Ability for Water Purification.

In constructed wetlands (CWs) with multiple plant communities, population structure may change over time and these variations may ultimately influence water quality. However, in CWs with multiple plant communities, it is still unclear how population structure may change over time and how these variations ultimately influence water quality. Here, we established a CW featuring multiple plant species within a polder to investigate the variation in plant population structure and wastewater treatment effect for drainage water over the course of one year.

Patterns and Drivers of Surface Energy Flux in the Alpine Meadow Ecosystem in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China.

Alpine meadows are vital ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, significantly contributing to water conservation and climate regulation. This study examines the energy flux patterns and their driving factors in the alpine meadows of the Qilian Mountains, focusing on how the meteorological variables of net radiation (), air temperature, vapor pressure deficit (), wind speed (), and soil water content () influence sensible heat flux () and latent heat flux (). Using the Bowen ratio energy balance method, we monitored energy changes during the growing and non-growing seasons from 2022 to 2023.

Genome-Wide Study of Plant-Specific PLATZ Transcription Factors and Functional Analysis of in Regulating Caryopsis Development of Rice ( L.).

Plant A/T-rich sequence- and zinc-binding protein (PLATZ) is a type of plant-specific zinc-dependent DNA-binding protein that binds to A/T-rich DNA sequences. This family is essential for plant growth, development, and stress response. In this study, 15 were identified in the rice genome with complete PLATZ-conserved domains by CD-search, similar to those found in angiosperms.

Optimization Study of a High-Efficiency Preservative for Ammonia-Free Concentrated Natural Rubber Latex.

Ammonia is commonly used as a preservative in the production of concentrated natural rubber latex (CNRL) and latex products; however, it poses a serious risk to human health and the environment. In this study, we investigated a thioacetamide derivative (TD) as a preservative of ammonia-free CNRL and the optimization of a stabilization system comprising potassium hydroxide (KOH), lauric acid (LA), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to enhance its preservation effect. The results revealed that an optimal amount of TD (0.

Investigating the Effect and Potential Mechanism of Rhamnetin 3--α-Rhamnoside on Acute Liver Injury In Vivo and In Vitro.

: Rhamnetin 3--α-rhamnoside (ARR) is a major flavonoid of the herb Franch. & Sav., which has been used for treating liver diseases in China.

Silybin Cocrystals with Improved Solubility and Bioavailability.

Silymarin, an extract from milk thistle, is widely recognized for its therapeutic potential in treating liver disorders. However, its clinical utility is limited by the poor solubility and low bioavailability of its key active ingredient, Silybin. In this study, we sought to address this issue through the development of a novel cocrystal of Silyin.

The Role of Pathogens in Bumblebee Decline: A Review.

Bumblebees, the most important wild pollinators in both agricultural and natural ecosystems, are declining worldwide. The global decline of bumblebees may threaten biodiversity, pollination services, and, ultimately, agricultural productivity. Several factors, including pesticide usage, climate change, habitat loss, and species invasion, have been documented in the decline of bumblebee species, but recent studies have revealed the dominating role of pathogens and parasites over any of these causes.

Antibody Responses and the Vaccine Efficacy of Recombinant Glycosyltransferase and Nicastrin Against .

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease and the second most common parasitic disease after malaria. While praziquantel remains the primary treatment, concerns about drug resistance highlight the urgent need for new drugs and effective vaccines to achieve sustainable control. Previous proteomic studies from our group revealed that the expression of glycosyltransferase and nicastrin as proteins was higher in single-sex males than mated males, suggesting their critical roles in parasite reproduction and their potential as vaccine candidates.

Discovery of Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for Common Pathogenic Through Pan-Genome and Comparative Genome Analysis, with Preliminary Validation.

The aim of this study was to reveal diagnostic biomarkers of considerable importance for common pathogenic , utilizing pan-genomic and comparative genome analysis to accurately characterize clinical infections. In this study, complete or assembled genome sequences of common pathogenic and closely related species were obtained from NCBI as discovery and validation sets, respectively. Genome annotation was performed using Prokka software, and pan-genomic analysis and extraction of core genes were performed using BPGA software.

Performance and Energy Consumption Analysis for UWSNs with Priority Scheduling Based on Access Probability and Wakeup Threshold.

As advancements in autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) technology unfold, the role of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is becoming increasingly pivotal. However, the high energy consumption in these networks can significantly reduce their operational lifespan, while latency issues can impair overall network performance. To address these challenges, a novel mixed packet forwarding strategy is developed, which incorporates a wakeup threshold and a dynamically adjusted access probability for the cluster head (CH).

Depression Recognition Using Daily Wearable-Derived Physiological Data.

The objective identification of depression using physiological data has emerged as a significant research focus within the field of psychiatry. The advancement of wearable physiological measurement devices has opened new avenues for the identification of individuals with depression in everyday-life contexts. Compared to other objective measurement methods, wearables offer the potential for continuous, unobtrusive monitoring, which can capture subtle physiological changes indicative of depressive states.

Dynamic Interferometry for Freeform Surface Measurement Based on Machine Learning-Configured Deformable Mirror.

Optical freeform surfaces are widely used in imaging and non-imaging systems due to their high design freedom. In freeform surface manufacturing and assembly, dynamic freeform surface measurement that can guide the next operation remains a challenge. To meet this urgent need, we propose a dynamic interferometric method based on a machine learning-configured deformable mirror (DM).

Optimization of Ultra Lightweight Mirror and Opto-Mechanical-Thermal Coupling Analysis Based on Solar Thermal Radiation.

To improve maneuverability, the focus of photoelectric theodolites is on reducing the weight of the primary mirror and enhancing its optical performance. This study uses MOAT and Sobol methods to identify key parameters that affect design. Using the high-sensitivity part as the optimization domain, six optimization results were obtained based on the multi-objective SIMP topology optimization method and synthesized into a compromise optimization structure.

Determination of Cenozoic Sedimentary Structures Using Integrated Geophysical Surveys: A Case Study in the Hebei Plain, China.

The strong multi-stage tectonic movement caused the northwest of the North China Plain to rise and the southeast to fall. The covering layer in the plain area was several kilometers thick. In addition to expensive drilling, it is difficult to obtain deep geological information through traditional geological exploration.

Range Extension of Borehole Strainmeters Using MOSFET-Based Multi-Switch Automatic Zero Setting.

Borehole strainmeters are essential tools for observing crustal deformation. In long-term observational applications, the dynamic changes in crustal deformation over multi-year scales often exceed the single measurement range of borehole strainmeters. Expanding the measurement range while maintaining high precision is a critical technical challenge.

Compact High-Zoom-Ratio Mid-Wavelength Infrared Zoom Lens Design Based on Particle Swarm Optimization.

This paper presents an automated method for solving the initial structure of compact, high-zoom-ratio mid-wave infrared (MWIR) zoom lenses. Using differential analysis, the focal length variation process of zoom lenses under paraxial conditions is investigated, and a model for the focal power distribution and relative motion of three movable lens groups is established. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is introduced into the zooming process analysis, and a program is developed in MATLAB to solve for the initial structure.

A New Self-Made 16-Channel Capacitive Electrocardiography System: An Investigation and Validation for Non-Contact Electrodes.

Generally, the electrocardiography (ECG) system plays an important role in preventing and diagnosing heart diseases. To further improve the amenity and convenience of using an ECG system, we built a customized capacitive electrocardiography (cECG) system with one wet electrode, sixteen non-contact electrodes, two ADS1299 chips, and one STM32F303-based microcontroller unit (MCU). This new cECG system could acquire, save, and display the ECG data in real time.

Bias Calibration of Optically Pumped Magnetometers Based on Variable Sensitivity.

Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) functioning in the spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) regime have emerged as attractive options for measuring weak magnetic fields, owing to their portability and remarkable sensitivity. The operation of SERF-OPM critically relies on the ambient magnetic field; thus, a magnetic field compensation device is commonly employed to mitigate the ambient magnetic field to near zero. Nonetheless, the bias of the OPM may influence the compensation impact, a subject that remains unexamined.

Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests.

GNSS-RTK offers numerous advantages and broad prospects in structural dynamic monitoring in civil engineering. However, in practical applications, GNSS-RTK accuracy is susceptible to the monitoring environments, causing actual monitoring accuracy to fall below its calibrated accuracy. This study investigates the monitoring accuracy and spectral characteristics of GNSS-RTK based on stability tests under different environments related to reflection and obstruction conditions (i.

An Optimized Method for Batch Recovery Based on Erasure Coding in Heterogeneous Network.

With the rapid development of IoT technology, sensors are widely used for monitoring environmental parameters. The data collected by sensors needs to be stored, and distributed storage systems provide an excellent platform to handle this vast amount of data. To enhance data reliability and reduce storage costs, erasure coding technology can be employed within distributed storage systems.

STGLR: A Spacecraft Anomaly Detection Method Based on Spatio-Temporal Graph Learning.

Anomalies frequently occur during the operation of spacecraft in orbit, and studying anomaly detection methods is crucial to ensure the normal operation of spacecraft. Due to the complexity of spacecraft structures, telemetry data possess characteristics such as high dimensionality, complexity, and large scale. Existing methods frequently ignore or fail to explicitly extract the correlation between variables, and due to the lack of prior knowledge, it is difficult to obtain the initial relationship of variables.