Regulating the Thermodynamic Uniformity and Kinetic Diffusion of Zinc Anodes for Deep Cycling of Ah-Level Aqueous Zinc-Metal Batteries.

Zn metal anodes in mildly acidic electrolytes usually suffer from a series of problems, including parasitic dendrite growth and severe side reactions, significantly limiting the Zn utilization efficiency and cycling life. A deep understanding of the Zn stripping/plating process is essential to obtain high-efficiency and long-life Zn metal anodes. Here, the factors affecting the Zn stripping/plating process are revealed, suggesting that thermodynamic uniformity in bulk structures promotes an orderly Zn stripping process, and a fast kinetic diffusion rate on the Zn surface facilitates uniform Zn deposition.

Jealousy or Abuse? Dispositional Mindfulness Helps Chinese College Students Understand and Save From Cyber Dating Abuse.

Technology advances lead to a high prevalence of cyber dating abuse among youth. Previous studies had demonstrated its detrimental outcomes and predictors, but neglected the characters in Eastern countries. Therefore, exploring the comprehensive mechanisms of cyber dating abuse in different cultures and mitigating it are necessary.

Design Strategy of PepNzymes-SH for an Emerging Catalyst with Serine Hydrolase-Like Functionality.

Serine hydrolases, as a class of green catalysts with hydrolytic and dehydrating activities, hold significant application value in the fields of biosynthesis and organic synthesis. However, practical applications face numerous challenges, including maintaining enzyme stability and managing usage costs. PepNzymes-SH, an emerging green catalytic material with enzyme-like activity, overcomes the operational limitations of natural enzymes and holds great promise as a substitute for hydrolases.

DNA spontaneously wrapping around a histone core prefers negative supercoiling: A Brownian dynamics study.

In eukaryotes, DNA achieves a highly compact structure primarily due to its winding around the histone cores. The nature wrapping of DNA around histone core form a 1.7 left-handed superhelical turns, contributing to negative supercoiling in chromatin.

Neomorphic leukemia-derived mutations in the TET2 enzyme induce genome instability via a substrate shift from 5-methylcytosine to thymine.

Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes oxidize 5-methylcytosine (mC) in DNA, contributing to the regulation of gene transcription. Diverse mutations of TET2 are frequently found in various blood cancers, yet the full scope of their functional consequences has been unexplored. Here, we report that a subset of TET2 mutations identified in leukemia patients alter the substrate specificity of TET2 from acting on mC to thymine.

Aspartate Metabolism-Driven Gut Microbiota Dynamics and RIP-Dependent Mitochondrial Function Counteract Oxidative Stress.

Aspartate (Asp) metabolism-mediated antioxidant functions have important implications for neonatal growth and intestinal health; however, the antioxidant mechanisms through which Asp regulates the gut microbiota and influences RIP activation remain elusive. This study reports that chronic oxidative stress disrupts gut microbiota and metabolite balance and that such imbalance is intricately tied to the perturbation of Asp metabolism. Under normal conditions, in vivo and in vitro studies reveal that exogenous Asp improves intestinal health by regulating epithelial cell proliferation, nutrient uptake, and apoptosis.

Nanopore-Based High Resolution Detection of Multiple Post-Translational Modifications in Proteins.

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) play crucial roles in various cellular processes. Despite their significance, only a few PTMs have been extensively studied at the proteome level, primarily due to the scarcity of reliable, convenient, and low-cost sensing methods. Here, we present a straightforward and effective strategy for detecting PTMs on short peptides through host-guest interaction-assisted nanopore sensing.

Occurrence of AG-5 Causing Root Rot on in Northwestern China.

Astragalus mongholicus is a perennial Chinese medicinal herb in the family Leguminosae widely cultivated in China. In September 2023, A. mongholicus plants in a field in Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, showed symptoms of circular or irregular brown, sunken and necrotic lesions, multiple lesions coalesced, and brown longitudinal cracks in the roots.

First Report of Causing Black Leaf Spot on in China.

Chinese yam ( Turcz.), known for its nutrient-rich underground tubers, is both a food source and a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. It offers significant nutritional and medicinal benefits.

Pollutant accumulation characteristics of substrates and mechanism of microbial action in different ecological ditches.

Ecological ditches serve as one of the important measures for the concentrated infiltration of stormwater in the construction process of sponge cities. Prolonged concentrated infiltration of stormwater can lead to the accumulation of pollutants and pollution risks in the substrate of ecological ditches. In this study, two different substrate ecological ditches were constructed, namely, a combined substrate ecological ditch with zeolite + ceramsite (EA), and a biological substrate ecological ditch (EB).

The Genomics Revolution Drives a New Era in Entomology.

Thanks to the fast development of sequencing techniques and bioinformatics tools, sequencing the genome of an insect species for specific research purposes has become an increasingly popular practice. Insect genomes not only provide sets of gene sequences but also represent a change in focus from reductionism to systemic biology in the field of entomology. Using insect genomes, researchers are able to identify and study the functions of all members of a gene family, pathway, or gene network associated with a trait of interest.

Finite element modeling of clavicle fracture fixations: a systematic scoping review.

Finite element analysis has become indispensable for biomechanical research on clavicle fractures. This review summarized evidence regarding configurations and applications of finite element analysis in clavicle fracture fixation. Seventeen articles involving 22 clavicles were synthesized from CINAHL, Embase, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

Arabidopsis CIRP1 E3 ligase modulates drought and oxidative stress tolerance and reactive oxygen species homeostasis by directly degrading catalases.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays critical roles in modulating plant growth and stress response and its homeostasis is fine tuned using multiple peroxidases. HO, a major kind of ROS, is removed rapidly and directly using three catalases, CAT1, CAT2, and CAT3, in Arabidopsis. Although the activity regulations of catalases have been well studied, their degradation pathway is less clear.

Multifunctional Graphdiyne Enables Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells via Anti-Solvent Additive Engineering.

Finding ways to produce dense and smooth perovskite films with negligible defects is vital for achieving high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we aim to enhance the quality of the perovskite films through the utilization of a multifunctional additive in the perovskite anti-solvent, a strategy referred to as anti-solvent additive engineering. Specifically, we introduce ortho-substituted-4'-(4,4″-di-tert-butyl-1,1':3',1″-terphenyl)-graphdiyne (o-TB-GDY) as an AAE additive, characterized by its sp/sp-cohybridized and highly π-conjugated structure, into the anti-solvent.

The negative relationship between brain-age gap and psychological resilience defines the age-related neurocognitive status in older people.

Biological brain age is a brain-predicted age using machine learning to indicate brain health and its associated conditions. The presence of an older predicted brain age relative to the actual chronological age is indicative of accelerated aging processes. Consequently, the disparity between the brain's chronological age and its predicted age (brain-age gap) and the factors influencing this disparity provide critical insights into cerebral health dynamics during aging.

Exploiting the efficient Exo:Cas12i3-5M fusions for robust single and multiplex gene editing in rice.

The development of a single and multiplex gene editing system is highly desirable for either functional genomics or pyramiding beneficial alleles in crop improvement. CRISPR/Cas12i3, which belongs to the Class II Type V-I Cas system, has attracted extensive attention recently due to its smaller protein size and less restricted canonical "TTN" protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). However, due to its relatively lower editing efficiency, Cas12i3-mediated multiplex gene editing has not yet been documented in plants.

Platelet membrane-modified exosomes targeting plaques to activate autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells for atherosclerotic therapy.

Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of ischemic cardiovascular disease worldwide. Recent studies indicated that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an indispensable role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated promising clinical applications in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Promising Therapeutic Targets for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

The intestinal microbiota is a complex community of organisms present in the human gastrointestinal tract, some of which can produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) through the fermentation of dietary fiber. SCFAs play a major role in mediating the intestinal microbiota's regulation of host immunity and intestinal homeostasis. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause an imbalance between anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses in the host.

Glucose Metabolic Abnormalities and Their Interaction With Defective Phosphate Homeostasis in Tumor-induced Osteomalacia.

Context: Phosphate homeostasis was compromised in tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) due to increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) secretion. Nevertheless, the glucose metabolic profile in TIO patients has not been investigated.

Objectives: This work aimed to clarify the glucose metabolic profiles in TIO patients and explore their interaction with impaired phosphate homeostasis.

An InDel variant in the promoter of the NAC transcription factor MdNAC18.1 plays a major role in apple fruit ripening.

A complex regulatory network governs fruit ripening, but natural variations and functional differentiation of fruit ripening genes remain largely unknown. Utilizing a genome-wide association study (GWAS), we identified the NAC family transcription factor MdNAC18.1, whose expression is closely associated with fruit ripening in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.

Reticular Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks with kgd-v Topology and Trirhombic Pores.

Two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with designable pore structures can be synthesized under the guidance of topology diagrams. Among the five existing edge-transitive topological nets, topology is considered a fine candidate for constructing COFs with ultramicropores. However, all of the reported COFs with topology need the use of -symmetric monomers, which are limited in compound type and difficult to synthesize.

Two-dimensional BiTeX crystals with persistent luminescence induced by photochemical reactions.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are highly valued for their unique properties and potential applications, as they can display exotic behaviors differing from those of their bulk forms. Research on elementary and binary solids has been making great progress recently, while synthesizing multi-component 2D materials experimentally remains a challenge, despite the possibility of greatly extending the number of members of the 2D realm. In this study, we synthesized ternary BiTeX (X = Cl, Br, I) nanosheets with high crystallinity through an electrochemical exfoliation method.

NIR-II absorption and photothermal conversion in a photochromic metal-organic framework based on -2,2'-biquinoline-4,4'-dicarboxylate.

A BCA -coordinated MOF (1) was initially discovered to exhibit electron transfer photochromism. Remarkably, the photogenerated radicals (1P) showed a maximum absorption enhancement peak at 1158 nm, resulting from the synergistic effects of planar π-conjugation induced by -coordination and π-π interactions among [BCA]˙˙ radicals, thereby promoting the NIR-II photothermal effect.

Relationship between the and the gene copy number variation and growth traits in different cattle breeds.

Copy number variations (CNV) are important genetic variations. The endogenous factors cobalamin receptor () and MIA SH3 domain ER-derived factor 3 () are associated with bone/muscle development and intramuscular fat deposition. There have been no reports on the effects of and CNVs on growth traits of Chinese cattle.