Brain derived β-interferon is a potential player in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and cognitive impairment.

Background: Recent research has postulated that the activation of cGAS-STING-interferon signalling pathways could be implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the precise types of interferons and related cytokines, both from the brain and periphery, responsible for cognitive impairment in patients with AD remain unclear.

Methods: A total of 131 participants (78 [59.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveal the prognostic roles of epithelial and T cells and DNA methylation-based prognostic models in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits a complex microenvironment with diverse cell populations influencing patient prognosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to identify prognosis-related cell types, and DNA methylation (DNAm)-based models were developed to predict outcomes based on their cellular characteristics.

Methods: We integrated scRNA-seq, bulk data, and clinical information to identify key cell populations associated with prognosis.

Evaluation and improvement of nursing undergraduates' informatics competencies using a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making model.

Background: Nursing staff need to be constantly exposed to information systems at work and encounter patients who share medical data obtained from the internet; this was widely observed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Hence, nursing staff should have the necessary skills and education that can help them develop nursing students' informatics competencies. However, research on assessing and improving nursing students' informatics competencies remains scarce.

Programmable ultrasound-mediated swarms manipulation of bacteria-red blood cell microrobots for tumor-specific thrombosis and robust photothermal therapy.

Despite the excellent advantages of biomicrorobots, such as autonomous navigation and targeting actuation, effective penetration and retention to deep lesion sites for effective therapy remains a longstanding challenge. Here, we present dual-engine cell microrobots, which we refer to as PR-robots, created by conjugating photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) with red blood cells (RBCs). The robots penetrate the tumor interior in swarms through combined hypoxic traction and ultrasound actuation (UA).

Molecular investigation of an epidemic dissemination of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium sequence type 80 in Guangdong Province, China.

Objectives: The detection rate of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) displayed a dramatically increase in Guangdong, China from 2021 to 2023, for which the molecular epidemiology and genomic characteristics remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the genetic features and epidemiology of VREfm isolates in Guangdong.

Methods: A total of 54 Guangdong VREfm isolates were collected from three tertiary hospitals in Guangdong.

Gender differences in the association between insulin resistance assessed by estimated glucose disposal rate and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths in adults without diabetes.

Aim: We intended to examine the relationship between estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and risks of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths in non-diabetic adults.

Methods: 38,175 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) were included, and deaths were identified through the National Death Index.

Results: With a median follow-up of 9.

Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Psoriasis: Construction of a Multifactorial Diagnostic Model.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant comorbidity of psoriasis that exerts a long-term detrimental effect on patients. Early T2DM detection in psoriasis patients is essential for timely medical intervention and the prevention of further complications.

Objective: To develop a diagnostic model and introduce a web-based calculator for assessing the risk of T2DM in patients with psoriasis.

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict overall survival in patients with External auditory canal cancer.

Aim: We aimed to examine the influence of various prognostic factors on the outcome of external auditory canal (EAC) cancer and create a graphical prediction tool, marking a first in this field, premised on these determinants.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 173 patients with EAC cancer, making this the largest patient cohort in the literature. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to assess the differences between established prognostic variables.

Development and validation of a multiplex chip-based droplet digital PCR method for detecting CNVs in 7q11.2 and 22q11.2 regions.

Copy number variations (CNVs) in the 7q11.2 and 22q11.2 chromosomal regions are major contributors to genetic disorders such as Williams-Beuren syndrome and 22q11.

Clerodane diterpenoids from the vine stems of Fibraurea recisa Pierre and their hepatic gluconeogenesis inhibitory activity.

Fibraurea recisa Pierre is a vine plant and its vine stems are used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat heat toxin, constipation, diarrhea, sore throat, eye inflammation, carbuncles, and skin ulcers. The alkaloid chemical composition of this plant has been extensively studied; however, investigations into non-alkaloid components remain limited. In this study, phytochemical studies of the vine stems of F.

Terahertz scanning near-field optical microscopy for biomedical detection: Recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives.

Terahertz (THz) radiation is widely recognized as a non-destructive, label-free, and highly- sensitive tool for biomedical detections. Nevertheless, its application in precision biomedical fields faces challenges due to poor spatial resolution caused by intrinsically long wavelength characteristics. THz scanning near-field optical microscopy (THz-SNOM), which surpasses the Rayleigh criterion, offers micrometer and nanometer-scale spatial resolution, making it possible to perform precise bioinspection with THz imaging.

Streptococcus agalactiaeInfection of a Reconstructed Human Respiratory Epithelium Revealed Infection and Host Response Characteristics by Different Serotypes.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae poses a significant threat to neonatal health, causing morbidity and mortality when transmitted from the maternal vagina to the newborn's respiratory tract. Among its various strains, serotype III is predominant in severe neonatal infections in Asia. However, the mechanisms of pathogenesis and host responses underlying serotype-specific disease outcomes remain poorly understood.

Myristica fragrans water extract modulates multiple biological processes to pre-protect anhydrous ethanol-induced gastric ulcers via Akt/JNK/Nrf2 pathway activation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg) is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine and edible spice. According to Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China, it has the effects of warming the middle and promoting qi, astringent intestines, and antidiarrheal. In the record of Compendium of Materia Medica, it is the myristica fragrans water extract (MFWE) that is utilized for therapeutic purposes of gastrointestinal disorders frequently.

Vagal response during radiofrequency catheter ablation initiated from right superior pulmonary vein: Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes.

Background: The vagal response (VR) is unavoidable during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of VR during PVI initiated from the right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV).

Methods: Patients with AF were consecutively enrolled.

Thermosensitive, injectable, antibacterial glabridin liposome/chitosan dual network hydrogel for diabetic wound healing.

Thermosensitive hydrogels show great potential in healing diabetic wounds, but they are still challenged by the long healing time, risk of infectivity, and accumulation of melanin. Herein, a dual network hydrogel is designed, which consists of chlorogenic acid (CA) modified chitosan (CS) (CA@CS), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), and glabridin liposomes (GL). The gelation transition temperature of the hydrogel is 32-34 °C, which thus endows it with superior injectability at ambient temperature.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy by liposomal doxorubicin boosts immune protection of tumor membrane antigens-based nanovaccine.

Autologous tumor cell membrane antigen-based vaccines (TMVs) have garnered extensive attention as personalized immunotherapy. However, patients who take TMVs therapy usually undergo various treatments prior to surgery, and these processes modulate the immunogenicity of the tumor membrane and the tumor immune microenvironment. Herein, we investigate the impact of preoperative chemotherapy on the efficacy of TMVs.

Shifts in seasonal influenza patterns in Australia during and after COVID-19: A comprehensive analysis.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, seasonal influenza virus circulation was heavily suppressed worldwide. In Australia, since the virus re-emerged in 2022, shifts in seasonal influenza patterns have been observed. Both the 2022 and 2023 seasons started earlier than pre-pandemic norms and were categorised as moderate to severe, highlighting the renewed importance of prevention strategies for seasonal influenza.

Synergistic effects of combined lead and iprodione exposure on P53 signaling-mediated hepatotoxicity, enterotoxicity and transgenerational toxicity in zebrafish.

Environmental heavy metal contamination, combined with inappropriate use of fungicides, has led to the co-existence of lead (Pb) and iprodione (IPR), presenting signification risks to ecosystems and human health. The toxic effects resulting from concurrent exposure to Pb and IPR, however, remain poorly understood. In the study, we conducted a comprehensive 60-day subchronic study to investigate the toxic effects on the liver and gut in parental male zebrafish through employing multi-omics analyses.

Zn inhibits PEDV replication by inducing autophagy through the Akt-mTOR pathway.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a coronavirus that induces diarrhea in pigs, leading to severe economic losses in the global pig industry. Currently, effective antiviral treatments for porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) are rarely available for clinical use. Zinc (Zn), an essential mineral, is known to reduce diarrhea in piglets transitioning from milk to solid feed by modulating immune system activity.

Buried-guided suture suspension of the alar crus: A minimally invasive method to correct nostril exposure.

Objectives: To introduce a novel technique using the buried-guided suture method for suspending the alar crus to correct nostril exposure in East Asians and to investigate its safety and efficacy.

Methods: Patients with ptotic alar crus and nostril exposure at our clinic were enrolled between December 2011 and December 2023. Via an intranasal incision, the excess skin on the inner side of the nostrils was excised.

Chuanxiong Qingnao Granules (CQG) alleviates nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like pain in rats by glycerophospholipid metabolism and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Background And Purpose: Chuanxiong Qingnao Granles (CQG), has been used to treat migraine headache (MH) for many years. However, current investigation of CQG have primarily focused on clinical studies, and the potential mechanisms underlying of its effects on MH have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we applied an integrated approach of transcriptomics and metabolomics to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of CQG in nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced MH injury.

DCSENets: Interpretable deep learning for patient-independent seizure classification using enhanced EEG-based spectrogram visualization.

Neurologists often face challenges in identifying epileptic activities within multichannel EEG recordings, requiring extensive hours of analysis. Computer-aided diagnosis systems have been proposed to reduce manual inspection of EEG signals by neurologists. However, direct analysis of EEG signals is difficult due to their complex and dynamic nature, with variation across multiple patients.

Enhanced quasi-meshing hotspot effect integrated embedded attention residual network for culture-free SERS accurate determination of Fusarium spores.

Determination of Fusarium spores is essential for precision control of Fusarium head blight and ensuring agri-food safety. As a highly sensitive real-time detection technique with rich fingerprint information and little influence from water, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been widely applied in the determination of microorganisms. However, fungi determination faces significant challenges including low sensitivity, and poor specificity.

Capilliposide A alleviates DSS-induced colitis by regulating the intestinal flora and its metabolites of origin.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease that impacts the mucous membrane of the colon. Lately, the incidence and prevalence of UC has been increasing globally. However, there are significant side effects of existing drugs for UC intervention.