Engineered extracellular vesicles loaded in boronated cyclodextrin framework for pulmonary delivery.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic carriers for their ideal nano-size and intrinsic biocompatibility, while rapid clearance and limited targeting ability are the major setbacks of EVs. With minimal absorption into the systemic circulation, inhalation for pulmonary disease therapy minimizes off-target toxicity to other organs and offers a safe and effective treatment for respiratory disorders. Herein, a nano-grid carrier made of boronated cyclodextrin framework (BCF) was prepared for pH/HO responsive release of EVs.

IoC2 monitoring versus standard practice in reducing opioid consumption in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Nociception monitoring has recently gained recognition as a valuable tool for guiding intraoperative opioid administration. Several nociception monitors, including the Surgical Pleth Index, the Index of Consciousness (IoC) and the Nociception Level, have been introduced for managing intraoperative analgesia. While these technologies show promise in initial applications, the effectiveness of IoC2 in guiding pain management during anaesthesia, particularly in elderly patients who require precise opioid use, remains unclear.

Hailey-Hailey disease successfully treated with naloxone: 2 case reports and Review of the literature on efficacy of opioid receptor antagonist in Hailey-Hailey disease patients.

Background: Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), a genetic blistering disease, is caused by a mutation in a calcium transporter protein in the Golgi apparatus encoded by the gene. Clinically, HHD is characterized by flaccid vesicles, blisters, erosions, fissures, and maceration mainly in intertriginous regions. Some patients remain refractory to conventional treatments.

Association between chest pain and risk of depression in patients with or without coronary heart disease.

Background: Research on the relationship between chest pain and depression risk in patients with or without coronary heart disease (CHD) is limited.

Methods: This cross-sectional study includes adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018. The diagnoses of chest pain and CHD were based on self-reports from participants, while depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).

Benzene-induced hematotoxicity enhances the self-renewal ability of HSPCs in Mll-Af9 mice.

Patients with benzene-induced leukemia undergo a continuous transformation from myelosuppression to malignant proliferation. However, the underlying mechanisms in this process remain unknown. Our previous studies have shown that the pathways involved in self-renewal capacity of bone marrow (BM) cells in Mll-Af9 mice exposed to benzene for life are significantly activated after severe blood toxicity.

Hyaluronic acid-conjugated lipid nanocarriers in advancing cancer therapy: A review.

Lipid nanoparticles are getting a lot of attention in cancer treatment because they're good at delivering drugs and reducing side effects. These things are like a flexible platform for getting anticancer meds where they need to go, especially when you add HA, a polymer that's known to target tumors. Hyaluronic acid is good because it homes in on tumor cells by latching onto CD44 receptors, which are often overproduced in cancer.

Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) as a molecular target for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) resistance in chickens.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) causes chronic respiratory disease (CRD), posing a significant threat to global poultry production. Current preventive strategies face limitations, emphasizing the need for alternative approaches such as breeding for disease resistance. This study identifies the matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) gene as a key factor in CRD resistance.

Ribosomal protein L6 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating FBXO22-mediated p53 degradation.

The ribosomal protein L6 (RPL6) is significant in the progression of different cancer types. However, its precise role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This research demonstrated that the expression levels of RPL6 are notably decreased in HCC tissues.

Biosynthesis of 10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid in Escherichia coli.

10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a unique unsaturated fatty acid present in royal jelly, has attracted considerable interest due to its potential medical applications. However, its low concentration in royal jelly and complex conformational structure present challenges for large-scale production. In this study, we designed and constructed a de novo biosynthetic pathway for 10-HDA in Escherichia coli.

Informatics strategies for early detection and risk mitigation in pancreatic cancer patients.

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape in pancreatic cancer (PC) screening, diagnosis, and early detection. This emphasizes the need for targeted screening in high-risk groups, particularly those with familial predispositions and genetic mutations, such as BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2. This review highlights the sporadic nature of most PC cases and significant risk factors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and diabetes.

BTG3 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by promoting viral S2 protein degradation through the autophagy and proteasome pathways.

BTG3, which belongs to the BTG/Tob gene family, is involved in various physiological processes. Infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an alphacoronavirus, is associated with high mortality rates among piglets, contributing to major economic losses. This study elucidated a novel mechanism through which BTG3 suppresses PEDV replication.

Enteric pathogenicity characterization of emerging parainfluenza virus 5 in western China.

Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family and causes respiratory symptoms in various animal species. Although the virus has been frequently detected among fecal samples, no study has described its infection of the intestine. Recently, diarrhea with low mortality has spread on pig farms in Gansu, China.

Long-term surgical outcomes and prognosis of cervical spinal hemangioblastomas.

Purpose: Hemangioblastomas (HBs) occurring in the cervical spinal region are infrequently reported. Surgical resection of cervical HBs poses a significant challenge, and the long-term therapeutic outcomes remain unclear.

Methods: A comprehensive retrospective analysis was conducted to review the treatment outcomes of patients with cervical HBs from 2011 to 2021.

Quantification and clinical performance of serum parathyroid hormone 1-84 via immunocapture coupled to LC-MS/MS in chronic renal failure.

Accurate measurement of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) is crucial for diagnosing and managing endocrine and osteological diseases. Conventional immunoassay methods struggle with cross reactivity issues between full-length PTH and truncated fragments or post-translationally modified forms. Both the standardization of PTH assays and the peptide's stability are concerning.

Adherence to Oral Anticancer Agents Among Adults With Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: A Scoping Review.

Background: Patients with gastrointestinal tract cancer reported suboptimal adherence to oral anticancer agents (OAAs), reducing their therapeutic benefit and increasing mortality risk. A scoping review can comprehensively map available evidence on adherence to OAAs and inform appropriate support to improve treatment outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to comprehensively map studies on adherence to OAAs among adults with gastrointestinal tract cancer, including the adherence rate, nonadherence reasons, influential factors, management strategies, and theories that guide these studies.

Vitreous cavity lavage with a bended-needle system for postoperative vitreous cavity hemorrhage.

Purpose: To present a novel bended-needle drainage system in vitreous cavity lavage (VCL) for postoperative vitreous cavity hemorrhage (POVCH).

Methods: This retrospective case series include all patients with POVCH who received VCL with the bended-needle drainage system at ophthalmology department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2022 to May 2024. Patients adopted a supine position that allows preparation and draping.

Microplastics in the bloodstream can induce cerebral thrombosis by causing cell obstruction and lead to neurobehavioral abnormalities.

Human health is being threatened by environmental microplastic (MP) pollution. MPs were detected in the bloodstream and multiple tissues of humans, disrupting the regular physiological processes of organs. Nanoscale plastics can breach the blood-brain barrier, leading to neurotoxic effects.

The R203M and D377Y mutations of the nucleocapsid protein promote SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by impairing RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling.

The viral protein mutations can modify virus-host interactions during virus evolution, and thus alter the extent of infection or pathogenicity. Studies indicate that nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 participates in viral genome assembly, intracellular signal regulation and immune interference. However, its biological function in viral evolution is not well understood.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Covalent organic frameworks as superior adsorbents for the removal of toxic substances.

Developing new materials capable of the safe and efficient removal of toxic substances has become a research hotspot in the field of materials science, as these toxic substances pose a serious threat to human health, both directly and indirectly. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as an emerging class of crystalline porous materials, have advantages such as large specific surface area, tunable pore size, designable structure, and good biocompatibility, which have been proven to be a superior adsorbent design platform for toxic substances capture. This review will summarize the synthesis methods of COFs and the properties and characteristics of typical toxicants, discuss the design strategies of COF-based adsorbents for the removal of toxic substances, and highlight the recent advancements in COF-based adsorbents as robust candidates for the efficient removal of various types of toxicants, such as animal toxins, microbial toxins, phytotoxins, environmental toxins, The adsorption performance and related mechanisms of COF-based adsorbents for different types of toxic substances will be discussed.

GATA2 links stemness to chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia.

Stemness-associated cell states are linked to chemotherapy resistance in AML. We uncovered a direct mechanistic link between expression of the stem cell transcription factor GATA2 and drug resistance. The GATA-binding protein 2 (GATA2) plays a central role in blood stem cell generation and maintenance.

CTCNet: a fine-grained classification network for fluorescence images of circulating tumor cells.

The identification and categorization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood are imperative for advancing cancer diagnostics and prognostics. The intricacy of various CTCs subtypes, coupled with the difficulty in developing exhaustive datasets, has impeded progress in this specialized domain. To date, no methods have been dedicated exclusively to overcoming the classification challenges of CTCs.

Efficacy of Nebulized Budesonide and Systemic Corticosteroids During Hospitalization on All-Cause Mortality in AECOPD Patients: A Real-World Study.

Background: Guidelines specify steroids as therapy for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). However, the duration of survival benefit associated with steroids and the optimal dosage of nebulized budesonide (NB) during hospitalization remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of hospitalized AECOPD patients.

Multi-parametric MRI combined with radiomics for the diagnosis and grading of endometrial fibrosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the application of multi-parametric MRI (MP-MRI) combined with radiomics in diagnosing and grading endometrial fibrosis (EF).

Methods: A total of 74 patients with severe endometrial fibrosis (SEF), 41 patients with mild to moderate fibrosis (MMEF) confirmed by hysteroscopy, and 40 healthy women of reproductive age were prospectively enrolled. The enrolled data were randomly stratified and divided into a train set (108 cases: 28 healthy women, 29 with MMEF, and 51 with SEF) and a test set (47 cases: 12 healthy women, 12 MMEF and 23 SEF) at a ratio of 7:3.

PTPN23-dependent activation of PI3KC2α is a therapeutic vulnerability of BRAF-mutant cancers.

BRAF mutations drive initiation and progression of various tumors. While BRAF inhibitors are effective in BRAF-mutant melanoma patients, intrinsic or acquired resistance to these therapies is common. Here, we identify non-receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase 23 (PTPN23) as an alternative effective target in BRAF-mutant cancer cells.