Disruption of PCSK9 Suppresses Inflammation and Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease without effective medications. PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9), a serine protease from the proprotein convertase family, has recently been associated with AAA in human genome-wide association studies. However, its role in AAA is unknown.

Inhibitory interferon regulatory factor 5 binding peptide suppresses abdominal aortic aneurysm expansion in vivo.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a critical condition characterized by the expansion of the infrarenal aorta, often leading to high mortality upon rupture. The absence of treatment for asymptomatic AAAs urgently necessitates uncovering the underlying mechanisms of their development. This study utilized mice to induce AAA through porcine pancreatic elastase with BAPN feeding and found that mice receiving the IRF5-binding peptide (IBP) demonstrated significantly slowed AAA expansion and reduced adventitia degradation compared to the control group.

Causal Relationships between Lipid-Lowering Drug Target and Aortic Disease and Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization.

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (), cholesteryl ester transfer protein () and apolipoprotein C3 () are pivotal regulators of lipid metabolism, with licensed drugs targeting these genes. The use of lipid-lowering therapy via the inhibition of these genes has demonstrated a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, concerns persist regarding their potential long-term impact on aortic diseases and calcific aortic valve disease (CAVS).

Vinpocetine alleviates the abdominal aortic aneurysm progression via VSMCs SIRT1-p21 signaling pathway.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative disease that caused mortality in people aged >65. Senescence plays a critical role in AAA pathogenesis. Advances in AAA repair techniques have occurred, but a remaining priority is therapies to limit AAA growth and rupture.

Effect of Antiplatelet Agents on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Process: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate whether antiplatelet agents are associated with the reduction, expansion, and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Methods: A thorough exploration was conducted on four prominent databases, namely EMBASE, Ovid, PubMed, and Scopus, to identify studies that reported the influence of antiplatelet agents on the sac development of AAA. The assessment was carried out until March 2023.

Novel Systemic Inflammatory Markers Predict All-Cause Mortality in Patients Undergoing Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

Background: Clinically useful predictors for risk stratification of long-term survival may assist in selecting patients for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR) procedures. This study aimed to analyze the prognostic significance of peroperative novel systemic inflammatory markers (SIMs), including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SIII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), for long-term mortality in EVAR.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 147 consecutive patients who underwent their first EVAR procedure at the Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital.

Species identification of biological ingredients in herbal product, Gurigumu-7, based on DNA barcoding and shotgun metagenomics.

Accurate identification the species composition in mixtures poses a significant challenge, especially in processed mixtures comprising multiple species, such as those found in food and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, we have attempted to utilize shotgun metabarcoding technology to tackle this issue. In this study, the method was initially established using two mock samples of the Mongolian compound preparation Gurigumu-7 (G-7), which was then applied to three pharmaceutical products and 12 hospital-made preparations.

Roles and Mechanisms of miRNAs in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Signaling Pathways and Clinical Insights.

Purpose Of Review: Abdominal aortic aneurysm refers to a serious medical condition that can cause the irreversible expansion of the abdominal aorta, which can lead to ruptures that are associated with up to 80% mortality. Currently, surgical and interventional procedures are the only treatment options available for treating abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. In this review, we focus on the upstream and downstream molecules of the microRNA-related signaling pathways and discuss the roles, mechanisms, and targets of microRNAs in abdominal aortic aneurysm modulation to provide novel insights for precise and targeted drug therapy for the vast number of abdominal aortic aneurysm patients.

Evaluation of associations between outflow morphology and rupture risk of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the outflow morphology and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture risk, to find risk factors for future prediction models.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 46 patients with ruptured AAAs and 46 patients with stable AAAs using a 1:1 match for sex, age, and maximum aneurysm diameter. The chi-square test, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare variables.

The cytosolic aminotransferase VAS1 coordinates aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism.

The aromatic amino acids (AAAs) phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan are basic protein units and precursors of diverse specialized metabolites that are essential for plant growth. Despite their significance, the mechanisms that regulate AAA homeostasis remain elusive. Here, we identified a cytosolic aromatic aminotransferase, REVERSAL OF SAV3 PHENOTYPE 1 (VAS1), as a suppressor of () in Arabidopsis ().

IRF5 governs macrophage adventitial infiltration to fuel abdominal aortic aneurysm formation.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the expansion of the aortic wall. One of the most significant features is the infiltration of macrophages in the adventitia, which drives vasculature remodeling. The role of macrophage-derived interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in macrophage infiltration and AAA formation remains unknown.

Clinical value of serum miR-1-3p as a potential circulating biomarker for abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Background: Although abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with life-threatening complications, there are still limited reliable biomarkers for diagnostic purpose. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as the potential diagnostic and risk stratification markers of AAA patients, and we aim to evaluate the serum level of miR-1-3p and its diagnostic value in AAA.

Methods: This study included 200 AAA patients and 200 controls.

Unenhanced computed tomography radiomics help detect endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Objectives: To explore the feasibility of unenhanced CT images for endoleak detection of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) after endovascular repair (EVAR).

Methods: Patients who visited our hospital after EVAR from July 2014 to September 2021 were retrospectively collected. Two radiologists evaluated the presence or absence of endoleaks using the combination of contrast-enhanced and unenhanced CT as the referenced standard.

FAM3A reshapes VSMC fate specification in abdominal aortic aneurysm by regulating KLF4 ubiquitination.

Reprogramming of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation plays an essential role in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. We explore the expression of FAM3A, a newly identified metabolic cytokine, and whether and how FAM3A regulates VSMC differentiation in AAA.

Genetic Deletion of Thorase Causes Purkinje Cell Loss and Impaired Motor Coordination Behavior.

Thorase belongs to the AAA+ ATPase family, which plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Our previous work reported that Thorase was highly expressed in brain tissue, especially in the cerebellum. However, the roles of Thorase in the cerebellum have still not been characterized.

Plasma Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Potential Role of Lysophosphatidylcholines in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression and Formation.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is hallmarked by irreversible dilation of the infrarenal aorta. Lipid deposition in the aortic wall and the potential importance of a lipid disorder in AAA etiology highlight the need to explore lipid variation during AAA development. This study aimed to systematically characterize the lipidomics associated with AAA size and progression.

Elucidating cellular interactome of chikungunya virus identifies host dependency factors.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-transmitted RNA virus causing joint and muscle pain. To better understand how CHIKV rewires the host cell and usurps host cell functions, we generated a systematic CHIKV-human protein-protein interaction map and revealed several novel connections that will inform further mechanistic studies. One of these novel interactions, between the viral protein E1 and STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1 (STUB1), was found to mediate ubiquitination of E1 and degrade E1 through the proteasome.

Perfusion pressure of elastase impacts the formation ratio and diameters of abdominal aortic aneurysms in rats.

Intra-arterial perfusion with elastase is a common method used to create abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) models. The present study aimed to explore the impact of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) perfusion pressure on the morphology of abdominal aortic aneurysms. A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into four groups.

Purinergic receptor P2X7 contributes to abdominal aortic aneurysm development via modulating macrophage pyroptosis and inflammation.

The purinergic receptor P2X7 has been established as an important mediator of inflammation and participates in a variety of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, however, its role in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that P2X7 plays essential roles in AAA development via modulating macrophage pyroptosis and inflammation. P2X7 is highly expressed in human AAA specimen, as well as in experimental murine AAA lesions (both CaCl- and Angiotensin II-induced AAA models), and it mainly confines in macrophages.

Iliac Artery Tortuosity Index in Chinese Patients with or without Aortic Artery Aneurysms and Related Influencing Factors.

Background: Iliac artery tortuosity is an important anatomical factor that influences the endovascular repair of aortic artery aneurysms. The influencing factors of the iliac artery tortuosity index (TI) have not been well studied. TI of iliac arteries and related factors in Chinese patients with and without abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were studied in this study.

Effects of cardiac function alterations on the risk of postoperative thrombotic complications in patients receiving endovascular aortic repair.

Chronic heart disease (CHD) is a common comorbidity of patients receiving endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The explicit relationship between ventricular systolic function and EVAR complication of thrombotic events is unknown. In this study, we proposed a three-dimensional numerical model coupled with the lumped-elements heart model, which is capable of simulating thrombus formation in diverse systolic functions.

Stage II Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma after Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Backgrounds: Concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and gastrointestinal malignancies are uncommon. Endovascular repair (EVAR) is widely used to treat AAA. However, no consensus exists on the optimal strategy for treating AAA when associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.