NAC1 transcriptional activation of LDHA induces hepatitis B virus immune evasion leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development.

Our study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying NAC1 (nucleus accumbens associated 1) transcriptional regulation of LDHA and its role in HBV immune evasion, thus contributing to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Utilizing public datasets, we performed differential gene expression and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on HBV-induced cirrhosis/HCC data. We identified candidate genes by intersecting differentially expressed genes with co-expression modules.

Edible exosome-like nanoparticles from portulaca oleracea L mitigate DSS-induced colitis via facilitating double-positive CD4CD8T cells expansion.

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) have been paid great attention in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). As a proof of concept, we isolated and identified Portulaca oleracea L-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) from edible Portulaca oleracea L, which exhibited desirable nano-size (~ 160 nm) and a negative zeta potential value (-31.4 mV).

Stem cell-derived intestinal organoids: a novel modality for IBD.

The organoids represent one of the greatest revolutions in the biomedical field in the past decade. This three-dimensional (3D) micro-organ cultured in vitro has a structure highly similar to that of the tissue and organ. Using the regeneration ability of stem cells, a 3D organ-like structure called intestinal organoids is established, which can mimic the characteristics of real intestinal organs, including morphology, function, and personalized response to specific stimuli.

Plant-derived exosomal nanoparticles: potential therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation. However, currently available disease-modifying anti-IBD drugs exhibit limited efficacy in IBD therapy. Furthermore, existing therapeutic approaches provide only partial relief from IBD symptoms and are associated with certain side effects.

Emerging role of bacterial outer membrane vesicle in gastrointestinal tract.

Bacteria form a highly complex ecosystem in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In recent years, mounting evidence has shown that bacteria can release nanoscale phospholipid bilayer particles that encapsulate nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and other molecules. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by microorganisms and can transport a variety of important factors, such as virulence factors, antibiotics, HGT, and defensive factors produced by host eukaryotic cells.

Endoscopic mucosal resection with double band ligation versus endoscopic submucosal dissection for small rectal neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: Endoscopic resection remains an effective method for the treatment of small rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) (≤ 10 mm). Moreover, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) with double band ligation (EMR-dB), a simplified modification of EMR with band ligation, is an alternative strategy to remove small rectal NETs.

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of EMR-dB for the treatment of small rectal NETs (≤ 10 mm).

Nanoparticles for oral delivery: targeted therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.

As a group of chronic and idiopathic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by recurrent intestinal mucosal inflammation. Oral administration is critical for the treatment of IBD. Unfortunately, it is difficult to target the bowel located in the GI tract due to multiple physical barriers.

Epigenetic DNA methylation of Zbtb7b regulates the population of double-positive CD4CD8 T cells in ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a heterogeneous disorder with complex pathogenesis. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to assess genome-wide DNA methylation changes associated explicitly with the pathogenesis of UC.

Methods: DNA methylation changes were identified by comparing UC tissues with healthy controls (HCs) from the GEO databases.

Endoloop ligation after endoscopic mucosal resection using a transparent cap: A novel method to treat small rectal carcinoid tumors.

Background: Local endoscopic resection is an effective method for the treatment of small rectal carcinoid tumors, but remnant tumor at the margin after resection remains to be an issue.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of resection of small rectal carcinoid tumors by endoloop ligation after cap-endoscopic mucosal resection (LC-EMR) using a transparent cap.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with rectal carcinoid tumors of less than 10 mm in diameter were treated by LC-EMR ( = 22) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) ( = 12) between January 2016 and December 2017.