Spontaneous Regression of Clinically Indolent Lymphomas Revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A 48-year-old man and a 55-year-old woman, who were diagnosed with follicular lymphoma and small B lymphocytic cell lymphoma, respectively, underwent initial "watch-and-wait" approach against lymphoma. The initial F-FDG PET/CT of both patients showed multiple FDG-avid lymph nodes in the neck, mediastinum, abdomen, and inguinal regions. During their active surveillance, the follow-up PET/CT of both patients revealed spontaneous regression of lymphoma.

Abdominal paracentesis drainage ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis in rats by regulating the polarization of peritoneal macrophages.

Aim: To investigate the role of peritoneal macrophage (PM) polarization in the therapeutic effect of abdominal paracentesis drainage (APD) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: SAP was induced by 5% Na-taurocholate retrograde injection in Sprague-Dawley rats. APD was performed by inserting a drainage tube with a vacuum ball into the lower right abdomen of the rats immediately after the induction of SAP.

A Mixed Variant of Castleman Disease Detected by Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy with 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC and 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A 50-year-old woman was found with a hypervascular abdominal mass in the right lower quadrant in contrast-enhanced CT. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with Tc-HYNIC-TOC showed positivity of the abdominal mass and detected additional lesion with moderate increased radioactivity in the right axilla. In F-FDG PET/CT, both of the lesions were FDG-avid.

Application of ultrasound in aggressive angiomyxoma: Eight case reports and review of literature.

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare tumour that often occurs in soft tissues of the female genital tract. Eight cases of AAM are reported in this article, and the clinical features and ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of the eight cases are reviewed and summarized. The main complaints of all the patients were palpable and painless masses in the vulva or scrotum.

Hypermetabolism Caused by Seizure Mimicking Tumor Recurrence.

A 41-year-old man had a right frontal grade I glioma resection 17 years ago. He was tumor free since. However, 1 month ago, he presented with an uncontrollable seizure, which raised the possibility of recurrent tumor.

Effect of autophagy gene DRAM on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy of osteoblast in osteoporosis rats.

Objective: The research aimed at detecting the autophagy level of osteoblast in osteoporosis rat, and investigating the effect of autophagy gene damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM) on osteoblast proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy.

Methods: The level of osteocalcin (OCN) and C-telopeptide (CTX) in serum of ovariectomized (OVX) rats was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Oil Red-O staining was used to observing bone histological changes.

Recurrence of Extramedullary Plasmacytomas Involving Lymph Nodes and Pancreas Revealed by 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A 40-year-old man with history of extramedullary plasmacytoma in nasal cavity presented with right submandibular mass for 3 months. F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated mild radioactivity in the right submandibular mass, pancreatic mass, and lymph nodes in the abdomen and left hilum of the lung. To differentiate from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT was performed.

[Role of dendritic cells in lipopolysaccharide induced cardiac dysfunction in mice].

Objective: To observe the role of dendritic cells (DC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial dysfunction in mice.

Methods: Eighty wild type male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups, according to random number table method: sham group, DC inhibitors in control group (VAG539-sham group), LPS sepsis model group (LPS group) and DC inhibitors pretreatment group (VAG539-LPS group), 20 in each group. The cardiac dysfunction model of sepsis mice was established by LPS intraperitoneal injection; the sham group was injected with the same dose of normal saline.

Sonographic features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma predicting high-volume central neck lymph node metastasis.

Objective: To study the correlations between the sonographic features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and the presence of high-volume lymph node metastasis.

Method: Medical records of 2363 PTMC patients were reviewed form October 2013 to December 2015. All the patients with lymph node metastasis identified by histopathology were included.

Unicentric Castleman's Disease Revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT and Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy With 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC.

A 51-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and abdominal pain was found with a retroperitoneal mass. The mass had intense enhancement in contrast-enhanced CT, and it showed a moderate degree of increased FDG uptake in PET/CT. The mass was also positive in somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with Tc-HYNIC-TOC, but it was negative in I-MIBG scan.

Chemokine Receptor CXCR4-Targeted PET/CT With 68Ga-Pentixafor Shows Superiority to 18F-FDG in a Patient With Waldenström Macroglobulinemia.

A 69-year-old woman diagnosed with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) was referred for F-FDG and Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for evaluation of the disease. Extensive involvement of WM with intense radioactivity in the bone marrow and lymph nodes was found in Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT. However, in F-FDG PET/CT, the lesions showed significantly lower tracer uptake.

Computer-aided system for diagnosing thyroid nodules on ultrasound: A comparison with radiologist-based clinical assessments.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficiency of a thyroid ultrasound computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system with that of 1 radiologist.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 342 surgically resected thyroid nodules from July 2013 to December 2013 at our center. The nodules were assessed on typical ultrasound images using the CAD system and reviewed by 1 experienced radiologist.

Can endoscopic ultrasound-guided needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy replace fine-needle aspiration for pancreatic and mediastinal diseases?

New applications of confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) have been developed, such as needle-based CLE (nCLE) for pancreatic masses, pancreatic cystic tumors, and lymph nodes. nCLE is feasible during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) examination, and preliminary results are very encouraging and suggest this technology may be used in future as a useful adjunct in cases of inconclusive EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration. The aim of this paper is to give an update in this new technology and to define its place in the diagnosis of pancreatic masses and mediastinal diseases.

Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas presenting as diffuse pancreatic enlargement: Two case reports and literature review.

Rationale: Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor of exocrine pancreas. It is typically a well-marginated large solid mass arising in a certain aspect of the pancreas. Diffuse involvement of ACC in the pancreas is very rare, and may simulate pancreatitis in radiological findings.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic features of intravenous leiomyomatosis with inferior vena cava or intracardiac extension.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic features of intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) with inferior vena cava extension (IVCE) or intracardiac extension (ICE).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical data of 38 patients with pathologically diagnosed IVL with IVCE or ICE.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 44.

Luteinizing hormone elevation in ovarian granulosa cell tumor: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common type of potentially malignant ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor. GCTs often produce estrogen and/or progesterone; consequently, symptoms related to hyperestrogenism are common at diagnosis. Nonspecific symptoms or signs associated with this neoplasm include amenorrhea and changes in various sex hormone levels, which can be hard to diagnose or explain.

68Ga-Exendin-4 PET/CT in Evaluation of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Ethanol Ablation of an Insulinoma.

A 32-year-old man with endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia was clinically diagnosed with an insulinoma. Conventional imaging result was negative, and a previous exploratory laparotomy with distal pancreatectomy failed to detect the tumor. Ga-exendin-4 PET/CT showed a lesion with intense radioactivity in the head of the pancreas suggestive of an insulinoma, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation was performed.

Hypervascularity is more frequent in medullary thyroid carcinoma: Compared with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

This study was designed to retrospectively compare the sonographic features of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and the features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).A total of 97 patients with 127 MTCs between January 2000 and January 2016 and 107 consecutive patients with 132 PTCs were included in this study. Two radiologists retrospectively determined the sonographic features and compared the findings of MTCs and PTCs.

Factors Associated With Recurrence After Surgical Resection in Women With Intravenous Leiomyomatosis.

Objective: To analyze the recurrence features and prognostic factors of patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis after complete tumor resection.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 58 patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis with follow-up data out of 75 patients treated from September 2005 to September 2015 and an analysis of postoperative recurrence features and prognostic factors.

Results: The average patient age was 45.

Applications of acoustic radiation force impulse quantification in chronic kidney disease: a review.

Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging is an emerging technique with great promise in the field of elastography. Previous studies have validated ARFI quantification as a method of estimating fibrosis in chronic liver disease. Similarly, fibrosis is the principal process underlying the progression of chronic kidney disease, which is the major cause of renal failure.

BRAF V600E and TERT Promoter Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Chinese Patients.

Background: The BRAF V600E and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations have been reported in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to add further information regarding the prevalence of the BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations in Chinese PTC and their clinicopathological associations.

Methods: We detected the BRAF V600E mutation and TERT promoter mutations in 455 Chinese PTC patients and analyzed the association of these mutations with several clinicopathological features.

Abnormal FDG and MIBG Activity in the Bones in a Patient With Neuroblastoma Without Detectable Primary Tumor.

Neuroblastoma is among the most common extracranial solid tumors in pediatric patients and typically arises anywhere from the neck to pelvis but most commonly in the adrenal glands. It is extremely rare for a patient to have extensive metastases from neuroblastoma without primary tumor being identified. We present a 3-year-old with widespread bone and bone marrow involvement of the disease revealed on both FDG PET/CT and MIBG scan, which was pathologically proven as neuroblastoma.

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor PET/CT with 68Ga-NOTA-Exendin-4 for Detecting Localized Insulinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: Preoperative localization of insulinoma is a clinical dilemma. We aimed to investigate whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) PET/CT with (68)Ga-NOTA-MAL-cys(40)-exendin-4 ((68)Ga-NOTA-exendin-4) is efficient in detecting insulinoma.

Methods: In our prospective cohort study, patients with endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia were enrolled.

68Ga-NOTA-Exendin-4 PET/CT in Localization of an Occult Insulinoma and Appearance of Coexisting Esophageal Carcinoma.

A 61-year-old woman with biochemically proven endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and negative conventional imaging underwent 68Ga-NOTA-exendin-4 PET/CT for localization of insulinoma. Focal intense radioactivity in the tail of the pancreas was observed that was subsequently confirmed as insulinoma pathologically after surgical resection. In addition, esophageal carcinoma with lymph node and hepatic metastases was found by FDG PET/CT in the same patient.