Silibinin's role in counteracting neuronal apoptosis and synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease models.

This study investigates silibinin's capacity to mitigate Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies with a particular emphasis on its effects on apoptosis and synaptic dysfunction in AD models. Employing APP/PS1 transgenic mice and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines, our research assessed the efficacy of silibinin in reducing amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that silibinin significantly decreases Aβ accumulation and neuroinflammation and robustly inhibits apoptosis in neuronal cells.

Exploring the utility of different bulking agents for speeding up the composting process of household kitchen waste.

Household kitchen waste (HKW) is produced in large quantity and its management is difficult due to high moisture content and complex organic matter. Aerobic composting of HKW is an easy, efficient, cost-effective and eco-friendly method. This study is designed to achieve a zero-waste concept and to convert HKW.

An investigation into cleaning quality of suction-type metal lumen instruments: a cross-sectional study.

The highest unqualified cleaning rate of suction-type lumen instruments is a major challenge for a central sterile supply department (CSSD). However, A few comprehensive studies have analyzed the main factors affecting cleaning quality. In response, this study aimed to explore the current state and the factors affecting the cleaning quality of reused suction-type metal lumen instruments in CSSD.

A novel basement membrane-related gene signature for predicting prognosis of HNSCC.

In recent years, a notably heterogeneous malignant tumor, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), has received increasing attention, with no significant improvement in its survival rate. The rapid increase in the number of prognostic models associated with HNSCC has been observed due to its accuracy, which offers crucial clinical benefits. The 10 genes were selected from 222 human genes associated with the basement membrane in the analysis of this article.

Postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal delivery: a comprehensive analysis and development of predictive models for aetiological subgroups in Chinese women.

Objectives: This study aimed to dissect the aetiological subgroups of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) that occur after vaginal delivery in women with full-term singleton pregnancies. Our goal was to craft and validate predictive models to guide clinical decision-making and optimise resource allocation.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

A comprehensive review of GPR84: A novel player in pathophysiology and treatment.

G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84), a member of the highly conserved rhodopsin-like superfamily, represents a promising target for therapeutic drug development. Its distinctive expression profiles in adipocytes, gut endocrine cells, and various myeloid immune cells underscore its critical roles in fundamental physiological processes, particularly in metabolic regulation and immune responses. Over the past two decades, emerging research has demonstrated that GPR84 regulates immune cell chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and inflammatory responses, playing a pivotal role in metabolic disorders, inflammatory diseases, and organ fibrosis.

Intermittent Fasting Improves Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats Through SIRT1-Mediated Autophagy.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) is a common complication affecting the central nervous system, commonly induced by anesthesia and surgical procedures. PND has garnered considerable attention in recent years, not only due to its high morbidity but also its negative impact on patient prognosis, such as increased rates of dementia and mortality. Sevoflurane, a common volatile anesthetic in clinical practice, is increasingly linked to being a potential risk factor for PND with prolonged inhalation, yet effective prevention and treatment methods remain elusive.

Exploring the pivotal variables of tongue diagnosis between patients with chronic kidney disease and health participants.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) utilizes tongue diagnosis to differentiate symptoms and predict prognosis. This study examines the relationship between tongue characteristics and CKD severity using an automatic tongue diagnosis system (ATDS), which captures tongue images non-invasively to provide objective diagnostic information.

Phenotypic age mediates the associations between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a novel indicator of inflammation, but research on the links and mechanisms between the PLR and long-term health conditions is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between phenotypic age (PhenoAge) mediated PLR and mortality among US adults.

Methods: A total of 37,182 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (1999-2018) were included to evaluate the PLR's relevance to survival by Cox regression models.

Wheel-shaped polyoxometalates as nanozymes for autophagy-augmented and phototherapy-involved cancer nanotherapy.

Image 1.

Interleukin-6 in epilepsy and its neuropsychiatric comorbidities: How to bridge the gap.

There is growing evidence that interleukin (IL)-6 plays an important role in neurological and psychiatric disorders. This editorial comments on the study published in the recent issue of the , which employed Mendelian randomization to identify a causal relationship between IL-6 receptor blockade and decreased epilepsy incidence. The purpose of this editorial is to highlight the dual effects of IL-6 in epilepsy and its related neuropsychiatric comorbidities.

High Intelectin-1 Expression Associated with Aggressive Tumor Behavior and Worse Survival in Rectal Cancer.

Background: Multimodal treatment involving preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery is the current standard of care for rectal cancer. Despite advancements, the risk of recurrence, metastasis, and decreased survival remains high. This study aims to evaluate potential biomarkers to stratify prognosis in patients with rectal cancer undergoing preoperative CRT and surgery.

Osimertinib as a neoadjuvant therapy in resectable EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world, multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been authorized for use in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant osimertinib in individuals with resectable locally advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation.

Methods: Ten centers located in mainland China took part in a single-arm, real-world, multicenter retrospective study (registration number: ChiCTR2100049954).

Protective effects and possible mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles against kidney fibrosis in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The risk of kidney fibrosis is significantly elevated in individuals with diabetes, chronic nephritis, trauma, and other underlying conditions. Concurrently, human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (MSC-Exos) have gained prominence in regenerative medicine. In light of these observations, we are undertaking a meta-analysis to elucidate the influence of hUCB-MSCs and MSC-Exos on kidney fibrosis.

Association of composite dietary antioxidant index with circadian syndrome: evidence from NHANES.

Background: The Circadian Syndrome (CircS) has been linked to various chronic diseases. However, the relationship between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and CircS has remained unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between CDAI and CircS.

Gold Nanoparticle-Modified Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Coated Pencil Graphite Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Bisphenol A.

The sensitive Bisphenol A (BPA) detection by an electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticle-doped molecularly imprinted polymer was successfully improved. This study describes the development of a method for BPA detection in both aqueous solution and real water samples using N-methacroyl-(L)-cysteine methyl ester and N-methacryloyl-(L)-phenylalanine methyl ester coated pencil graphite electrodes modified with AuNPs by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Importantly, AuNPs, which increase the electroactivity, were used to increase the surface area of a BPA-imprinted pencil graphite electrode (MIP PGE) sensor.

Identification of vascular hotspots and analysis of micro-vessel flow velocity waveforms in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix.

Objectives: To assess hotspot micro-vessel flow velocity waveforms in human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical infections using transvaginal power Doppler ultrasound (TV-PDU) and explore associations with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] II and III).

Methods: In all, 62 patients with confirmed HPV-HSIL (14 CIN II, 48 CIN III) and 65 age- and parity-matched women with neither HPV infection nor CIN were compared. Seven parameters by TV-PDU were used to assess vascular classification and micro-vessel flow velocity, including vascular grading (class I, II, III), lowest pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), peak systolic velocity (PS), end-diastolic velocity (ED), time average maximum velocity (TAMV), and the vascular index (VI = PS/ED).

Real-world efficacy and safety of universal 8-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C with early chronic kidney disease or pre-end-stage renal disease: Insights from a nationwide hepatisis C virus registry in Taiwan.

An 8-week regimen of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is recommended for treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). In alignment with the Taiwanese government's objective to eliminate hepatitis C by 2025, this study aimed to provide real-world evidence on the use of this regimen in treatment-naïve patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by using data from the Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver HCV Registry (TACR). CKD was defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.

Three-dimensional quantitative temporomandibular joint changes in skeletal class I malocclusion treated with extraction and non-extraction protocols: a comparative study of fixed orthodontic appliances and clear aligners.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the positional and morphological changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion treated with fixed orthodontic appliances (FAs) and clear aligners (CAs), both with and without premolar extractions.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 120 adult patients divided into non-extraction and extraction groups, each further subdivided equally into those treated with FAs and CAs. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to assess the TMJ measurements before (T0) and after treatment (T1).

Driver identification in advanced transportation systems using osprey and salp swarm optimized random forest model.

Enhancement of security, personalization, and safety in advanced transportation systems depends on driver identification. In this context, this work suggests a new method to find drivers by means of a Random Forest model optimized using the osprey optimization algorithm (OOA) for feature selection and the salp swarm optimization (SSO) for hyperparameter tuning based on driving behavior. The proposed model achieves an accuracy of 92%, a precision of 91%, a recall of 93%, and an F1-score of 92%, significantly outperforming traditional machine learning models such as XGBoost, CatBoost, and Support Vector Machines.

Differential Connectivity Patterns of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: A Large-scale Brain Network Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), significantly impact the quality of life in older adults. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a critical stage for intervention and can predict the development of dementia. The causes of these two diseases are not fully understood, but there is an overlap in their neuropathology.

Quantum food and nutrition: Subatomic approaches to nourishment for health and well-being.

Nutrition science has been represented as biomedical, environmental, societal and economic field, but quantum biology is sidestepped, thereby obscuring cognate problems and solutions. We are generally nourished for health, optimal well-being, longevity and personal security through sustainable livelihoods. Our nourish-ments include not only food and energy but also light from the sun, the firmament and the earth itself, along with information transmitted in subatomic particles and electromagnetic wave forms.

Structural and anti-ovarian cancer insights into the immunoglobulin G-glabridin nanocomplex.

In this study, the formation of the immunoglobulin G-glabridin (IgG-GB) complex and nanocomplex was analyzed by assessing the structure, stability, solubility, and anticancer effects against the human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3. The hydrodynamic sizes of the prepared IgG-GB nanocomplex were 190.1 ± 25.

Safety and antioxidant assessments of BLR-E50, 50% ethanolic extract from red beans co-fermented by Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus.

Since red beans have poor textural properties, fermentation is commonly used to help produce better pulse products. To obtain BLR-E50, red beans are fermented using a co-culture of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, followed by extraction with 50% ethanol. The present data demonstrate that BLR-E50 did not exhibit mutagenicity, genotoxicity, or subacute oral toxicity.