Excessive penile norepinephrine level underlies impaired erectile function in adenosine A1 receptor deficient mice.

Introduction: Penile erection is a complex neurovascular physiological event controlled by multiple factors and signaling pathways. A considerable amount of evidence indicates that adenosine plays a significant role in cavernosal smooth muscle relaxation. However, the specific role of adenosine and its receptors in erectile physiology and pathology is not fully understood.