Cell-type specific epigenetic clocks to quantify biological age at cell-type resolution.

The ability to accurately quantify biological age could help monitor and control healthy aging. Epigenetic clocks have emerged as promising tools for estimating biological age, yet they have been developed from heterogeneous bulk tissues, and are thus composites of two aging processes, one reflecting the change of cell-type composition with age and another reflecting the aging of individual cell-types. There is thus a need to dissect and quantify these two components of epigenetic clocks, and to develop epigenetic clocks that can yield biological age estimates at cell-type resolution.

DMSO-promoted α-bromination of α-aryl ketones for the construction of 2-aryl-2-bromo-cycloketones.

A DMSO-promoted practical one-step α-bromination reaction of α-aryl ketones with NBS has been developed for the construction of 2-aryl-2-bromo-cycloketones. The desired regioselective α-bromination products were isolated in moderate to good yields, with a maximum tested scale of 15 mmol. Notably, ketamine derivatives could be smoothly synthesized in two steps.

The MYB61-STRONG2 module regulates culm diameter and lodging resistance in rice.

Lodging reduces grain yield and quality in cereal crops. Lodging resistance is affected by the strength of the culm, which is influenced by the culm diameter, culm wall thickness, and cell wall composition. To explore the genetic architecture of culm diameter in rice (Oryza sativa), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Discovery of 2(1)-Quinoxalinone Derivatives as Potent and Selective MAT2A Inhibitors for the Treatment of MTAP-Deficient Cancers.

Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) has emerged as a synthetic lethal drug target in cancers bearing homozygous methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene deletion. Despite the remarkable progress in the discovery and development of MAT2A inhibitors, current understanding about the selectivity of these compounds toward MTAP-deficient cancers is relatively limited. To improve the selectivity of MAT2A inhibitors for MTAP-deficient cancers remains a significant challenge.

Iron-Catalyzed Aerobic Carbonylation of Methane via Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer Excitation.

The integration of ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) catalytic paradigms with radical intermediates has transformed the selective functionalization of inert C-H bonds, facilitating the use of nonprecious metal catalysts in demanding transformations. Notably, aerobic C-H carbonylation of methane to acetic acid remains formidable due to the rapid oxidation of methyl radicals, producing undesired C1 oxygenates. We present an iron terpyridine catalyst utilizing LMCT to achieve exceptional C2/C1 selectivity through synergistic photoexcitation, methyl radical generation, and carbonylation.

A high performance MBene substrate for improving the MnO cathodes for aqueous Zn-ion batteries.

Slow kinetics and instability seriously hinder the development of MnO cathodes for aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Herein, an emerging 2D material MoB-based MBene was used as the MnO matrix. Benefiting from the high electrical conductivity and outstanding stability of MoB, the prepared MoB/MnO composite cathode effectively alleviated the above issues and showed significant electrochemical performance improvement.

Visualization of Mechanical Force Regulation of Exosome Secretion Using High Time-Spatial Resolution Imaging.

Exosomes are small endosome-derived extracellular vesicles that participate in cell-cell communication, particularly in the context of tumorigenesis, and their secretion is influenced by the tumor microenvironment. While previous studies suggest that mechanical forces may enhance exosome release, the direct relationship between these forces and exosome secretion needs to be further characterized. Here, we utilized dual-color CD63 reporter-based high-speed live-cell imaging to visualize how mechanical forces influence exosome release in situ.

Tumor Mutation Signature Reveals the Risk Factors of Lung Adenocarcinoma with or Mutation.

Introduction: and mutations are frequently detected in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Tumor mutational signature (TMS) determination is an approach to identify somatic mutational patterns associated with pathogenic factors. In this study, through the analysis of TMS, the underlying pathogenic factors of LUAD with and mutations were traced.

The trajectory of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and its dynamic relationship with inhibitory control.

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Impaired inhibitory control is observed in the majority of individuals with ADHD. Understanding the relationship between inhibitory control and the developmental trajectory of ADHD is essential for informing clinical prognosis and guiding early interventions.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Uncovers Molecular Features Underlying the Disrupted Neurogenesis Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with limited effective treatment strategies. Endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to neurons and glial cells throughout life. However, NSCs are more likely to differentiate into glial cells rather than neurons at the lesion site after TBI and the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown.

Structure-Guided Development of ClpP Agonists with Potent Therapeutic Activities against Infection.

Peritonitis caused by poses a severe threat to patients with end-stage renal failure. Treating multidrug-resistant infections requires the use of antibiotics with diverse mechanisms of action. Caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) is a promising antibacterial target; however, selective activation of (ClpP) over human ClpP (ClpP) remains challenging.

Research Progress in 3D Printed Biobased and Biodegradable Polyester/Ceramic Composite Materials: Applications and Challenges in Bone Tissue Engineering.

Transplantation of bone implants is currently recognized as one of the most effective means of treating bone defects. Biobased and biodegradable polyester composites combine the good mechanical and degradable properties of polyester, thereby providing an alternative for bone implant materials. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) accelerates bone defect repair by simulating the bone microenvironment.

Multi-epitope vaccines: a promising strategy against viral diseases in swine.

Viral infections in swine, such as African swine fever (ASF), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), have a significant impact on the swine industry. Despite the significant progress in the recent efforts to develop effective vaccines against viral diseases in swine, the search for new protective vaccination strategy remains a challenge. The antigenic epitope, acting as a fundamental unit, can initiate either a cellular or humoral immune response.

Rapid detection of by recombinase-aided amplification combined with the CRISPR/Cas12a system.

() is one of the primary agents involved in porcine respiratory disease complex, and circulates in the swine industry worldwide. The prevention and control of is complicated. Thus, a recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay coupled with the clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12a system was established for the detection of .

Bioinspired conductive oriented nanofiber felt with efficient ROS clearance and anti-inflammation for inducing M2 macrophage polarization and accelerating spinal cord injury repair.

Complete spinal cord injury (SCI) causes permanent locomotor, sensory and neurological dysfunctions. Targeting complex immunopathological microenvironment at SCI sites comprising inflammatory cytokines infiltration, oxidative stress and massive neuronal apoptosis, the conductive oriented nanofiber felt with efficient ROS clearance, anti-inflammatory effect and accelerating neural regeneration is constructed by step-growth addition polymerization and electrostatic spinning technique for SCI repair. The formation of innovative Fe-PDA-PAT chelate in nanofiber felt enhances hydrophilic, antioxidant, antibacterial, hemostatic and binding factor capacities, thereby regulating immune microenvironment of SCI.

A holistic visualization for quality of Chinese materia medica: Structural and metabolic visualization by magnetic resonance imaging.

The quality of Chinese materia medica (CMM) is a challenging and focused topic in the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). A profound comprehension of the morphology, structure, active constituents, and dynamic changes during the whole process of CMM growth is essential, which needs highly precise contemporary techniques for in-depth elucidation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cutting-edge tool integrating the benefits of both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging technology.

Corrigendum: Characterization of expression in mouse cochlear hair cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.

Highly efficient heteronuclear polarization transfer using dipolar-echo edited R-symmetry sequences in solid-state NMR.

In solid-state NMR, dipolar-based heteronuclear polarization transfer has been extensively used for sensitivity enhancement and multidimensional correlations, but its efficiency often suffers from undesired spin interactions and hardware limitations. Herein, we propose a novel dipolar-echo edited R-symmetry (DEER) sequence, which is further incorporated into the INEPT-type scheme, dubbed DEER-INEPT, for achieving highly efficient heteronuclear polarization transfer. Numerical simulations and NMR experiments demonstrate that DEER-INEPT offers significantly improved robustness, enabling efficient polarization transfer under a wide range of MAS conditions, from slow to ultrafast rates, outperforming existing methods.

Molecular engineering of supramolecular polymer adhesive with confined water and a single crown ether.

Here, we report a water-induced supramolecular polymer adhesive formed from confined water and an intrinsically amphiphilic macrocyclic self-assembly in a nanophase-separated structure. The selenium-containing crown ether macrocycle, featuring a strong hydrophilic hydrogen-bond receptor (selenoxide) and a synergistic hydrophobic selenium-substituted crown core, confines water within a segregated, interdigitated architecture. While water molecules typically freeze around 0 °C, the confined water in this supramolecular polymer remains in a liquid-like state down to -80 °C.

Construction and high-throughput screening of gradient nanowire coatings on titanium surface towards ameliorated osseointegration.

Surface nano-modification has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants. Despite its promise, rational optimization of surface nanomorphology for ameliorated osseointegration remains a significant challenge. Our research pioneering developed a one-step alkali etching technique to produce a gradient nanowire coating with continuously varied dimensions on Ti surfaces, which was subsequently served as a versatile platform for high-throughput screening of optimal dimensions to enhance osseointegration.

Does periphyton turn less palatable under grazing pressure?

Periphyton acts as an important primary producer in stream food webs with bottom-up grazing pressure and is also subject to effects of top-down grazing pressure. However, the underlying mechanisms of these interactions remain unclear. In this study we conducted a mesocosm experiment to explore the periphyton response to grazing pressure by the freshwater snail in relation to food quality indicated by polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers, including eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3) and the 22C fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3), which are essential for cell growth and reproduction and cannot be synthesized by most consumers of periphyton.

Consensus on the lung cancer management after third-generation EGFR-TKI resistance.

Lung cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumour in the Asia-Pacific region. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancers. Among these, the rate of mutations in Asian patients with lung adenocarcinoma is 40-60%.

More inputs of antibiotics into groundwater but less into rivers as a result of manure management in China.

Antibiotics are extensively used in livestock production to prevent and treat diseases, but their environmental impact through contamination of rivers and groundwater is a growing concern. The specific antibiotics involved, their sources, and their geographic distribution remain inadequately documented, hindering effective mitigation strategies for river and groundwater pollution control caused by livestock production. Here we develope the spatially explicit MARINA-Antibiotics (China-1.

Primary localized bladder amyloidosis with negative postoperative Congo red staining: A case report.

Localized bladder amyloidosis is a rare disorder mimicking bladder tumor, with merely over 200 reported cases. Here, we report a case of a 67-year-old female presented with painless gross hematuria. A positive Congo red staining of the cystoscopy biopsy raised suspicion of bladder amyloidosis, and transurethral resection of the mass was performed.